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Diversity of coronaviruses in wild and domestic birds in Vietnam

Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2022年第10期15卷 442-450页

作者： Vasily Y.Marchenko Natalia P.Kolosova Alexey V.Danilenko Maria K.Bragina Tran Thi Nhai Alexander B.Ryzhikov Federal Budgetary research Institution State research Center of Virology and Biotechnology“Vector”Rospotrebnadzor 630559Novosibirsk regionKoltsovoRussia Joint Russian-Vietnamese tropical research and Technology centre 650000Nguyen Van HuyenNghia DoCau GiayHanoiVietnam

Objective:To investigate the genetic diversity of coronaviruses in wild and domestic birds in the bird park and live poultry markets of Ca Mau province in Vietnam in ***:A total of 228 samples(121 from wild birds and 107 from poultry)were collected in the territory of Ca Mau province of Vietnam in *** avian samples were tested for the presence of the four genera of coronaviruses using reverse transcription and nested *** genetic analysis using targeted NGS sequencing of RdRp gene was performed for 29 representative samples(12 samples from wild birds and 17 from poultry).Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbour joininig method with 1000 bootstrap replications using MEGA X ***:Among wild birds,21.5%samples were positive for the genetic material of coronaviruses and 38.3%samples were positive for coronaviruses among *** analysis of the partial sequence of RdRp gene from representative samples revealed that wild birds were carriers of gammacoronaviruses and *** poultry,three genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus(QX,Mass and Q1)were detected in chickens,with QX genotypes being predominant,and viruses of DCoV group were detected in domestic *** was no detection of alphacoronaviruses or betacoronaviruses in the studied ***:Coronaviruses of genera Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus were detected in wild birds.A high percentage of infectious bronchitis virus was detected in ***,there is a need for broader surveillance of coronaviruses in birds,which can be used for evaluation of diversity,evolution and distribution of coronaviruses in *** surveillance of coronaviruses circulation in wild and domestic animals is necessary for implementing strategic measures for poultry and domestic animal protection and for evaluation of possible risk of circulating coronaviruses to human health.

关键词： Avian coronavirus Gammacoronavirus Deltacoronavirus Surveillance Wild birds Poultry Vietnam

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Synergistic Effects of Rotavirus and Co-Infecting Viral Enteric Pathogens on Diarrheal Disease-Guangzhou City,Guangdong Province,China,2019

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China CDC weekly 2023年第33期5卷 725-730页

作者： Shunxian Zhang Liguang Tian Yan Lu Lei Wang Wenwen Lyu Jinxin Zheng Shan Lyu Lili Pang Guobing Yang Hongli Wang Ruitao Liu Guanhua Chen Jichun Wang Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for tropical Diseases research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research On Tropical DiseasesNational Institute of Parasitic DiseasesShanghaiChina School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Clinical research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina National Health Commission(NHC)Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Science and Technology Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina.

What is already known about this topic?Diarrhea represents a substantial public health issue,contributing globally to a high number of pediatric medical consultations,hospital admissions,and mortality *** is added by this report?An increase in diarrheal frequency serves as a critical benchmark for evaluating *** predominant pathogens associated with pediatric diarrhea are rotavirus and norovirus,with co-infections exerting a notable compounding effect that leads to more severe *** are the implications for public health practice?Implementing sensitive diagnostic techniques and comprehensive monitoring is paramount in identifying *** strategies can provide physicians with critical insights into disease progression,thus considerably reducing the burden of diarrhea.

关键词： globally predominant Guangdong

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Prevalence of antifolate drug resistance markers in Plasmodium vivax in China

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Frontiers of medicine 2022年第1期16卷 83-92页

作者： Fang Huang Yanwen Cui He Yan Hui Liu Xiangrui Guo Guangze Wang Shuisen Zhou Zhigui Xia National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchWHO Collaborating Center for Tropical DiseasesNational Centre for International Research on Tropical DiseasesNHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology(National Institute of Parasitic DiseasesChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)Shanghai 200025China Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Puer 665000China Yingjiang County for Disease Control and Prevention Yingjiang 679300China Hainan Center for Disease Control&Prevention Haikou 570203China

