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Half-a-century(1971–2020)of glacier shrinkage and climatic variability in the Bhaga basin,western Himalaya

Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第3期20卷 299-324页

作者： DAS Suresh SHARMA Milap Chand MURARI Madhav Krishna NÜSSER Marcus SCHMIDT Susanne centre for the study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India National Geochronology Facility Inter-University Accelerator CentreNew Delhi 110067India Department of Geography South Asia Institute(SAI)Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69115Germany Heidelberg centre for the Environment(HCE) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany

Glacier shrinkage is a globally occurring ***-resolution change detection based on frequent mapping and monitoring of high-altitude glaciers is necessary to precisely evaluate future water availability and to understand glacier evolution under different climatic scenarios in the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayan(HKH)*** also holds true for the Bhaga basin of the western *** study investigates glacier and glacier lake changes in the Bhaga basin,over the last five decades based on satellite imagery including Corona KH4(1971),Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus(ETM+;2000),Linear Imaging Self-Scanning Sensor(LISS Ⅳ;2013),and Sentinel 2(2020).Regional temperature and precipitation trends were evaluated from gridded climatic datasets(1900–2020).In the Bhaga basin 306 glaciers(>0.2 km^(2))were mapped with a total area of 360.3±4.0 km^(2),of which 55.7±0.6 km^(2)was covered with debris in *** total glacier covered area decreased by∼8.2±1.5%(0.16±0.03%yr-1)during the entire observation period 1971–2020,with noticeable heterogeneity between tributary *** the past two decades(2000–2020),the deglaciation rate has increased significantly(0.25%yr-1)compared to the previous decades(1971–2000;0.12%yr-1).Glacier lake area increased by 0.6±0.1 km^(2)(0.012 km^(2)yr-1)between 1971 and *** NCEP/NCAR climatic data reveals an increase of 0.63℃in temperature and a decrease of 6.39 mm in precipitation for the period 1948–*** comparison,APHRODITE data shows an increasing trend in temperature of 1.14℃between 1961 and 2015 and decreasing trend in precipitation of 31 mm between 1951 and *** NCEP/NCAR and APHRODITE data reveal significant temperature increase and precipitation decrease since the 1990s,which have probably augmented ice loss in the Bhaga basin during the early 21st century.

关键词： Glacier change Remote sensing APHRODITE NCEP/NCAR reanalysis Climate change Western Himalaya

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Approximate Scaling Behaviour of Local Spectral Density of States at Relatively Weak Perturbation: a Schematic Shell Model

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第6期18卷 731-733页

作者： WANG Wen-Ge Department of Physics South-east UniversityNanjing 210096 International Center for the study of Dynamical Systems 22100 ComoItaly Centre for Nonlinear StudiesHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

For a schematic shell model,we show numerically that,contrary to the behaviour of eigenfunctions,the shapes of the so-called local spectral density of states become close to their forms at extremely strong perturbation(after rescaling)even when the perturbation is relatively *** same phenomenon is also found for the random version of the schematic shell *** suggest that this property of the local spectral density of states may be common to models in which the Hamiltonian matrices in independent particle states have a banded and regular structure.

关键词： structure perturbation states

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Assessment of geodetic strain and stress variations in Nepal due to 25 April 2015 Gorkha earthquake:Insights from the GNSS data analysis and b-value

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 288-300页

作者： Sravanthi Gunti Priyom Roy J.Narendran Ramesh Pudi S.Muralikrishnan K.Vinod Kumar M.Subrahmanyam Y.Israel B.Satish Kumar National Remote Sensing centre Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO)BalanagarHyderabad500037India Sustainability Risk Management Solutions of IndiaNoida201301India Department of Geophysics Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnam530003India

