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Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Gezira area Central Sudan and analysis of cytokine profiles

Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2013年第2期6卷 141-147页

作者： Nagla Mustafa Eltayeb Moawia Mohamed Mukhtar Ahmed Babiker Mohamed Department of Immunology and Biotechnology Tropical Medicine Research InstituteNational Centre for ResearchKhartoumSudan Department of Immunology Institute of Endemic DiseasesUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan National centre for research Ministry of Science and TechnologyKhartoumSudan

Objective:To determine and compare anti-schistosoma IgC,interleukin-10(IL-10) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)levels in the serum of patients and endemic controls and to investigate the epidemiological situation of Al-Hebaika village in the northern part of Gezira Agricultural Irrigation Scheme in ***:During 2005 survey,serum were collected from 118 *** eight were parasitological positive(patients),and 50 were negative(endemic controls).Indirect ELISA was used to measure and compare the levels of immunoglobulin C(IgC) against Schistsoma mansoni(***) soluble worm antigen(SWA) in the patients and endemic control groups from the village and compared with 20 healthy non endemic *** ELJSA was also used to measure and compare IL-10 and IFN-γin the serum of the selected ***:The overall prevalence of *** was 20.0%and 0.9%in the first and the second surveys respectively,while the intensity of infection was the same in the two surveys 1.38[geometric mean egg count(GMFC)].The overall prevalence of *** infection was 68.5% and 15.4%,while the intensity of infection was 2.75(GMEC) and 1.70(GMEC) in the two surveys *** reactivity against SWA showed no significant difference between Schistosoma positive patients and endemic ***,there were high significant differences between each of these two groups and the non endemic control group(P= 0,000).Schistosoma patients and exposed controls had significantly higher IL-10 concentration compared with non endemic *** endemic controls showed significantly higher IFN-γconcentration than patients(P = 0.000).Also there was very significant difference between IFN-γlevels of each of patients endemic controls and that of the non endemic controls(P = 0.003).Conclusions:The study concluded that IFN-γhas a role in the natural resistant to schistosoma mansoni infection. The prevalence and intensity of *** in the Gezira Irrigation Scheme was greatly red

关键词： Schistosomiasis IgG IL-10 IFN-gama ELISA

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Extensive gene flow in secondary sympatry after allopatric speciation

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 24-36页

作者： Xinfeng Wang Ziwen He Zixiao Guo Ming Yang Shaohua Xu Qipian Chen Shao Shao Sen Li Cairong Zhong Norman C.Duke Suhua Shi State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering School of Life Sciences Fudan University Department of Laboratory medicine& Pathology University of Washington Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove) centre for tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem research James Cook University

In the conventional view,species are separate gene pools delineated by reproductive isolation(RI).In an alternative view,species may also be delineated by a small set of ’speciation genes’ without full RI,a view that has gained broad acceptance.A recent survey,however,suggested that the extensive literature on’speciation with gene flow’ is mostly(if not all) about exchanges in the early stages of *** is no definitive evidence that the observed gene flow actually happened after speciation is ***,we wish to know whether ’good species’(defined by the ’secondary sympatry’ test) do continue to exchange genes and,importantly,under what conditions such exchanges can be *** novo whole-genome assembly and re-sequencing of individuals across the range of two closely related mangrove species(Rhizophora mucronata and R. stylosa) reveal the genomes to be well delineated in *** became sympatric in northeastern Australia but remain distinct ***,their genomes harbor～4000-10 000 introgression blocks averaging only about 3-4 *** fine-grained introgressions indicate continual gene flow long after speciation as non-introgressable ’genomic islets,’～1.4 Kb in size,often harbor diverging genes of flower or gamete *** fine-grained introgression in secondary sympatry may help settle the debate about sympatric ***-allopatric *** conclusion,true’good species’ may often continue to exchange genes but the opportunity for detection is highly constrained.

