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Development and application of a life cycle energy consumption and CO2emissions analysis model for high-speed railway transport in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第2期12卷 270-280页

作者： WANG Yan-Zhe ZHOU Sheng OU Xun-Min Tsinghua University-Zhang Jiagang Joint Institute for hydrogen energy and Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute of energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Tsinghua-Rio Tinto Joint Research centre for Resources Energy and Sustainable DevelopmentLaboratory for Low Carbon EnergyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China China Automotive energy Research Center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

China's high-speed railway(HSR)is booming recently,the HSR's performance of energy conservation and carbon reduction has attractedmuch *** study developed a new life cycle model of energy consumption and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions on China's HSR bylife cycle analysis(LCA),covering the stages of infrastructure,HSR train,and operation,based on the TLCAM(Tsinghua-LCA Model).A caseof the BeijingeShanghai HSR has been studied to show that the full life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions of HSR transportationare 0.4 MJ km1per capita and 0.04 kg CO2ekm1per capita,respectively,which are far less than aviation,gasoline vehicles,diesel vehicles,electric vehicles and public *** the cleaner power structure and the progress of HSR train technology,the energy consumption andcarbon emissions of HSR in 2020 could be reduced by 20%compared to *** study indicates that electricity generation mix structure andfull load rate are important factors influencing the life-cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions of HSR *** is recommendedto improve the coverage of HSR network,accelerate train upgrades,improve the full load rate of HSR trains,and promote the low-carbondevelopment of electricity supply to strengthen and realize the low-carbon advantage of HSR transport mode in *** transportationcan be used to achieve the low carbon transformation of China's transportation sector and improve oil supply safety situation.

关键词： High-speed railway transport Life cycle analysis energy consumption Greenhouse gas emissions China

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hydrogen Production Performances via Steam Reforming over Hydrotalcite Derived Catalyst: A Sustainable energy Production Review

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2020年第4期10卷 259-296页

作者： M. A. Salam T. Hossain N. Papri K. Ahmed M. S. Habib M. S. Uddin R. S. Wilckens hydrogen energy Laboratory BCSIR Laboratories Chittagong Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR) Bangladesh School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Birmingham United Kingdom

The review outcome represents the optimum catalytic conditions for the production of hydrogen using hydrotalcite derived catalysts. It covers dry and steam reforming of methane, steam reforming of methanol and ethanol to hydrogen. The review also revealed the specific properties of hydrotalcite derived catalysts for the reactions. Among catalyst investigated, Ni & Fe promoted Al-Mg containing hydrotalcite catalyst perform best (99%) for dry reforming of methane at 250°C. For steam methane reforming, Ni containing ca-aluminates hydrotalcite catalyst act as the best (99%) at 550°C. Cu-supported Zn-Al-containing catalyst performs the best (99.98%) for steam reforming of methanol at 300°C whereas Cu impregnated Mg-Al containing hydrotalcite is the best (99%) for steam reforming of ethanol at 200°C - 600°C. It’s (HT) tunable and versatile textural and morphological properties showed excellent catalytic performances for different industrial processes and in sustainable hydrogen production.

关键词： hydrogen Hydrotalcite-Derived Catalyst Catalytic Performance

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Rare Earth Elements(La,Ce,Pr)Modified Co/NC Catalyst for Efficient and Stable Ammonia Decomposition to hydrogen Production

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第6期39卷 1372-1378页

作者： ZHU Yi PAN Hongfei State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China National energy Key Laboratory for New hydrogen-ammonia energy Technologies Foshan Xianhu LaboratoryFoshan 528200China

Co/NC catalysts modified with rare earth elements(La,Ce,Pr)were prepared by pyrolysis of rare earth elements doped *** experimental results show that the modification of rare earth elements significantly improves the ammonia decomposition activity and stability of the Co/NC *** La-Co/NC catalyst can achieve an 82.3%ammonia decomposition and 18.4 mmol hydrogen production rate at 550℃with a GHSV of 20000 cm^(3)·h^(-1).Furthermore,no obvious performance degradation is observed after 72 hours of reaction for all rare earth elements modified *** is shown that the modification of rare earth elements significantly improves the surface alkalinity and surface chemical state of the catalyst,and thus improves the ammonia decomposition activity of the catalyst.A new type of high-performance ammonia decomposition Co-based catalyst is proposed,and the promoting effect of rare earth elements on the activity of ammonia decomposition is revealed.