A magnitude M;7.8 earthquake occurred on 25 April 2015(referred as Gorkha earthquake).We have analyzed the spatial variation of b-value and two-dimensional strain within Nepal Himalaya before and after the Gorkha *** have used continuous Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)data from 30 stations in the Nepal region for geodetic strain estimation and earthquake data for b-value *** GNSS data were processed using double differencing technique for the accurate position of each *** precise velocity vectors show a general azimuth of north east for all the stations and have been used to derive two-dimensional *** epicenters of Gorkha(25 April 2015)and Dolakha earthquakes(12 May 2015),we observed high co-seismic horizontal displacements(0.2 m to 2 m).In the Pre-seismic deformation study,maximum strain accumulation(56.40×10;)and low bvalue(0.79-0.89)was observed in and around the Western Nepal region,which may be responsible for the 2015 Gorkha *** potential seismic zones were identified by GIS based integration of geodetic strain and b-value map and superimposition using weighted overlay *** Maximum strain and low b-value are now observed in the eastern part of ***,the spatial disposition of elastic energy has changed after the two major earthquakes and continuous seismic hazard assessment is required in the eastern Nepal.

关键词： Himalaya Co-seismic offsets Bernese 5.2 UNAVCO Grid_Strain

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Pharmacological and biomedical properties of sea anemones Paracondactylis indicus,Paracondactylis sinensis,Heteractis magnifica and Stichodactyla haddoni from East coast of India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第9期4卷 722-726页

作者： Bragadeeswaran Subramanian Thangaraj Sangappellai Rajiv Chandra Rajak Balaji Diraviam centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnumalai University Parangipettai - 60S 502.Tamil Nadu.India

Objective:To explore the biomedical and pharmacological activity of Paracondactylis indicus (***).Paracondactylis sinensis(***).Heteraclis magnified(***) and Stichadactyla haddoni(***).Methods:The live sea anemones were kept inside the glass howl along with some amount of distilled water in an ice container for 15 *** stress Condition,nemalocysts released from the tentacles were collected and centrifuged al 5 000 rpm for 15 *** supernatant were collected ill separate cleaned beakers for ***: The protein content of crude extracts was 15.***.28.7.18.2 and 35.4μg/*** hemolytic assay,the *** was sensitive(16.842 HT/mg) on chicken blood but *** was less sensitive(1.114 HT/mg) on chicken and goal *** *** and *** showed hemolysis (0.879.0.903 HT/mg and 56.263.0.451 HT/mg) in chicken and goat *** antimicrobial assay, the methanol extract of *** showed maximum inhibition zone of 9.7 mm against *** and *** showed 9.8 mm against *** in methanol and ethanol *** the *** and *** showed maximum of 10 mm against *** in methanol and ethanol ***:The high toxic sea anemones may also contain some biologically active agents which has haemolytic,analgesic and anti-infilamatory activity.

关键词： Nematocysts Aqueous Analgesic activity Haemolytic and pharmacological

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Larvicidal and repellent potential of Moringa oleifera against malarial vector,Anopheles stephensi Liston(Insecta:Diptera:Culicidae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 124-129页

作者： Prabhu K Murugan K Nareshkumar A Ramasubramanian N Bragadeeswaran S centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Faculty of MarineSciencesAnnamalai University Division of Entomology Department of ZoologyBharathiar University

Objective:To evaluate the larvicidal and pupicidal potential of the methanolic extracts from Moringa oleifera(***) plant seeds against malarial vector Anopheles stephensi(***) mosquitoes at different concentrations(20,40,60,80 and 100 ppm).Methods:*** was collected from the area of around Bharathiar University,*** dried plant materials were powdered by an electrical *** each sample,100 g of the plant material were extracted with 300 mL of methanol for 8 h in a Soxhlet *** extracts were evaporated to dryness in rotary vacuum evaporator to yield 122 mg and 110 mg of dark greenish material(residue) from Arcang amara and Ocimum basilicum,*** gram of the each plant residue was dissolved separately in 100 mL of acetone(stock solution) from which different concentrations, i.e.,20,40,60,80 and 100 ppm were ***:Larvicidal activity of *** exhibited in the first to fourth instar larvae of the ***,and the LC_(50) and LC_(90) values were 57.79 ppm and 125.93 ppm for the first instar,63.90 ppm and 133.07 ppm for the second inslar,72.45 ppm and 139.82 ppm for the third instar,78.93 ppm and 143.20 ppm for the fourth instar,respectively. During the pupal stage the methanolic extract of *** showed that the LC_(50),and LC_(90) values were 67.77 ppm and 141.00 ppm,***:The present study indicates that the phytochemicals derived from *** seeds extracts are effective mosquito vector control agents and the plant extracts may be used for further integrated pest management programs.