The dihydrofolate reductase(dhfr)and dihydropteroate synthetase(dhps)genes of Plasmodium vivax,as antifolate resistance-associated genes were used for drug resistance surveillance.A total of 375 *** isolates collected from different geographical locations in China in 2009–2019 were used to sequence Pvdhfr and *** majority of the isolates harbored a mutant type allele for Pvdhfr(94.5%)and Pvdhps(68.2%).The most predominant point mutations were S117T/N(77.7%)in Pvdhfr and A383G(66.8%)in *** acid changes were identified at nine residues in Pvdhfr.A quadruple-mutant haplotype at 57,58,61,and 117 was the most frequent(57.4%)among 16 distinct Pvdhfr *** in Pvdhps were detected at six codons,and the double-mutant A383G/A553G was the most prevalent(39.3%).Pvdhfr exhibited a higher mutation prevalence and greater diversity than Pvdhps in *** isolates from Yunnan carried multiple mutant haplotypes,while the majority of samples from temperate regions and Hainan Island harbored the wild type or single mutant *** study indicated that the antifolate resistance levels of *** parasites were different across China and molecular markers could be used to rapidly monitor drug *** provided evidence for updating national drug policy and treatment guidelines.

关键词： drug resistance antifolates molecular markers Plasmodium vivax China

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Establishment of an indicator framework for global One Health Intrinsic Drivers index based on the grounded theory and fuzzy analytical hierarchy-entropy weight method

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 97-98页

作者： Jiaxin Feng Zhaoyu Guo Lin Ai Jingshu Liu Xiaoxi Zhang Chunli Cao Jing Xu Shang Xia Xiao‑Nong Zhou Jin Chen Shizhu Li National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre 不详

Background:One Health has become a global consensus to deal with complex health ***,the pro‑gress of One Health implementation in many countries is still relatively slow,and there is a lack of systematic evalua‑tion *** purpose of this study was to establish an indicator framework for global One Health Intrinsic Drivers index(GOH-IDI)to evaluate human,animal and environmental health development process ***:First,82 studies were deeply analyzed by a grounded theory(GT)method,including open coding,axial coding,and selective coding,to establish a three-level indicator framework,which was composed of three selective codes,19 axial codes,and 79 open ***,through semi-structured interviews with 28 health-related experts,the indicators were further integrated and simplifed according to the inclusion criteria of the ***,the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process combined with the entropy weight method was used to assign weights to the indi‑cators,thus,forming the evaluation indicator framework of human,animal and environmental health development ***:An indicator framework for GOH-IDI was formed consisting of three selective codes,15 axial codes and 61 open *** were six axial codes for“Human Health”,of which“Infectious Diseases”had the highest weight(19.76%)and“Injuries and Violence”had the lowest weight(11.72%).There were four axial codes for“Animal Health”,of which“Animal Epidemic Disease”had the highest weight(39.28%)and“Animal Nutritional Status”had the low‑est weight(11.59%).Five axial codes were set under“Environmental Health”,among which,“Air Quality and Climate Change”had the highest weight(22.63%)and“Hazardous Chemicals”had the lowest weight(17.82%).Conclusions:An indicator framework for GOH-IDI was established in this *** framework were universal,balanced,and scientifc,which hopefully to be a tool for evaluation of the joint development of human,animal and environmental health in diferent reg

关键词： Global One Health Intrinsic drivers index Indicator Grounded theory Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process Entropy weight method

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Has global deforestation accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic?

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Journal of Forestry research 2023年第4期34卷 1153-1165页

作者： Jonnathan Céspedes Janelle M.Sylvester Lisset Pérez-Marulanda Paula Paz-Garcia Louis Reymondin Mehran Khodadadi Jhon J.Tello Augusto Castro-Nunez The Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraCaliColombia Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Leibniz centre for Agricultural Landscape research(ZALF) MünchebergGermany

As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded,questions arose as to whether the pandemic would amplify or pacify tropical *** reports warned of increased deforestation rates;however,these studies were limited to a few months in 2020 or to selected *** better understand how the pandemic infl uenced tropical deforestation globally,this study used historical deforestation data(2004–2019)from the Terra-i pantropical land cover change monitoring system to project expected deforestation trends for 2020,which were used to determine whether observed deforestation deviated from expected trajectories after the fi rst COVID-19 cases were *** series analyses were conducted at the regional level for the Americas,Africa and Asia and at the country level for Brazil,Colombia,Peru,the Democratic Republic of Congo and *** results suggest that the pandemic did not alter the course of deforestation trends in some countries(e.g.,Brazil,Indonesia),while it did in others(e.g.,Peru).We posit the importance of monitoring the long-term eff ects of the pandemic on deforestation trends as countries prioritize economic recovery in the aftermath of the pandemic.

