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Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1607-1622页

作者： Giulia Foggi Melissa Terranova Matteo Daghio Sergej L.Amelchanka Giuseppe Conte Simon Ineichen Monica Agnolucci Carlo Viti Alberto Mantino Arianna Buccioni Michael Kreuzer Marcello Mele Department of Agriculture Food and Environment(DAFE)University of Pisa56124 PisaItaly AgroVet‑Strickhof ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy centro Di ricerche Agro‑Ambientali“E.Avanzi” University of PisaPisa 56122Italy School of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences HAFLBern University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland

Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds(EOC)have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia *** these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2,composed of carvacrol,thymol,and eugenol)and C-10(chestnut extract and EOC blend 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene)have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique(Rusitec)in three independent *** this purpose,Q-2 and C-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-supplemented diet(negative control,NC)and with one supplemented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin^(R) Ruminant(positive control,PC).Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas *** residues were collected for the determination of ruminal *** d 10,samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene *** of the duration of the fermentation period,Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia(-37%by Q-2,-34%by PC)or methane formation(-12%by C-10,-12%by PC).The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness,whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects,particularly on microbiome diversities,were limited compared to *** All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 ***,several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10,indicating different mechanisms of *** pronounced defaunation caused by PC a

关键词： Additive Bacteria Continuous culture Degradability Fermentation Fungi Greenhouse gas In vitro Microbiome Rumen

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First-principles search of hot superconductivity in La-X-H ternary hydrides

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Simone Di Cataldo Wolfgang von der Linden Lilia Boeri Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics Graz University of TechnologyNAWI Graz8010GrazAustria Dipartimento di Fisica Sapienza Universitàdi Roma00185RomaItaly centro ricerche Enrico Fermi Via Panisperna89a00184RomaItaly

Motivated by the recent claim of hot superconductivity with critical temperatures up to 550 K in La + x hydrides,we investigate the high-pressure phase diagram of compounds that may have formed in the experiment,using first-principles calculations for evolutionary crystal structure prediction and *** from the hypothesis that the observed T_(c) may be realized by successive heating upon a pre-formed LaH_(10) phase,we examine plausible ternaries of lanthanum,hydrogen and other elements present in the diamond anvil cell: boron,nitrogen,carbon,platinum,gallium,*** find that only boron and,to a lesser extent,gallium form metastable superhydride-like structures that can host high-T_(c) superconductivity,but the predicted T_(c)’s are incompatible with the experimental *** results indicate that,while the claims of hot superconductivity should be reconsidered,it is very likely that unknown H-rich ternary or multinary phases containing lanthanum,hydrogen,and possibly boron or gallium may have formed under the reported experimental conditions,and that these may exhibit superconducting properties comparable,or even superior,to those of currently known hydrides.

关键词： hydrides boron superconductivity

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Cell fusion in the liver, revisited

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第2期10卷 213-221页

作者： Michela Lizier Alessandra Castelli Cristina Montagna Franco Lucchini Paolo Vezzoni Francesca Faggioli Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica CNR Human Genome Laboratory Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS Department of Genetics and Pathology Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine centro ricerche biotecnologiche Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

There is wide agreement that cell fusion is a physiological process in cells in mammalian bone, muscle and placenta. In other organs, such as the cerebellum, cell fusion is controversial. The liver contains a considerable number of polyploid cells: They are commonly believed to originate by genome endoreplication, although the contribution of cell fusion to polyploidization has not been excluded. Here, we address the topic of cell fusion in the liver from a historical point of view. We discuss experimental evidence clearly supporting the hypothesis that cell fusion occurs in the liver, specifically when bone marrow cells were injected into mice and shown to rescue genetic hepatic degenerative defects. Those experiments-carried out in the latter half of the last century-were initially interpreted to show "transdifferentiation", but are now believed to demonstrate fusion between donor macrophages and host hepatocytes, raising the possibility that physiologically polyploid cells, such as hepatocytes, could originate, at least partially, through homotypic cell fusion. In support of the homotypic cell fusion hypothesis, we present new data generated using a chimera-based model, a much simpler model than those previously used. Cell fusion as a road to polyploidization in the liver has not been extensively investigated, and its contribution to a variety of conditions, such as viral infections, carcinogenesis and aging, remains unclear.

