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Measurement and theoretical analysis of the adsorption of supercritical methane on superactivated carbon

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Science China Chemistry 2000年第2期43卷 143-153页

作者：周理李明周亚平 hydrogen energy Research Center Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Chemistry Tianjin University Tianjin China

Adsorption/desorption isotherms of supercritical methane on superactivated carbon have been measured in the range of 0–10 MPa and 233–333 K (20 K interval). The reversibility of the physical adsorption process is acknowledged. The heat of adsorption of 16.5 kJ/mol is determined from the isotherms, and a new modeling strategy for isotherms with maximum is presented. The model yields fits to the experimental isotherms with precision of ±2%, maintaining the constancy of the characteristic energy of adsorption. The exponent of the model equation expresses the pore size distribution feature of the adsorbent. The density of the supercritical adsor-bate is evaluated as a parameter of the model. It is shown that the conventional isotherm theory works too at supercritical condition if the limit state of supercritical adsorption is introduced into isotherm modeling.

关键词： adsorption of methane activated carbon supercritical adsorption linearization adsorption model.

Recent advances in catalytic systems for CO_(2) conversion to substitute natural gas(SNG):Perspective and challenges

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 377-407,I0008页

作者： I.Hussain A.A.Jalil N.S.Hassan M.Y.S.Hamid Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Johor BahruJohorMalaysia School of Chemical and energy Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Johor BahruJohorMalaysia centre of hydrogen energy Institute of Future Energy81310 UTM Johor BahruJohorMalaysia

It has been well established that carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is one of the main greenhouse gasses and a leading driver of climate *** chemical conversion of CO_(2) to substitute natural gas(SNG)in the presence of renewable hydrogen is one of the most promising solutions by a well-known process called CO_(2) *** have been comprehensive efforts in developing effective and efficient CO_(2) methanation catalytic ***,the choice of competitive and stable catalysts is still a monumental obstruction and a great challenge towards the commercialization and industrialization of CO_(2) *** is necessary to emphasize the critical understandings of intrinsic and extrinsic interactions of catalyst components(active metal,support,promoter,etc.)for enhanced catalytic performance and stability during CO_(2) *** study reviews the up-to-date developments on CO_(2) methanation catalysts and the optimal synergistic relationship between active metals,support,and promoters during the catalytic *** existing catalysts and their novel properties for enhanced CO_(2) methanation were elucidated using the state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical *** selection of an appropriate synthesis method,catalytic activity for CO_(2) methanation,deactivation of the catalysts,and reaction mechanisms studies,have been explicitly compared and ***,future efforts should be directed towards the sustainable developments of catalytic configurations for successful industrial applications of CO_(2) utilization to SNG using CO_(2) methanation.

关键词： CO_(2)utilization CO_(2)methanation SNG Catalytic systems Deactivation Mechanism

Advances in Cost-Efficient Thin-Film Photovoltaics Based on Cu（In,Ga）Se2

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Engineering 2017年第4期3卷 445-451页

作者： Michael Powalla Stefan Paetel Dimitrios Hariskos Roland Wuerz Friedrich Kessler Peter Lechner Wiltraud Wischmann Theresa Magorian Friedlmeier centre for Solar energy and hydrogen Research Baden-Wiirttemberg (ZSW) Stuttgart 70563 Germany

In this article, we discuss the leading thin-film photovoltaic （PV） technology based on the Cu（ln,Ga）Se2 （CIGS） compound semiconductor. This contribution includes a general comparison with the conventional Si-wafer-based PV technology and discusses the basics of the CIGS technology as well as advances in world-record-level conversion efficiency, production, applications, stability, and future developments with respect to a flexible product. Once in large-scale mass production, the CIGS technology has the highest potential of all PV technologies for cost-efficient clean energy generation.

关键词： Thin-film photovoltaics Solar energy Flexible Cu(In Ga)Se2

Wind energy as a source of green hydrogen production in the USA

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Clean energy 2023年第1期7卷 8-22页

作者： Ashish Sedai Rabin Dhakal Shishir Gautam Bijaya Kumar Sedhain Biraj Singh Thapa Hanna Moussa Suhas Pol National Wind Institute Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79401USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79401USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Tribhuvan UniversityPurbanchal CampusDharanNepal Green hydrogen Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal Wind energy Program Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79401USA

The study incorporates an overview of the green hydrogen-production potential from wind energy in the USA,its application in power generation and the scope of substituting grey and blue hydrogen for industrial *** 10 million metric tons of grey and blue hydrogen is produced in the USA annually to fulfil the industrial demand,whereas,for 1 million metric tons of hydrogen generated,13 million metric tons of CO_(2) are released into the *** research aims to provide a state-of-the-art review of the green hydrogen technology value chain and a case study on the production of green hydrogen from an 8-MW wind turbine installed in the southern plain region of *** research estimates that the wind-farm capacity of 130 gigawatt-hours is required to substitute grey and blue hydrogen for fulfilling the current US annual industrial hydrogen demand of 10 million metric *** study investi-gates hydrogen-storage methods and the scope of green hydrogen-based storage facilities for energy produced from a wind *** research focuses on the USA’s potential to meet all its industrial and other hydrogen application requirements through green hydrogen.

