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Advancing space-based gravitational wave astronomy: Rapid parameter estimation via normalizing flows

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 20-33页

作者： Minghui Du Bo Liang He Wang Peng Xu Ziren Luo Yueliang Wu Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment National Microgravity LaboratoryInstitute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Gravitational Wave Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China International centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe(Beijing/Hangzhou) University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Lanzhou Center of Theoretical Physics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Hangzhou Institute for advanced study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Gravitational wave(GW) astronomy is witnessing a transformative shift from terrestrial to space-based detection, with missions like Taiji at the forefront. While the transition brings unprecedented opportunities for exploring massive black hole binaries(MBHBs), it also imposes complex challenges in data analysis, particularly in parameter estimation amidst confusion *** this gap, we utilize scalable normalizing flow models to achieve rapid and accurate inference within the Taiji environment. Innovatively, our approach simplifies the data's complexity, employs a transformation mapping to overcome the year-period time-dependent response function, and unveils additional multimodality in the arrival time parameter. Our method estimates MBHBs several orders of magnitude faster than conventional techniques, maintaining high accuracy even in complex backgrounds. These findings significantly enhance the efficiency of GW data analysis, paving the way for rapid detection and alerting systems and enriching our ability to explore the universe through space-based GW observation.

关键词： Taiji program gravitational wave detection parameter estimation machine learning

Highly efficient tunable photodetector with a bipolar response in van der Waals heterojunctions

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 639-646页

作者： SHI ChaoFan ZHANG Shi XIAO KeNing ZHANG LiBo HAN Li ZHU YuLin TANG WeiWei LIU ChangLong LI GuanHai CHEN XiaoShuang College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310024China State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

The heterojunction integration of two-dimensional(2D)materials via van der Waals(vdW)forces,unencumbered by lattice and processing constraints,constitutes an efficacious approach to enhance the overall optoelectronic performance of photodetectors,due to an assortment of distinctive light-matter ***,vdW heterojunction photodetectors based on transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)face an inevitable trade-off between low dark currents and high responsivity,curtailing the application potential of myriad novel optoelectronic components in sensing,spectral,and communication *** this study,we present the successful actualization of a highly sensitive,self-powered,and gate-tunable bipolar response *** mechanisms underlying photocurrent generation were scrutinized via bias-,power-,and position-dependent mapping photoresponse measurements,identifying the photovoltaic effect,which is attributable to the Schottky junction’s built-in electric field,as the predominant *** prototype Au-WS2-graphene photodetector exhibits a remarkable light on/off ratio of 1.2×10^(6),a specific detectivity of 6.12×10^(11)cm H^(z1/2)W^(-1)with 20μs response time at 638 *** wide gate-tunable responsivity provides an adjustability scope,ranging from 0.9 to 3.1 A W^(-1).Notably,the device demonstrates an exceptional linear photocurrent response,with a linear dynamic range(LDR)value approximating 130 dB,which significantly surpasses that of other photodetectors based on TMDs.

关键词： WS2/graphene van der Waals heterojunction gate-tunable bipolar response

Sedimentary facies analysis of a thin-bed-dominated turbidite succession in the Miocene Temburong Formation,Kampung Bebuloh,Labuan Island,Malaysia

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 401-429页

作者： Farah Syafira Burhanuddin Meor Hakif Amir Hassan Department of geology Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Thin-bedded turbidites are important hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs in many mature fields throughout the *** type of turbidite depositional setting strongly influences vertical and horizontal continuity of the ***,distinguishing between lobe and levee associated thin-bedded turbidites remains challenging due to their generally similar facies *** study aims to contribute some insights to this problem by conducting a detailed bed-scale facies analysis on the Early Miocene Temburong Formation exposed at Kampung Bebuloh,Labuan Island,Malaysia,which may uncover features that can help in differentiating between both depositional *** facies are recognized in the Temburong Formation,which are interpreted as low density turbidites(F1-F4),hybrid event beds(F5),and sustained turbidites(F6).Detailed facies and ichnology analysis reveal features which are consistent with a lobe fringe deposit rather than leveeassociated environment interpretation,including tabular bed geometries,presence of hybrid event beds,and the absence of thick-bedded channel-fill *** facies associations are identified and interpreted as representing sub-environments within an overall lobe depositional setting.A diverse trace fossil assemblage,comprising the Nereites ichnofacies is consistent with a deep marine *** identification of the Paleodictyon and Nereites sub-ichnofacies indicates a distal turbidite system setting,most likely lobe *** on the thick accumulation of FA2 and FA3 and no distinct observable vertical trend,the Early Miocene Temburong Formation in Labuan is interpreted as turbidites deposited at the fringes of lobe complexes rather than a single lobe *** works into the Temburong Formation in SW Labuan proposed a middle slope to proximal basin floor setting where the thin-bedded intervals were interpreted as potentially representing either levee deposits or the fringes of confined lobe ***