关键词： mangroves population genomics speciation introgression species hybridization

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Bugs beneath the surface： the functional significance of soil macroinvertebrates to landscape health in Australia＇s tropical savannas

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Insect Science 2005年第4期12卷 307-312页

作者： TRACY ZOE DAWES-GROMADZKI CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and tropical Savannas Cooperative research centre Australia

土壤宏无脊椎动物在在澳大利亚的热带无树平原支撑生产和生物多样性起一个重要作用。例如，通过他们的 foraging 和嵌套的活动，白蚁再循环营养素和碳并且生产便于水渗入的土壤毛孔。挑战向前到份量上理解驾驶这的关系和进程。不同种类... 详细信息

土壤宏无脊椎动物在在澳大利亚的热带无树平原支撑生产和生物多样性起一个重要作用。例如，通过他们的 foraging 和嵌套的活动，白蚁再循环营养素和碳并且生产便于水渗入的土壤毛孔。挑战向前到份量上理解驾驶这的关系和进程。不同种类和宏无脊椎动物的功能的组在各种各样的风景过程起什么作用？是不同陆地管理的效果的，练习(例如，国内牛放牧，火)在为风景健康的这些关系，和后果上?这篇论文在北澳大利亚从研究论述初步的结果，检验在土壤宏无脊椎动物上放牧的陆地状况和国内牛的效果，并且为要用作一个工具恢复的白蚁的潜力在降级的区域玷污功能。在北澳大利亚，增加了降级似乎在差异和活动 ofmacroinvertebrates 与衰落被联系。白蚁看起来是最有弹性的组之一，与能够维持在降级的风景的活动的某种类。

关键词：大型无脊椎动物陆地动物健康状态澳大利亚热带地区生态环境生活习性

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A case report of cervicofacial actinomycosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2010年第10期3卷 838-840页

作者： Majid Avijgan Heshmatollah Shakeri Masihollah Shakeri Iranian Traditional medicine research centre Isfahan University of Medical Sciences tropical and Infectious Diseases research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Department of Internal medicine Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences

Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous *** we reported a 23-year-old male presented with a neck mass in the antero-inferior part for 35 days,with increasing in size and appearing some new masses in various sizes on left side of *** masses improved to some extent,with an empirical therapy but relapsed after discontinuation of *** further investigations in second admission,long-term treatment with penicillin was started with a diagnosis of cervicofacial *** cleft actinomycosis was proved in this patient, which is one of rare cases of actinomyces involvement.

关键词： Actinomycosis Bronchial cleft Cervical mass Cervicofacial

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Preparation and Characterization of Natural Rubber/Silica Nanocomposites using Rule of Similarity in Latex

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2013年第5期28卷 997-1002页

作者：罗勇悦 FENG Chunfang WANG Qinghuang YI Zhifeng QIU Quanfang Kong LX 彭政 Key Laboratory of tropical Crop Product Processing Chinese Agricultural MinistryAgricultural Product Processing Research InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences centre for Material and Fiber Innovation Institute for Technology Research InnovationDeakin University State Engineering and Technology research Center for Key tropical Crops

Rule of similarity and latex compounding techniques were combined for the first time to prepare natural rubber/nanosilica （NR/SiO2） nanocomposite with core-shell nanosilica-poly （methyl methacrylate）（SiO2-PMMA） particles and PMMA-modified natural rubber matrix （NR-PMMA）. The micro- structure of SiO2 and nanocomposites with different SiO2 contents was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）; the morphology of nanocomposites was investigated with scanning electron microscopy （SEM）; the tensile strength was characterized by tensile testing machine and the thermal stability of composites was studied by thermal gravimetric analysis. Results showed that PMMA chains have successfully grafted onto the surface of SiO2, and the core-shell SiO2-PMMA nanoparticles and NR-PMMA latex have been perfectly incorporated. SiO2-PMMA nanoparticles are evenly distributed over the NR matrix with an average size in the range of 60-100 nm at the low content （SiO2≤ 3 wt%）, while aggregations are apparently observed when 5 wt% SiO2 is loaded. In addition, NP/SiO2 composities possess a considerable improvement in ageing resistance compared with the pure NR. The tensile strength of composite increases from 6.99 to 12.72 MPa, reaching the highest value at a 0.5 wt% SiO2 loading, and then the figure decreases gradually because of the aggregation of SiO2 nanoparticles. It is anticipated that the reported process is to provide a simple and economic way for preparing NR composites.