关键词： Cell fusion Hepatocytes TdTomato Lineage tracing Chimeras Extracellular vesicles

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Nucleon form factors:the space-time connection

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 874-876页

作者： S.Pacetti INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Museo Storico della Fisica e centro Studi e ricerche 'E.Fermi'

Analyticity of nucleon form factors allows to derive sum rules which, using space-like and time-like data as input, can give unique information about behaviors in energy regions not experimentally accessible. Taking advantage from new time-like data on proton-antiproton differential cross section and hence the possibility to separate electric and magnetic form factors also in the time-like region, we verify the consistency of the asymptotic behavior predicted by the perturbative QCD for the proton magnetic form factor.

关键词： dispersion relations nucleon form factors pQCD

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Energy Loss of Charm Quark Observed via Dimuon Production in Pb-Pb Collisions at √snn = 5.5 TeV

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第9期23卷 2399-2402页

作者：丁亨通周代翠殷中宝 Institute of Particle Physics Huazhong Normal University Wuhan 430079 Museo Storico della Fisica e centro Studi e ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' Rome Italy

Based on the HVQMNR model of heavy flavour production and the BDMPS approach on parton energy loss, we have investigated the energy loss effect of charm quark on （di）muon spectra in forward rapidity region covered by ALICE forward muon spectrometer in Pb＋Pb collisions at c.m. energy √snn= 5.5 TeV. Results show that （di）muon spectra are very sensitive to the charm quark energy loss and can provide valuable information on the energy loss of heavy flavours.

关键词： Energy Loss Production

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UN'ALTRA GROTTA FUNERARIA RITROVATA NELLA VALLASSINA IN LOCALITA CANDALINO DI VALBRONA (Como)

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 1982年第1期 173-181页

作者： GIORGTO GAGLIARDI centro ricerche Vallassinesi Asso(Como)

La zona del lariano ha documentato la presenza sul suo territorio di un particolarerito: il seppellimento di inumati e la cremazione di cadaveri nelle cavita geologiche na-turali: le grotte. Questo rito (nell’arco alpino) sembra essere una peculiarita piu diffusa nel periodocalcolitico; nella Vallassina e zone limitrofe si e potuto constatare che il seppellimentoin grotta e stato continuato fino al periodo romano: come lo testimoniano i ritrova-menti avvenuti nella grotta della Sabbia a Civate ed i ritrovamenti nel Bus de la Stria

关键词： Como UN’ALTRA GROTTA FUNERARIA RITROVATA NELLA VALLASSINA IN LOCALITA CANDALINO DI VALBRONA Pi La

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Quasi Exact Solution of the Fisher Equation

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第8期4卷 7-12页

作者： G. Dattoli E. Di Palma E. Sabia S. Licciardi ENEA-centro ricerche Frascati Via E. Fermi Frascati Italy

We propose an accurate non numerical solution of the Fisher Equation (FE), capable of reproducing the known analytical solutions and those obtained from a numerical analysis. The form we propose is based on educated g... 详细信息

关键词： Non-Linear Diffusion Equation Operational Calculus

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Photonic extreme learning machine by free-space optical propagation

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Photonics Research 2021年第8期9卷 1446-1454页

作者： DAVIDE PIERANGELI GIULIA MARCUCCI CLAUDIO CONTI Institute for Complex System National Research Council(ISC-CNR)00185 RomeItaly Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome00185 RomeItaly centro ricerche Enrico Fermi(CREF) 00184 RomeItaly Department of Physics University of OttawaOttawaOntario K1N 6N5Canada

Photonic brain-inspired platforms are emerging as novel analog computing devices,enabling fast and energyefficient operations for machine *** artificial neural networks generally require tailored optical elements,such as integrated photonic circuits,engineered diffractive layers,nanophotonic materials,or time-delay schemes,which are challenging to train or ***,we present a neuromorphic photonic scheme,i.e.,the photonic extreme learning machine,which can be implemented simply by using an optical encoder and coherent wave propagation in free *** realize the concept through spatial light modulation of a laser beam,with the far field acting as a feature mapping *** experimentally demonstrate learning from data on various classification and regression tasks,achieving accuracies comparable with digital kernel machines and deep photonic *** findings point out an optical machine learning device that is easy to train,energetically efficient,scalable,and fabrication-constraint *** scheme can be generalized to a plethora of photonic systems,opening the route to real-time neuromorphic processing of optical data.