关键词： Moringa oleifera Anopheles stephensi Insecticide Larvicide Pupicide Malaria Phytochemical Mosquito vector control Plant extract Larvicidal activity

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The Roadmap for Lenovo to Go Global——A Case study of Lenovo Group Strategies

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China Economist 2007年第6期2卷 132-140页

作者： Cheung Kong GSB Case study centre Cheung Kong GSB Case study centre

***: refocus on PC operation On December 8th, 2004, Lenovo consummated a deal with IBM whereby Lenovo was to acquire IBM’s desktop and laptop PC unit and its R&D and procurement operations worldwide for the sum of US$1.25 billion. On May 1st 2005, Lenovo completed its acquisition of IBM’s PC Unit. "Using an analogy, our enterprise is well likened to a tortoise but our foreign competitor is more like a rabbit. Instead of racing against the rabbit heads-on, we would rather ride on its back and let it carry us forward," said former Lenovo Chairman Liu Chuanzhi.

关键词： Case In The Roadmap for Lenovo to Go Global A Case study of Lenovo Group Strategies IBM IT

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Experience of donor right lobe hepatectomy in adult-to-adult live donor liver transplantation: clinical analysis of 89 cases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第2期1卷 166-171页

作者： Sheung-Tat Fan Chung-Mau Lo Chi-Leung Liu From the centre for the study of Liver Disease and Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical centre, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China centre for the study of Liver Disease and Department of Surgery University of Hong Kong Medical Centre Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China. hrmsfst@hkucc.hku.hk

Objective: To review the experience of donor selec- tion and right lobe hepatectomy in adult-to-adult live donor liver transplantation. Methods: From May 1996 to December 2001, 89 live donor liver transplants using right lobe grafts were performed at Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong. All donors had received psychological counseling before donor operations. They were screened by laboratory tests including complete blood cell count, liver and renal biochemistry, and viral serology studies. Com- puted tomography (CT), CT volumetry and hepatic arteriography were routinely performed. All donors underwent the operations using the method designed by us. Results: The median duration of the operations was 8.8 hours. The median blood loss recorded 466 ml. The median intensive care unit and hospital stays were 2 and 10 days, respectively. There was no do- nor mortality. Complications of donor operations in- cluded wound infection, urinary tract infection, bili- ary stricture, cholestasis, subphrenic collection, bowel obstruction and incision hernia, etc. All do- nors have recovered and returned to their previous occupations. Conclusions: Live donation of right lobe grafts for a- dult-to-adult liver transplantation is safe, provided that donor selection is strict and utmost care is exer- cised during the operation.

关键词： right lobe graft liver transplantation hepstectomy

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Emission factors, ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potential of volatile organic compounds emitted from industrial biomass boilers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 64-72页

作者： Chunmei Geng Wen Yang Xuesong Sun Xinhu Wang Zhipeng Bai Xia Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing 100037 China China National Environmental Monitoring centre Beijing 100012 China