关键词： hydrogen carrier hydrogen production ammonia decomposition rare earth elements cobalt-based catalysts

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Plasmonic tandem heterojunctions enable high-efficiency charge transfer for broad spectrum photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 710-720页

作者： Wenxuan Chen Xiu-Qing Qiao Guo Hui Bojing Sun Dongfang Hou Meidi Wang Xueqian Wu Tao Wu Dong-Sheng Li College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry Jinan University

Rational engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production is of great significance but still challenging,primarily due to the limitations in charge transfer ***,a fascinating plasmonic tandem heterojunction with the hc-CdS/Mo2C@C heterostructure is aimfully prepared for effectively promoting the charge separation kinetics of the CdS photocatalyst via the synergistic strategy of phase junction,Schottky junction,and photothermal *** difference in atomic configuration between cubic-CdS （c-CdS） and hexagonal-CdS （h-CdS） leads to effective charge separation through a typical Ⅱ charge transfer mechanism,and plasmonic Schottky junction further extracts the electrons in the hc-CdS phase junction to realize gradient charge ***,the photothermal effect of Mo2C@C helps to expand the light absorption,accelerate charge transfer kinetics,and reduce the hydrogen evolution energy *** carbon layer provides a fast channel for charge transfer and protects the photocatalyst from *** a result,the optimized hc-CMC photocatalyst exhibits a significantly high photocatalytic H2production activity of 28.63 mmol/g/h and apparent quantum efficiency of 61.8%,surpassing most of the reported *** study provides a feasible strategy to enhance the charge transfer kinetics and photocatalytic activity of CdS by constructing plasmonic tandem heterogeneous junctions.

关键词： Cadmium sulfide

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Growth behavior and electronic regulation of Pt on various Mo-based supports for hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Lulu Chen Yichao Huang Jiajun Wang Meihong Liao Zhiyuan Liu Meiqi Liu Hanqing Cai Lin Wang Lidong Gao Dawei Hu Lianming Zhao Ning Pu Zhuangjun Fan State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Qingdao Binhai University Qingdao Chuangqi New energy Catalysis Technology Co.Ltd. Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.Ltd. Institute of energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center

Insight into the growth behavior and electronic regulation of platinum （Pt） on various transition metal supports is paramount in developing high-performing electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions （HER）.Herein,we studied the influence of molybdenum-based supports （MoX,X=C,N,P,and S） on the growth behavior and electronic regulation of *** found that the formation energy variations between Pt single atom and clusters on MoX supports play a pivotal role in the growth behavior of ***,the electronic regulation of Pt induced by metal-support interaction may reflect the valence changes of Pt in Pt-MoX/*** Pt-MoC/C catalyst with a moderate valence state of Pt exhibits the best HER activity with an overpotential of 12.0 mV at 10 mA cm-2and a mass activity of 27.1 A mgPt-1,12.3 times as high as that of commercial 20 wt% Pt/*** work provides constructive guidance for the design of high-performance HER catalysts.

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Experimental Investigation for NO_x Emission Reduction in hydrogen Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Using Spark Timing Retardation, Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Water Injection Techniques

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第4期28卷 789-800页

作者： JEERAGAL Ramesh K.A.Subramanian Engines and Unconventional Fuels Laboratory Centre for Energy Studies IIT Delhi

