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Agricultural Land Use Effects on climate over China as Simulated by a Regional climate Model

Acta meteorologica Sinica 2010年第2期24卷 215-224页

作者：张冬峰高学杰石英 GIORGI Filippo 董文杰 National climate Center The Abdus Salam International centre for Theoretical Physics College of Global change and Earth system Beijing Normal University

The Abdus Salam International centre for Theoretical Physics（ICTP） Regional climate Model version 3（RegCM3） is used to investigate the climate effects of land use change related to agriculture over *** model is driven by the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecast 40-yr Re-Analysis（ERA40） *** sets of experiments for 15 yr（1987-2001） are conducted,one with the potential vegetation cover and the other the agricultural land use（AG）.The results show that the AG effects on temperature are weak over northern China while in southern China a significant cooling is found in both winter（DecemberJanuary-February） and summer（June-July-August）.The mean cooling in the sub-regions of South China（SC） in winter and the sub-regions of Southeast（SE） China in summer are found to be the greatest,up to 0.5°and 0.8 ℃ ,*** general,the change of AG leads to a decrease of annual mean temperature by 0.5-1 ℃ in southern *** change of precipitation in western China and a decrease of precipitation in eastern China are simulated in winter,with the maximum reduction reaching-7.5% over SE.A general decrease of precipitation over northern China and an increase over southern China are simulated in summer,in particular over SE where the increase of precipitation can be up to 7.3%.The AG effects on temperature and precipitation show strong interannual *** of the climate effects between AG and the present-day land use（LU） is also *** southern China,the ratio of temperature（precipitation） changes caused by AG and LU is greater than（closer to） the ratio of the number of grid cells with changed vegetation cover due to AG and LU variations.

关键词： agricultural land use regional climate model regional climate change

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Observed Trends in Extreme Temperature over the Klang Valley, Malaysia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第12期36卷 1355-1370页

作者： Ahmad Norazhar Mohd YATIM Mohd Talib LATIF Fatimah AHAMAD Md Firoz KHAN Mohd Shahrul Mohd NADZIR Liew JUNENG Space Science centre Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia centre for tropical climate change system Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

This study investigates the recent extreme temperature trends across 19 stations in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, over the period 2006^-16. Fourteen extreme index trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test, with Sen’s slope as a magnitude estimator. Generally, the annual daily mean temperature, daily mean maximum temperature, and daily mean minimum temperature in the Klang Valley increased significantly, by 0.07°C yr^-1, 0.07°C yr^-1 and 0.08°C yr^-1, respectively. For the warm temperature indices, the results indicated a significant upward trend for the annual maximum of maximum temperature, by 0.09°C yr^-1, and the annual maximum of minimum temperature, by 0.11°C yr^-1. The results for the total number of warm days and warm nights showed significant increasing trends of 5.02 d yr^-1 and 6.92 d yr^-1, respectively. For the cold temperature indices, there were upward trends for the annual minimum of maximum temperature, by 0.09°C yr^-1, and the annual minimum of minimum temperature, by 0.03°C yr^-1, concurrent with the decreases in the total number cold days (TX10P), with -3.80 d yr^-1, and cold nights (TN10P), with -4.33 d yr^-1. The 34°C and 37°C summer days results showed significant upward trends of 4.10 d yr^-1 and 0.25 d yr^-1, respectively. Overall, these findings showed upward warming trends in the Klang Valley, with the minimum temperature rate increasing more than that of the maximum temperature, especially in urban areas.

关键词： climate change extreme temperature trend urban environment tropical area

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Adjusting to climate:Acclimation,adaptation and developmental plasticity in physiological traits of a tropical rainforest lizard

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 411-427页

作者： John LLEWELYN Stewart L.MACDONALD Craig MORITZ Felipe MARTINS AmberleeHATCHER Ben L.PHILLIPS centre for tropical Biodiversity and climate change James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia CSIRO Land and Water TownsvilleQueenslandAustralia centre for Biodiversity Analysis Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia School of BioSciences University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

The impact of climate change may be felt most keenly by tropical *** these taxa,it is argued,thermal specialization means a given shift in temperature will have a larger effect on *** species with limited dispersal ability,the impact of climate change depends on the capacity for their climate-relevant traits to *** shifts can occur through genetic adaptation,various forms of plasticity,or a combination of these *** we assess the extent and causes of shifts in 7 physiological traits in a tropical lizard,the rainforest sunskink(Lampropholis coggeri).Two populations were sampled that differ from each other in both climate and physiological *** compared trait values in each animal soon after field collection versus following acclimation to laboratory *** also compared trait values between populations in:(i)recently field-collected animals;(ii)the same animals following laboratory acclimation;and(iii)the laboratory-reared offspring of these *** results reveal high trait lability,driven primarily by acclimation and local *** contrast,developmental plasticity,resulting from incubation temperature,had little to no effect on most *** results suggest that,while specialized,tropical ectotherms may be capable of rapid shifts in climate-relevant traits.