To evaluate the potential benefits of biomass use for air pollution control, this paper identified and quantified the emissions of major reactive organic compounds anticipated from biomass-fired industrial boilers. Wood pellets(WP) and straw pellets(SP) were burned to determine the volatile organic compound emission profiles for each biomass-boiler combination. More than 100 types of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were measured from the two biomass boilers. The measured VOC species included alkanes, alkenes and acetylenes, aromatics, halocarbons and carbonyls. A single coal-fired boiler(CB) was also studied to provide a basis for comparison. Biomass boiler 1(BB1) emitted relatively high proportions of alkanes(28.9%–38.1% by mass) and alkenes and acetylenes(23.4%–40.8%),while biomass boiler 2(BB2) emitted relatively high proportions of aromatics(27.9%–29.2%)and oxygenated VOCs(33.0%–44.8%). The total VOC(TVOC) emission factors from BB1(128.59–146.16 mg/kg) were higher than those from BB2(41.26–85.29 mg/kg). The total ozone formation potential(OFP) ranged from 6.26 to 81.75 mg/m^3 with an average of 33.66 mg/m^3 for the two biomass boilers. The total secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP) ranged from 61.56 to 211.67 mg/m^3 with an average of 142.27 mg/m^3 for the two biomass *** emission factors(EFs) of TVOCs from biomass boilers in this study were similar to those for industrial coal-fired boilers with the same thermal power. These data can supplement existing VOC emission factors for biomass combustion and thus enrich the VOC emission inventory.

关键词： Biomass boiler Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Emission factor Ozone formation potential(OFP) Secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP)

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In vitro antioxidant activities of selected seaweeds from Southeast coast of India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第3期4卷 205-211页

作者： Gopalraj Karthikai Devi Karunamoorthy Manivannan Ganapathy Thirumaran Fatimson Arockiya Aarthi Rajathi Perumal Anantharaman centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502Tamil NaduIndia Institute of Hydrobiology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou-510638China

Objective:In vitro antioxidant activities of three selected Indian seaweeds viz.,Halimeda tuna(***),Turbinaria conoides(***) and Gracilaria foliifera(***) were ***:Total antioxidant activity,total phenolic content,and reducing power of crude methanol and diethyl ether extracts were ***:Total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity were higher(1.231±0.173 mg GAE/g,1.675±0.361 mg GAE/g) in *** *** power of crude methanol extract increased with concentrations of the *** Fourier transform-infra red spectrum analysis revealed the presence of polyphenolic *** seaweed extracts displayed moderate antioxidant activity compared to gallic acid ***:The seaweeds could be considered for curing diseases from oxidative deteriorations.

关键词： FT-IR Reducing power Seaweeds Total phenolic content Total antioxidant activity

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Seasonal variations of phytoplankton diversity in the Coleroon coastal waters,southeast coast of India

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 97-108页

作者： Thillai Rajasekar K Rajkumar M SUN Jun Ashok Prabu V Perumal P centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Tamil Nadu India Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Department of Biotechnology Periyar University Tamil Nadu India

The results of an investigation carried out during June 2005 to May 2007 on physico-chemical parameters,species composition and community structure of phytoplankton including Chlorophyll a（Chl-a） at the Coleroon coastal waters（Southeast coast of India） are *** and surface water temperatures（℃） varied from 25.1 to 30.1 and from 24.5 to 28.5 *** values varied from 6 to 28.5 and the pH ranged between 7.0 and *** in dissolved oxygen content was from 3.1 to 7.5 mg/dm^3 while the light extinction coefficient values（LEC） ranged between 3.1 and 10.1 *** ranges of inorganic nutrients（μmol/dm^3） viz.,nitrate,nitrite,phosphate and silicate were 10.1-23.4,1.2-8.9,0.2-3.1 and 55-125,*** ranges of Chlorophyll a（μg/dm-3） values was ***,124 phytoplankton species representing different classes viz：Bacillariophyceae（77）,Dinophyceae（19）,Cyanophyceae（15）,Chlorophyceae（10） and Chrysophyceae（3） were *** phytoplankton cell abundance varied from 0.290 to 111.662 cells/cm-3,with peak diversity（3.38 bits/ind.） during summer *** maximum abundance was found during summer season coinciding with the stable hydrographical *** seasonal distribution and abundance of phytoplankton are discussed in relation to hydrographical *** Correspondence Analysis（CCA） was applied in this paper for discriminating environmental factors having effect on phytoplankton community at species *** coastal water is subjected to long term fluctuations in physico-chemical parameters depending upon the seasonal tidal amplitude and freshwater influx resulting in a continuous exchange of organic,inorganic,plant and animal matters.

关键词： physico-chemical parameters phytoplankton species composition abundance diversity Coleroon coastal waters

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