关键词： extreme propagation free

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RED ESCRIPTION OF PRAON DORSALE (HALIDAY 1833) AND RESURRECTION OF PRAON LONGICORNE MARSHALL 1891:A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL DATA(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)

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Entomotaxonomia 1986年第Z1期 31-41页

作者： E.Tremblay,F.Pennacchio,L.Matrone,D.Piccolo Istituto di Entomologia agraria dell'Universita di Napoli Portici Istituto di Entomologia agraria dell'Universita di Napoli Portici Sezione Statistica centro Specilizzazionee ricerche Portici Sezione Statistica centro Specilizzazionee ricerche Portici

Specimens of a Praon species obtained in Italy from the large filbert aphid Corylobium avellanae Schrk. were compared with the British Museum types of Praon dorsale (Haliday 1833), and Praon longicorne Marshall 1891, the former recently considered a senior synonym of the latter. The comparison was carried out by utilizing two multivariate statistical approaches: Andrews plots and cluster analysis. Andrews plots have proven successful in morphometric comparison in anthropology between single human fossil specimens and series of individuals belonging to ape and human populations. The analysis were based on 11 morphological characters and 6 ratios between them. The comparison showed that the B.M. type of P. dorsale is homogeneous with the Italian population from C. avellanae,whereas the B.M. type of P. longicorne is characterized by morphological features which keep it separate from P. dorsale. A redescription of both species based on their well-preserved holotypes is given.

关键词： Redescription of two Praon species.

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CYP72A67 Catalyzes a Key Oxidative Step in Medicago truncatula Hemolytic Saponin Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2015年第10期8卷 1493-1506页

作者： Elisa Biazzi Maria Carelli Aldo Tava Pamela Abbruscato Ilaria Losini Pinarosa Avato Carla Scotti Ornella Calderini Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e I'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA) Centro di Ricerche per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero Casearie 26900 Lodi Italy Parco Tecnologico Padano 26900 Lodi Italy Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Universita degli Studi di Bad Aldo Moro 70125 Bari Italy Consiglio Nazionale delle ricerche (CNR) Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse 06128 Perugia Italy These authors contributed equally to this article.

In the Medicago genus, triterpenic saponins are bioactive secondary metabolites constitutively synthesized in the aerial and subterranean parts of plants via the isoprenoid pathway. Exploitation of saponins as pharmaceutics, agrochemicals and in the food and cosmetic industries has raised interest in identifying the enzymes involved in their synthesis. We have identified a cytochrome P450 （CYP72A67） involved in hemolytic sapogenin biosynthesis by a reverse genetic TILLING approach in a Medicago truncatula ethyl- methanesulfonate （EMS） mutagenized collection. Genetic and biochemical analyses, mutant complementation, and expression of the gene in a microsome yeast system showed that CYP72A67 is responsible for hydroxylation at the C-2 position downstream of oleanolic acid synthesis. The affinity of CYP72A67 for substrates with different substitutions at multiple carbon positions was investigated in the same in vitro yeast system, and in relation to two other CYP450s （CYP72A68） responsible for the production of medicagenic acid, the main sapogenin in M. truncatula leaves and roots. Full sib mutant and wild-type plants were compared for their sapogenin profile, expression patterns of the genes involved in sapogenin synthesis, and response to inoculation with Sinorhizobium meliloti. The results obtained allowed us to revise the hemolytic sapogenin pathway in M. truncatula and contribute to highlighting the tissue specificities （leaves/roots） of sapogenin synthesis.

关键词： Medicago truncatula saponin pathway cytochrome P450 CYP72A67 CYP72A68 TILLING analysis

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