关键词： Facies analysis Trace fossils Depositional lobes Hybrid event beds Lobe fringe Temburong formation Thin-bedded turbidite

Topological pseudospin switcher:Mechanism and acoustic realization

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 46-53页

作者： Jia-He Chen Yiyin Chen Yaoqieyu Song Yongxu Xu Xinrong Li Jingsong Wang Jiawei He Jiaxu Qu Zheng Li Xiaofei Li Wenqiang Lin Jiannan Chen Caixing Fu Zhi Hong Hang School of Physical Science and Technology&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute for advanced study Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Provincial Key Lab of Thin Films Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

The control of the pseudospin of sound wave has attracted increasing attention in recent *** the finite-size effect of topological acoustics,we successfully construct an H-shaped acoustic topological pseudospin switcher that sound wave energy can be easily switched through different *** interesting phenomenon of pseudospin flipping is numerically and experimentally demonstrated.A quantitative interference theory is proposed that the constructive and destructive interference of pseudospin states leads to pseudospin flipping and preserving in multiple *** verify the key parameters of the design,including the length of the passage and its interface state dispersion,and the theory can be extended to other topology acoustics and photonics ***,the tunable topological sonic crystal we use provides adjustable convenience to pseudospin switcher *** pseudospin switching behavior offers an efficient method to control the acoustic topological edge state transport,which has great potential in versatile applications,such as integrated acoustics,acoustic security,and information processing.

关键词： topological acoustics realization

Supermassive Primordial Black Holes for Nano-Hertz Gravitational Waves and High-redshift JWST Galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 3-8页

作者： Hai-Long Huang Yong Cai Jun-Qian Jiang Jun Zhang Yun-Song Piao School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Astrophysics School of Physics Zhengzhou University International centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recently, observational hints for supermassive black holes have been accumulating, prompting the question: Can primordial black holes（PBHs） be supermassive, particularly with masses M?10～9M⊙? A supercritical bubble,containing an inflating baby universe, that nucleated during inflation can evolve into a PBH in our observable universe. We find that when the inflaton slowly transitions past a neighboring vacuum, the nucleation rate of supercritical bubbles inevitably peaks, leading to a mass distribution of multiverse PBHs with a peak mass up to M?1011M⊙. Thus, our mechanism naturally provides a primordial origin for supermassive black holes.

关键词： (cosmology:) early universe (cosmology:) inflation (galaxies:) quasars: supermassive black holes

Effect of thermal maturation and organic matter content on oil shale fracturing

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 16-34页

作者： Fatemeh Saberi Mahboubeh Hosseini‑Barzi Department of geology and Geological Engineering University of North Dakota264 Centennial DriveGrand ForksNDUSA Department of geology and Petroleum Basins Shahid Beheshti University of TehranTehranTehran ProvinceIran

The Pabdeh Formation represents organic matter enrichment in some oil fields,which can be considered a source *** study is based on the Rock–Eval,Iatroscan,and electron microscopy imaging results before and after heating the *** discovered this immature shale that undergoes burial and diagenesis,in which organic matter is converted into *** migration is the process that transports hydrocarbons in the source *** investigated this phenomenon by developing a model that simulates hydrocarbon generation and fluid pressure during kerogen-to-hydrocarbon *** initially formed at the tip/edge of kerogen and were filled with hydrocarbons,but as catagenesis progressed,the pressure caused by the volume increase of kerogen decreased due to hydrocarbon *** transformation of solid kerogen into low-density bitumen/oil increased the pressure,leading to the development of damage zones in the source *** Pabdeh Formation’s small porethroats hindered effective expulsion,causing an increase in pore fluid pressure inside the initial *** stress accumulated due to hydrocarbon production,reaching the rock’s fracture strength,further contributed to damage zone *** the expansion process,microfractures preferentially grew in low-strength pathways such as lithology changes,laminae boundaries,and pre-existing *** the porous pressure created by each kerogen overlapped,individual microfractures interconnected,forming a network of microfractures within the source *** research sheds light on the complex interplay between temperature,hydrocarbon generation,and the development of expulsion fractures in the Pabdeh Formation,providing valuable insights for understanding and optimizing hydrocarbon extraction in similar geological settings.