The experimental tests were carried out on a single cylinder hydrogen fueled spark ignition(SI)generator set with different spark timings(4-20℃A bTDC),exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)up to 28% by volume and water injection up to 1.95 kg/h(maximum water to fuel mass ratio of 8:1).The engine speed was kept constant of 3000 r/*** NOx emission and thermal efficiency of engine with gasoline and hydrogen fuel operation at 1.4 kW power output are 5 g/kWh and 12.1 g/kWh,and 15% and 20.9% *** order to reduce the NOx emission at source level,retarding spark timing,exhaust gas recirculation(EGR),and water injection techniques were *** emission decreased with spark timing retardation,EGR,and water *** emission with hydrogen at 1.4 kW power output decreased from 12.1 g/kWh with maximum brake torque(MBT)spark timing(10℃A bTDC)to 8.1 g/kWh with retarded spark timing(4℃A bTDC)due to decrease in the in-cylinder peak pressure and *** Nox emission decreased to 6.1 g/kWh with 20% EGR due to thermal and chemical dilution ***,thermal efficiency decreased about 33% and 17% with spark timing retardation and 20EGR respectively as compared to that of MBT spark ***,in the case of water injection,the NOx emission decreased significantly without affecting the thermal efficiency of the engine and it is 5.6 g/kWh with water-hydrogen ratio of 4:1(water flow rate of 0.92 kg/h).Water injection is the best suitable method to reduce the NOx emission in a hydrogen fueled engine compared with the spark timing retardation and EGR technique.

关键词： hydrogen spark ignition engine spark timing exhaust gas recirculation NOx emission water injection

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Unraveling the Effect of Solvent Additive and Fullerene Component on Morphological Control in Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第12期40卷 1604-1612,I0008页

作者： Lei Zhu Quan-Zeng Zhang Hong Ding Ming Zhang Xiao-Nan Xue Wen-Kai Zhong Zi-Chun Zhou Jin-Qiu Xu Wei Feng Ye-Cheng Zou Yong-Ming Zhang Feng Liu Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules In-situ Center for Physical Scienceand Center of Hydrogen ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future hydrogen energy Materials Company Zibo 256401China

The manipulation of the morphology of the active layers is crucial for improving the performance of organic photovoltaic(OPV)devices. In particular, the development of non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs) has led to a large number of new materials with more complex interactions. Therefore, the investigation on the morphology control mechanism is the key aspect in providing guidance for material design and device optimization. In this study, the film morphology optimization using 1,8-diiodooctane(DIO) additive and a ternary fullerene acceptor strategy have been carried out based on the PCE10:ITIC blends. It is seen that suitable amount of DIO helps to increase the crystallization of the blended thin film. However, excessive DIO elevates the crystallization-induced phase separation and the domain size can exceed the exciton diffusion length, leading to efficiency drop. The addition of fullerene acceptor can improve the carrier transport of the blends, and its presence could retard the excessive phase separation induced by DIO additive. Under the joint optimization of the solvent additive and PCBM acceptor,the film morphology achieves a balance between crystallization and phase separation scales, the exciton diffusion and carrier transport are also optimized, and the short-circuit current(JSC) and fill factor(FF) of the device can be improved significantly.

关键词： Organic solar cells Morphology Solvent additive Crystallization-induced phase separation

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Modeling of hydrogen Blending on the Leakage and Diffusion of Urban Buried hydrogen-Enriched Natural Gas Pipeline

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1315-1337页

作者： Yue Su Jingfa Li Bo Yu Yanlin Zhao Dongxu Han Dongliang Sun Beijing Key Laboratory of Process Fluid Filtration and Separation College of Mechanical and Transportation EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China School of Mechanical Engineering&hydrogen energy Research centre Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China

With the introduction of various carbon reduction policies around the world,hydrogen energy,as a kind of clean energy with zero carbon emission,has attracted much *** safe and economical transportation of hydrogen is of great significance to the development of hydrogen energy *** natural gas pipelines to transport hydrogen is considered to be an efficient and economical ***,hydrogen has a higher risk of leakage due to its strong diffusion capacity and lower explosive limit than conventional natural ***,it is of great significance to study the leakage and diffusion law of hydrogen-enriched natural gas(HENG)pipelines for the safe transportation of hydrogen *** this study,the leakage and diffusion characteristics of urban buried HENG pipelines are investigated numerically,and the dangerous degree of leakage is analyzed based on the time and area when the gas concentration reaches the lower explosive *** influences of hydrogen blending ratio(HBR),operating pressure,leakage hole size and direction,as well as soil type on the leakage and diffusion law of HENG are *** show that the hydrogen mixing is not the key factor in increasing the degree of risk after gas leakage for urban buried HENG *** the HBR is 5%,10%,15% and 20%,the corresponding first dangerous time is 1053,1041,1019 and 998 s,*** is expected to provide a valuable reference for the safe operation and risk prevention of HENG pipelines in the future.