关键词： natural rubber silica nanocomposite latex compounding rule of similarity

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High efficacy of chlorfenapyr-based net Interceptor■G2 against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors from Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 1-16页

作者： Magellan Tchouakui Riccado F.Thiomela Elysee Nchoutpouen Benjamin D.Menze Cyrille Ndo Dorothy Achu Raymond N.Tabue Flobert Njiokou Ateba Joel Charles S.Wondji centre for research in Infectious Diseases(CRID) P.O.Box 13501YaoundéCameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé1P.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 24157DoualaCameroon Ministry of Public Health National Malaria Control ProgrammeP.O.Box 14386YaoundeCameroon Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpoolL35QAUK International Institute of tropical Agriculture(IITA) P.O.Box 2008YaoundéCameroon

Background The increasing reports of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides associated with reduced efficacy of pyrethroid-only interventions highlight the urgency of introducing new non-pyrethroid-only control ***,we investigated the performance of piperonyl-butoxide(PBO)-pyrethroid[Permanet 3.0(P3.0)]and dual active ingredients(AI)nets[Interceptor G2(IG2):containing pyrethroids and chlorfenapyr and Royal Guard(RG):containing pyrethroids and pyriproxyfen]compared to pyrethroid-only net Royal Sentry(RS)against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in *** The efficacy of these tools was firstly evaluated onAnopheles gambiae *** funestus *** Gounougou,Mibellon,Mangoum,Nkolondom,and Elende using cone/tunnel *** addition,experimental hut trials(EHT)were performed to evaluate the performance of unwashed and 20 times washed nets in semi-field ***,pyrethroid-resistant markers were genotyped in dead vs alive,blood-fed vs unfed mosquitoes after exposure to the nets to evaluate the impact of these markers on net *** XLSTAT software was used to calculate the various entomological outcomes and the Chi-square test was used to compare the efficacy of various *** odds ratio and Fisher exact test were then used to establish the statistical significance of any association between insecticide resistance markers and bed net *** Interceptor G2 was the most effective net against wild *** followed by Permanet *** EHT,this net induced up to 87.8%mortality[95%confidence interval(CI):83.5-92.1%)and 55.6%(95%CI:48.5-62.7%)after 20 washes whilst unwashed pyrethroid-only net(Royal Sentry)killed just 18.2%(95%CI:13.4-22.9%)of *** unwashed Permanet 3.0 killed up to 53.8%(95%CI:44.3-63.4%)of field-resistant mosquitoes and 47.2%(95%CI:37.7-56.7%)when washed 20 times,and the Royal Guard 13.2%(95%CI:9.0-17.3%)for unwashed net and 8.5%(95%CI:5.7-11.4%)for t

关键词： Malaria Anopheles Insecticide resistance Dual active ingredient nets Interceptor G2

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FINE STRUCTURES OF LEISHMANIA PARASITES FROM RACOON DOG

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1985年第11期98卷 817-820页

作者：许炽熛赵森林尤金英付治锋李云生崔萍陈文恺 Beijing tropical medicine research Institute-WHO Collaborating centre for Paragonimiasis Clonorchiasis and Leishmaniasis Laboratory for Ultrastructural Study Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine Beijing Friendship Hospital Beijing

The fine structures and electron scanning of Leishmania amastigotes and promastigotes isolated from a naturally infected racoon dog (Nytereutes procyonoides Gray) in the suburbs of Beijing were studied and compared with those of a Chinese human strain. They were much similar in fine structures in a number of subpellicular mierotubules and in the distance between 2 microtubules. We consider that it may belong to the category of L donovani complex. A kind of multi-vesicular body has been seen in the cytoplasm of amastigotes of both strains but its nature needs further study.

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Malaria Deaths—China,2011–2020

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China CDC weekly 2021年第17期3卷 360-365页

作者： Li Zhang Hong Tu Shuisen Zhou Zhigui Xia Jun Feng National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina.