关键词： Oil shale Microfracture Hydrocarbon generation Organic matter Thermal maturation Primary migration

n-Alkane bound biomarker fingerprints from asphaltenes in the bitumens of Eastern Dahomey Basin,Nigeria:Source and genetic implications

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 85-91页

作者： Modupe A.Egbeola Olubunmi C.Adeigbe Olajide J.Adamolekun Department of geology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Structural geology and Tectonics Institute of Applied GeosciencesKIT-Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyAdenauerring 20a76131KarlsruheGermany

The asphaltene fractions of the bitumens of Eastern Dahomey Basin in Nigeria,were analyzed by flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography(Py-GC)method in order to unravel its geochemical history and *** distributions of the initial biomarkers of the original oils from the pyrolysates are related to the assessment of organic matter source,paleo-redox conditions and source environment during ***,it effectively establishes the genetic relationship of the *** n-alkane distributions in the pyrolysates reveal nC_(9)-nC_(32)n-alkanes,maximizing at nC_(14),isoprenoids-pristane(Pr)and phytane(Ph),and some n-alkene *** peaks of low to medium-weight nC_(9)-nC20 n-alkanes and low peaks of nC_(21)+n-alkanes characterize the *** reveal that abundant algal organic matter with some terrigenous inputs contributed to the source rock of the *** high concentration of marine organic matter inputs to the source rock is further confirmed by the nC_(17)/nC27 ratios which range from 5.39 to 19.82 and shows the predominance of nC_(17)*** general unimodal n-alkane distributions in the bitumens indicate derivation from similar organic matter types showing that they are genetically *** anoxic to suboxic environmental conditions that prevailed during the deposition of the sediments is revealed by the isoprenoids,Pr/Ph ratios(0.72-1.28).Pristane/nC_(17)and Phytane/nC_(18)range from 0.16 to 0.33 and 0.22 to 0.56,revealing that the bitumens were from predominantly marine organic matter(type II kerogen)preserved in a reducing environment with no evidence of ***,the Ph/nC_(18)ratio and the cross plot of Pr+Ph/nC_(17)+nC_(18)allow the classification of the bitumens into two subfamilies/groups(A and B).The bitumen samples have low wax content as indicated by the degree of waxiness ranging from 0.21 to 0.38 which confirms low terrigenous *** on the carbon preference index(CPI:0.92 to 1.55)and odd-even predo

关键词： Genetic relationship Flash pyrolysis Biomarker Asphaltene Pyrolysates

Granular Ionogel Particle Inks for 3D Printed Tough and Stretchable Ionotronics

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 429-442页

作者： Yuan Yao Yue Hui Zhenhua Wang Hehao Chen Heng Zhu Nanjia Zhou Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024Zhejiang ProvinceChina School of Chemical Engineering and advanced Materials the University of AdelaideAdelaide 5005South AustraliaAustralia State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power&Mechatronic System Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang ProvinceCenter for X-MechanicsDepartment of Engineering MechanicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Ionogels have garnered great attention as promising soft conducting materials for the fabrication of flexible energy storage devices,soft actuators,and ***,the leakage of the ionic liquids,weak mechanical strength,and poor manufacturability have greatly limited their reliability and ***,we propose a new ionogel synthesis strategy by utilizing granular zwitterionic microparticles to stabilize ionic *** ionic liquids swell the microparticles and physically crosslink microparticles via either electronic interaction or hydrogen *** introducing a photocurable acrylic monomer enables the fabrication of double-network(DN)ionogels with high stretchability(>600%)and ultrahigh toughness(fracture energy>10 kJ/m^(2)).The synthesized ionogels exhibit a wide working temperature of−60 to 90℃.By tuning the crosslinking density of microparticles and physical crosslinking strength of ionogels,we synthesize DN ionogel inks and print them into three-dimensional(3D)*** ionogelbased ionotronics are 3D printed as demonstrations,including strain gauges,humidity sensors,and ionic skins made of capacitive touch sensor *** covalently linking ionogels with silicone elastomers,we integrate the ionogel sensors onto pneumatic soft actuators and demonstrate their capacities in sensing large *** our last demonstration,multimaterial direct ink writing is harnessed to fabricate highly stretchable and durable alternating-current electroluminescent devices with arbitrary *** printable granular ionogel ink represents a versatile platform for the future manufacturing of ionotronics.

关键词： crosslinking utilizing gauge

SEVAR: a stereo event camera dataset for virtual and augmented reality

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第5期25卷 755-762页

作者： Yuda DONG Zetao CHEN Xin HE Lijun LI Zichao SHU Yinong CAOl Junchi FENG Shijie LIU Chunlai LI Jianyu WANG Hangzhou Institute for advanced study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China Yongjiang Laboratory Ningbo 130021China

Event cameras,characterized by their low latency,large dynamic range,and extremely high temporal resolution,have recently received increasing *** features make them particularly well-suited for virtual/augmented reality(VR/AR)*** facilitate the development of three-dimensional(3D)perception and navigation algorithms in VR/AR applications using event cameras,we introduce the Stereo Event camera dataset for Virtual and Augmented Reality(SEVAR),which comprises a wide variety of head-mounted indoor sequences,including scenarios with rapid motion and a large dynamic range.

关键词： mounted dynamic camera