关键词： green hydrogen wind energy electrolysis greenhouse gases

Functional ceramic support as an independent catalyst layer for direct liquid fuel solid oxide fuel cells

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第3期12卷 474-486页

作者： Jie Luo Kai Zhao Jishi Zhao Jun Li Yihui Liu Dongchu Chen Qing Xu Min Chen School of Materials Science and hydrogen energy Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China Guangdong Key Laboratory for hydrogen energy Technologies Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China Foshan Institute of Environment and energy Technology Foshan 528000China R&D Center of hydrogen energy Standardization Yunfu 527300China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components&Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

A porous ceramic support is designed as a multi-functional independent catalyst layer for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)running on liquid hydrocarbon *** layer consists of a highly porous Ce_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)O_(2−δ)ceramic backbone and active NiMo catalysts,which could be integrated into the conventional Ni metal containing the anode for internal reforming of the hydrocarbon *** to conventional catalyst layers sintered on the anodes,this independent catalyst layer could be simply assembled on top of the anode without additional sintering,thereby avoiding the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient between the catalyst layer and the anode and improving stability of a single ***,a current collector layer could be inserted between the catalyst and the anode to enhance current collection efficiency and electrochemical performance of the single *** 750℃,the independent catalyst layer displays high activity towards the catalytic decomposition of methanol,and the single cell could achieve the maximum power density of 400–500 mW·cm^(−2)in dry ***,by employing the independent catalyst layer,the single cell offers additional in-situ catalyst regeneration capability under the methanol operation *** 10 mL·min−1 air into an anode channel for 5 min is found to be effective to burn out carbon species in the catalyst layer,which reduces the degradation rate of the cell voltage by orders of magnitude from 2.6 to 0.024 mV·h−1 during the operation of 360 h in dry *** results demonstrate the significance of the independent catalyst layer design for direct internal reforming methanol fuel cells.

关键词： independent catalyst layer NiMo-Ce_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)O_(2−δ)catalyst internal reforming methanol solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)

Comparison of Perovskite Systems Based on AFeO_(3)(A=Ce,La,Y)in CO_(2) hydrogenation to CO

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第4期30卷 337-358页

作者： Anna N.Matveyeva Shamil O.Omarov Laboratory of Materials and Processes for hydrogen energy Ioff e Institute194021 St.PetersburgRussia

CO_(2) is the most cost-eff ective and abundant carbon resource,while the reverse water-gas reaction(rWGS)is one of the most eff ective methods of CO_(2) *** work presents a comparative study of rWGS activity for perovskite systems based on AFeO_(3)(where A=Ce,La,Y).These systems were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis(SCS)with diff erent ratios of fuel(glycine)and oxidizer(φ),diff erent amounts of NH 4 NO_(3),and the addition of alumina or silica as *** techniques,including X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,N 2-physisorption,H_(2) temper-ature-programmed reduction,temperature-programmed desorption of H_(2) and CO_(2),Raman spectroscopy,and in situ FTIR,were used to relate the physicochemical properties with the catalytic performance of the obtained *** specifi c perovskite-containing system(either bulk or supported)has its own optimalφand NH_(4) NO_(3) amount to achieve the highest yield and dispersion of the perovskite *** all synthesized systems,bulk SCS-derived La-Fe-O systems showed the highest resistance to reducing environments and the easiest hydrogen desorption,outperforming La-Fe-O produced by solgel combustion(SGC).CO_(2) conversion into CO at 600°C for bulk ferrite systems,depending on the A-cation type and preparation method,follows the order La(SGC)hydrogenation occurs through formates generated under reaction conditions on the bulk system based on La-Fe-O,obtained by the SCS method.γ-Al_(2)O_(3) improves the dispersion of CeFeO_(3) and LaFeO_(3) phases,the specifi c surface area,and the quant

关键词： Perovskites LaFeO_(3) CeFeO_(3) YFeO_(3) Solution combustion synthesis CO_(2) hydrogenation Reverse water–gas reaction(rWGS)

Efficient synthesis of IrPtPdNi/GO nanocatalysts for superior performance in water electrolysis