关键词： hydrogen energy pipeline leakage diffusion characteristics explosive limit transportation safety

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Design and implementation of China hydrogen Price Index system

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Clean energy 2023年第1期7卷 148-156页

作者： Wei Liu Yanming Wan Yan Zhang Qi Liu China hydrogen Alliance Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing100007China Guohua energy Investment Co. LtdBeijing100007China

hydrogen will be an important part of China’s energy system in the future and an important carrier for energy-using terminals to realize green and low-carbon *** is important to establish a nationwide hydrogen market to promote the healthy and orderly development of the hydrogen industry *** core is to form a complete hydrogen price mechanism and play a decisive role in the process of resource allocation by the *** this paper,we have developed the framework of the‘China hydrogen Price Index’system by establishing the‘Assessment+Collection’model,which covers four types of hydrogen:hydrogen,clean hydrogen,renewable hydrogen and high-purity *** model considers the raw materials required for hydrogen production,fixed equipment,engineering construction costs and carbon prices,and conducts sensitivity analysis on the trends and influencing factors of national and regional hydrogen prices of multiple categories since *** results show that,with respect to the level of hydrogen prices,fossil-energy-rich and renewable-energy-rich areas have more advantages than other *** price of raw materials is the main factor of the hydrogen price change,and the utilization hours of renewable energy and hydrogen production equipment have a key influence on the price of renewable ***,by establishing an index update mechanism,improving the standard system and building a trading platform,we can further exert the role of price signals and continue to promote the efficient and smooth expansion of the domestic hydrogen market.

关键词： hydrogen price index market price

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In situ High-energy Synchrotron X-ray Studies in Thermodynamics of Mg-In-Ti hydrogen Storage System

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energy Material Advances 2023年第1期4卷 548-558页

作者： Wen Zhu Li Ren Yinghui Li Chong Lu Xi Lin Qiuyu Zhang Xue Yang Zhigang Hu Tao Cheng Yingyan Zhao Jianxin Zou National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloys Net Forming&State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240PR China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Mg Materials and Applications and School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240PR China Shanghai Key Laboratory of hydrogen Science and Center of hydrogen Science Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240PR China Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing100083PR China

Achieving dual regulation of the kinetics and thermodynamics of MgH_(2) is essential for the practical *** this study,a novel nanocomposite(In@Ti-MX)architected from single-/few-layered Ti_(3)C_(2) MXenes and ultradispersed indium nanoparticles was prepared by a bottom-up self-assembly strategy and introduced into MgH_(2) to solve the above-mentioned *** MgH_(2)+In@Ti-MX composites demonstrate excellent hydrogen storage performance:The resultant In@Ti-MX demonstrated a positive effect on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2)/Mg:the dehydrogenated rate of MgH_(2)+15 wt%In@Ti-MX reached the maximum at 330°C,which was 47°C lower than that of commercial MgH_(2);The hydrogenation enthalpy of the dehydrided MgH_(2)+15 wt%In@Ti-MX and MgH_(2)+25 wt%In@Ti-MX were determined to be−66.2±1.1 and−61.7±1.4 kJ·mol^(−1) H_(2).In situ high-energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction technique together with other microstructure analyses revealed that synergistic effects from Ti_(3)C_(2) MXenes and In nanoparticles(NPs)contributed to the improved kinetics and thermodynamics of MgH_(2)(Mg):Ti/TiH_(2) derived from Ti_(3)C_(2) MXenes accelerated the dissociation and recombination of hydrogen molecule/atoms,while In NPs reduced the thermodynamic stability of MgH_(2) by forming the Mg-In *** a strategy of using dual-active hybrid structures to modify MgH_(2)/Mg provides a new insight for tuning both the hydrogen storage kinetics and thermodynamics of Mg-based hydrides.

关键词： microstructure kinetics thermodynamics

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