关键词： Deforestation COVID-19 Time series Terra-i Drivers of deforestation monitoring

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Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soheila Khalili Christos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea Calvillo Shi-Jie Cao Frederic Coulon Jill L.Edmondson David Fletcher Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai Guo Matthew C.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann Giuliano Maselli Locosselli Shelagh K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli Christopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones Global centre for Clean Air research(GCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School Design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psychiatry and Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Architecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate ***,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air *** many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are *** systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their *** screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main *** GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling ***,several other GBGI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RCP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current GBGI in the *** the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future *** global GBGI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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tropical cyclone genesis over the western north Pacific in La Ni?a decay summers: Comparison between 2018 and 2021

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Yunyun LIU Zhensong GONG China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate Centre Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology

As the primary interannual signal of variability in the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction, the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation has a considerable impact on tropical cyclone(TC) activity over the western North Pacific(WNP). Both 2018 and2021 were La Ni?a decay years, but TC activity over the WNP during the two summers(June–August) showed notable differences. In 2018, summer TC activity was unusually high with a total of 18 TCs, and the region of TC genesis was mainly in the central and eastern WNP. In contrast, only 9 TCs were generated in summer 2021, and the region of TC genesis was primarily in the western WNP. By comparing the characteristics of the large-scale environmental conditions over the regions of TC genesis, the thermal factors of the tropical oceans, and the activity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO), this study revealed the possible causes for the marked differences in TC genesis over the WNP during the two summers, which both had a similar background of La Ni?a decay. The Indian Ocean Basin Mode(IOBM) transitioned of a cold anomaly in the winter of 2017/2018and persisted until summer 2018. At the same time, the Pacific Meridional Mode(PMM) maintained a positive phase, leading to eastward and northward displacement of the Western Pacific Subtropical High in summer, and eastward extension of the tropical monsoon trough, which presented conditions conducive to TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific. Moreover, the days when the MJO stagnated in phases 5 and 6 in the summer of 2018 increased by approximately 150% relative to climatological state,providing dynamic conditions favorable for TC formation. In 2021, the IOBM quickly turned to a warm anomaly in March and persisted until summer, whereas the PMM became a negative phase in January and remained so until summer. At the same time,the MJO stagnated in phases 2 and 3 for up to 47 days, with the center of convection located over the western Maritime Continent, producing conditions unconducive to TC ge

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Impact of fecal incontinence on quality of life

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第26期15卷 3276-3282页

作者： Lynne Bartlett Madeleine Nowak Yik-Hong Ho School of Public Health Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Scienceswithin North Queensland Centre for Cancer ResearchJames Cook University School of medicine and Dentistry within the North Queensland Centre for Cancer ResearchJames Cook University

AIM:To explore the impact of fecal incontinence (FI) on quality of life (QOL) of patients attending urogynecology and colorectal clinics (CCs).METHODS:Cross-sectional study of 154 patients (27 male) with FI,who attended the clinics at a regional hospital in North Queensland,Australia in 2003 and 2004,and completed the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (FIQL:1=very affected;4=not affected).RESULTS:More than 22% of patients had their QOL affected severely by *** reported that they had not previously been asked about FI by a medical practitioner nor did they voluntarily disclose its *** median FIQL scores for all participants were:lifestyle=3.24;coping=2.23;depression=2.42;and embarrassment=*** frequency of soiling had a negative effect on all four FIQL scales (P < 0.001) as did the quantity of soiling (P < 0.01).Female CC patients had poorer FIQL scores than urogynecology clinic patients for lifestyle (P=0.015),coping (P=0.004) and embarrassment (P=0.009),but not depression (P=0.062),despite having experienced FI for a shorter ***:Failure to seek treatment for FI degrades the quality of patients' lives over *** assessment tools should incorporate the quantity of fecal loss.