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Nano Research 2024年第11期17卷 10208-10215页

作者： Sanha Jang Young Hwa Yun Jin Gyu Lee Kyung Hee Oh Shin Wook Kang Jung-Il Yang MinJoong Kim Changsoo Lee Ji Chan Park Clean Fuel Research Laboratory Korea Institute of Energy Research Daejeon 34129 Korea hydrogen Research Department Korea Institute of Energy Research Daejeon 34129 Korea energy Engineering University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Korea

Traditional iridium (Ir) oxide catalysts have faced significant limitations in water electrolysis, particularly under acidic conditions where instability and degradation severely restrict the efficiency of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To overcome these challenges, this study successfully synthesized highly dispersed IrPtPdNi alloy nanoparticles on a graphene oxide support using a vertically moving reactor, demonstrating exceptional performance in water electrolysis. These nanoparticles, synthesized via a fast-moving bed pyrolysis method, combine iridium, platinum, palladium, and nickel. They exhibit lower overpotentials in OER and comparable performance in HER to commercial catalysts, while also offering enhanced stability. These results surpass the limitations of traditional catalysts, marking significant progress toward more efficient and sustainable hydrogen production technologies. This advancement is expected to contribute significantly to the development of sustainable energy systems by innovatively enhancing the performance of catalysts in the electrochemical water-splitting process.

关键词： multicomponent nanoparticles rapid synthesis water electrolysis alloy iridium cat

Simulation of mass balance behavior in a large-scale circulating fluidized bed reactor

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Particuology 2016年第2期14卷 51-58页

作者： Artur Blaszczuk Anna Zylka Jacek Leszczynski Czestochowa University of Technology Institute of Advanced Energy Technologies Dabrowskiego 73 42-200 Czestochowa Poland AGH University Science and Technology Faculty of Energy and Fuels Department of Hydrogen Energy Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Cracow Poland

We determine using a compound model the influence of the mass of granular matter on the behavior of a supercritical circulating fluidized bed （CFB） reactor. Population balance enables a stationary-regime modeling of the mass flow of granular matter inside a CFB unit in a large-scale. The simulation includes some important dynamic processes of gas-particle flows in fluidized bed such as attrition, fragmenta- tion, elutriation, and fuel combustion. Numerical calculations with full boiler loading were performed of operational parameters such as furnace temperature, furnace pressure, feeding materials mass flows, and excess air ratio. Furthermore, three bed inventory masses were adopted as experimental variables in the simulation model of mass balance. This approach enables a sensitivity study of mass flows of granular matter inside a CFB facility. Some computational results from this population balance model obtained for a supercritical CFB reactor are presented that show consistency with the operational data for large-scale CFB units.

关键词： Bed inventory mass Mass flow of solids Circulating fluidized bed Population mass balance mode Sensitivity analysis

Structural engineering of hard carbon through spark plasma sintering for enhanced sodium-ion storage

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4274-4285页

作者： Hao-Ming Xiao Heng Zheng Ping Yuan Jun-Hui Luo Lin-Lin Shen Jie-Feng Tan Xian-You Luo De Li Yong Chen Guangdong Key Laboratory for hydrogen energy Technologies School of Materials Science and Hydrogen EnergyFoshan UniversityFoshan 528000China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti ResourcesHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Hard carbon(HC)has emerged as one of the superior anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),with its electrochemical performance significantly influenced by the presence of oxygen functional groups and its closed pore ***,current research on the structural adjustment of these oxygen functional groups and the closed pore architecture within HC remains ***,energy-efficient and contamination-free spark plasma sintering technology was employed to tune the structure of coconut-shell HC,resulting in significant adjustments to the content of carboxyl(decreasing from 5.71 at%to 2.12 at%)and hydroxyl groups(decreasing from 7.73 at%to 6.26 at%).Crucially,these modifications reduced the irreversible reaction of oxygen functional groups with Na^(+).Simultaneously,a substantial number of closed pores with an average diameter of 1.22 nm were generated within the HC,offering an ideal environment for efficient Na^(+)*** structural changes resulted in a remarkable improvement in the electrochemical performance of the modified *** reversible specific capacity of the modified HC surged from 73.89 mAh·g^(-1)to an impressive 251.97 m Ah·g^(-1)at a current density of 50 mA·g^(-1).Even at 400 mA·g^(-1),the reversible specific capacity increased significantly from 14.55 to 85.44 mAh·g^(-1).Hence,this study provides a novel perspective for designing tailored HC materials with the potential to develop high-performance SIBs.

关键词： Hard carbon Spark plasma sintering Sodiumion batteries Closed pores Oxygen functional groups