Introduction:The malaria deaths(MDs)caused by imported Plasmodium falciparum has become a great *** article analyzed MDs in China in 2011−2020 to provide evidence-based data for further strategies and interventions ***:Individual data via the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)in 2011−2020 were *** Plasmodium species,case classification,temporal and spatial distribution,and source of MDs were analyzed to explore MD *** Parasitic Diseases Information Reporting Management System(PDIRMS)of MDs in 2013−2020 which explored clinical symptom and treatment was also collected and ***:A total of 165 MDs with a mortality rate of 0.5%were recorded in the NNDRS from 2011 to *** them,164(99.4%)died due to imported malaria cases,1(0.6%)died of indigenous case reported in Yunnan in *** number of MDs showed a decreasing trend from 2011(n=30)to 2020(n=6).The MDs consisted of 160(97.0%)*** cases,1(0.6%)mixed infection case,and 4(2.4%)clinical diagnosed *** MDs were mainly reported in Guangdong(n=18,10.9%),Sichuan(n=17,10.3%),Beijing(n=15,9.1%)and Henan(n=15,9.1%).The PDIRMS had reported 121 MDs from 2013−2020,and 46.3%(n=56)of MDs exhibited severe brain damage,and most of the patients(n=95,78.5%)were administrated by artemisinin combination therapy injection ***:The total MDs decreased in China,and a delay in diagnosis and treatment is the main causes of ***,two actions are needed to prevent MDs,including improving health education for key populations such as migrant workers who come to and return from endemic regions and maintaining malaria diagnosis and treatment capabilities of clinicians in medical facilities.

关键词： diagnosis Malaria return

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The epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in China:disease burden and distribution of genotypes

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Frontiers of medicine 2020年第1期14卷 1-7页

作者： Honglu Zhou Songmei Wang Lorenz von Seidlein Xuanyi Wang Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MoE&MoH and Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Laboratory of Molecular Biology Training Center of Medical ExperimentsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Mahidol-Oxford tropical medicine research unit Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand centre for tropical medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX12JDUK Children’s Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

With the improvements of sanitation and nationwide safe water supply the occurrence of bacterial diarrhea declined remarkably,while viruses became the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis(AGE).Of these viruses,noroviruses(NoVs)are responsible for a considerable burden of gastroenteritis,especially in childrenunity after infection,and a reliable immunological surrogate marker are urgently needed,since two vaccine candidates based on virus-like particles(VLPs)are currently moving into clinical evaluations in China.

关键词： molecular epidemiology norovirus disease burden genotype China

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Towards a global One Health index: a potential assessment tool for One Health performance

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 12-26页

作者： Xiao-Xi Zhang Jing-Shu Liu Le-Fei Han Shang Xia Shi-Zhu Li Odel YLi Kokouvi Kassegne Min Li Kun Yin Qin-Qin Hu Le-Shan Xiu Yong-Zhang Zhu Liang-Yu Huang Xiang-Cheng Wang Yi Zhang Han-Qing Zhao Jing-Xian Yin Tian-Ge Jiang Qin Li Si-Wei Fei Si-Yu Gu Fu-Min Chen Nan Zhou Zi-Le Cheng Yi Xie Hui-Min Li Jin Chen Zhao-Yu Guo Jia-Xin Feng Lin Ai Jing-Bo Xue Qian Ye Liz Grant Jun-Xia Song Geoff Simm Jürg Utzinger Xiao-Kui Guo Xiao-Nong Zhou School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China One Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of EdinburghShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for tropical Diseases research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Shanghai Legislative research Institute ShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Zhuhai Branch ESPREBeijing Normal University Zhuhai CampusZhuhaiGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Global Health Academy The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Food and Agriculture Organization of the united Nations RomeItaly Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Systems The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Swiss tropical and Public Health Institute AllschwilSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland

Background:A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently ***:We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation;(ii) indicator selection;(iii) database building;(iv) weight determination;and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the ***:The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8–65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be ***:GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Cell-like framework Climate change Food security Global One Health index(GOHI) Global performance assessment Governance Zoonotic diseases

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