关键词：生活质量流动注射澳大利亚生活方式评估工具抑郁症患者大肠癌

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What are the pathways between poverty and malaria in sub-Saharan Africa?A systematic review of mediation studies

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第3期12卷 13-30页

作者： Solomon T.Wafula Theresa Habermann Mara Anna Franke Jürgen May Dewi Ismajani Puradiredja Eva Lorenz Johanna Brinkel Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health School of Public HealthMakerere UniversityKampalaUganda Charité Global Health Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Infection research(DZIF) Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lubeck-RiemsHamburgGermany Department of tropical medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)HamburgGermany Institute of Medical Biostatistics Epidemiology and InformaticsUniversity Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany

Background Malaria remains a major burden in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA).While an association between poverty and malaria has been demonstrated,a clearer understanding of explicit mechanisms through which socioeconomic position(SEP)influences malaria risk is needed to guide the design of more comprehensive interventions for malaria risk *** systematic review provides an overview of the current evidence on the mediators of socioeconomic disparities in malaria in *** We searched PubMed and Web of Science for randomised controlled trials,cohort,case-control and cross-sectional studies published in English between January 1,2000 to May 31,*** studies were identified following reviews of reference lists of the studies *** included studies that either(1)conducted a formal mediation analysis of risk factors on the causal pathway between SEP and malaria infections or(2)adjusted for these potential mediators as confounders on the association between SEP and malaria using standard regression *** least two independent reviewers appraised the studies,conducted data extraction,and assessed risk of bias.A systematic overview is presented for the included *** We identified 41 articles from 20 countries in SSA for inclusion in the final *** these,30 studies used cross-sectional design,and 26 found socioeconomic inequalities in malaria *** formal mediation analyses showed limited evidence of mediation of food security,housing quality,and previous antimalarial ***,education,insecticide-treated nets,and nutrition were highlighted in the remaining studies as being protective against malaria independent of SEP,suggesting potential for ***,methodological limitations included the use of cross-sectional data,insufficient confounder adjustment,heterogeneity in measuring both SEP and malaria,and generally low or moderate-quality *** studies considered exposure mediator interactions or considered iden

关键词： Malaria Mediation Socioeconomic disparity Sub-Saharan Africa

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Improved Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation on Land in a Global Non-Hydrostatic Model Using a Revised NSAS Deep Convective Scheme

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1217-1234页

作者： Yifan ZHAO Xindong PENG Xiaohan LI Siyuan CHEN State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CMA Earth System modeling and Prediction centre Beijing 100081China 2035 Future Laboratory PIESAT Information Technology Co Ltd.Beijing 100195China

In relatively coarse-resolution atmospheric models,cumulus parameterization helps account for the effect of subgridscale convection,which produces supplemental rainfall to the grid-scale precipitation and impacts the diurnal cycle of *** this study,the diurnal cycle of precipitation was studied using the new simplified Arakawa-Schubert scheme in a global non-hydrostatic atmospheric model,i.e.,the Yin-Yang-grid Unified Model for the *** new diagnostic closures and a convective trigger function were suggested to emphasize the job of the cloud work function corresponding to the free tropospheric large-scale *** results of the 0.25-degree model in 3-month batched real-case simulations revealed an improvement in the diurnal precipitation variation by using a revised trigger function with an enhanced dynamical constraint on the convective initiation and a suitable threshold of the *** reducing the occurrence of convection during peak solar radiation hours,the revised scheme was shown to be effective in delaying the appearance of early-afternoon rainfall peaks over most land areas and accentuating the nocturnal peaks that were wrongly concealed by the more substantial afternoon *** addition,the revised scheme enhanced the simulation capability of the precipitation probability density function,such as increasing the extremely low-and high-intensity precipitation events and decreasing small and moderate rainfall events,which contributed to the reduction of precipitation bias over mid-latitude and tropical land areas.

关键词： cumulus parameterization diurnal cycle of precipitation large-scale dynamic forcing global non-hydrostatic atmospheric model performance verification

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