关键词： acclimation adaptation climate change ectotherm reptile

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Physical Processes Responsible for the Interannual Variability of Sea Ice Concentration in Arctic in Boreal Autumn since 1979

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第3期31卷 468-475页

作者： Lei ZHANG Tim LI climate Dynamics Research Center and Earth system Modeling Center International Laboratory on Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science & Technology Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaii

Arctic sea ice concentration （ASIC） in boreal autumn exhibits prominent interannual variability since 1979. The physical mechanism responsible for the year-to-year variation of ASIC is investigated through observational data analyses and idealized numerical modeling. It is found that the ASIC interannual variability is closely associated with the anomalous meridional circulations over the Northern Hemisphere, which is further linked with the tropical sea surface temperature （SST） forcing. A tropics-wide SST cooling anomaly leads to an enhanced meridional SST gradi- ent to the north of the equator in boreal summer, generating strengthened and northward shifting Hadley circulation over the Northern Hemisphere. Consequently, the meridional circulations are enhanced and pushed poleward, lead- ing to an enhanced descending motion at the North Pole, surrounded by an ascending motion anomaly; the surface outflow turns into easterly anomalies, opposing the mean-state winds. As a result, positive cloudiness and weakened surface wind speed emerge, which reduce ASIC through changes in the surface latent heat flux and the downward longwave radiation.

关键词： Arctic sea ice variability interannual variability tropical forcing meridional circulations

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Atmospheric HONO formation during and after the Spring Festival holidays in a coastal city of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 251-263页

作者： Xue Ni Cuizhi Sun Yongyun Zhang Baoling Liang Shengzhen Zhou Guangdong Lan Jun Zhao School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studiesand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for climate Environment and Air Quality change in the Pearl River Estuary Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of tropical Atmosphere-Ocean system Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

Nitrous acid(HONO)is an important source of hydrogen oxides(HOx),which affects air quality,the atmospheric oxidation capacity,and human ***,we present ambient measurements of the HONO concentrations in Zhuhai,a coastal city in Southern China,from February 7 to March 15,*** campaign was classified into two periods during(P1)and after(P2)the Spring Festival *** average HONO mixing ratio during P2(1.19±0.85 ppbv)was much higher than that during P1(0.24±0.18 ppbv),likely due to the contribution of homogeneous HONO *** nighttime,the heterogeneous conversion rate during P2(0.0089/hr)was considerably higher than that during P1(0.0057/hr),suggesting a higher heterogeneous NO_(2) conversion ***,the heterogeneous NO_(2) conversion was the dominant way during P1 with a high percentage of 88%,while comparable ratios of heterogeneous and homogeneous formation were found(54%vs.46%)during P2,indicating that the homogeneous formation was also important during *** daytime,homogeneous reaction was the major known pathway,with a contribution of 16%during P1 and 27%during P2,leaving large unknown HONO sources which reasonably correlated with the photo-enhanced NO_(2) *** case scenarios were additionally explored,showing that there might be a primary emission source during one scenario(February 17-18)and vehicle emissions might be the major unknown HONO source for another scenario(March 3–5).The results suggest that large unknown daytime sources still exist which need more future ambient and laboratory studies.

关键词： Nitrous acid Nocturnal and daytime budget Heterogeneous conversion Homogeneous formation Coastal area

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Composition of carbohydrates, surfactants, major elements and anions in PM2.5 during the 2013 Southeast Asia high pollution episode in Malaysia

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 119-126页

作者： Shoffian Amin Jaafar Mohd Talib Latif Intan Suraya Razak Nurul Bahiyah Abd Wahid Md Firoz Khan Thunwadee Srithawirat School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Institute for Environment and Development (Lestari) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan ldris 35900 Tanjung Malim Perak Malaysia centre for tropical climate change system (IKLIM) Institute of Climate Change Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science and Technology Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University Phitsanulok Thailand

Haze episodes have become a major concern in Malaysia over the past few decades and have an increasingly important impact on the country each and every year. During haze episodes from biomass burning in Southeast Asia, particularly from Sumatra, Indonesia, particulate matter PM2.5 is found to be one of the dangerous sources of airborne pollution and is known to seriously affect human health. This study determines the composition of carbohydrates （as levoglucosan）, surfactants, major elements, and anions in PM2.5 during a 2013 haze episode. PM2.5 samples were collected from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, using a high volume sampler during a seven-day monitoring campaign during the peak of that year＇s haze episode. PM2.5 concentrations ranged between 14.52 and 160.93 μg/m3, exceeding the 2005 WHO air quality guidelines for PM2.5 （25 μg/m3 for 24-h mean）. The patterns for levoglucosan, surfactants, major elements, and anionic compositions were proportional to the PM2.5 concentrations. changes in PM2.5 observed on days 3 and 4 were influenced by a combination of meteorological factors, which substantiate the theory that such factors play a pivotal role in haze episodes.

关键词： Aerosol Biomass burning Levoglucosan Surfactant Haze Inorganic composition

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Improvement of an Extreme Heavy Rainfall Simulation Using Nudging Assimilation

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第2期35卷 313-328页

作者： Taichen FENG Zhiyuan HU Shankai TANG Jianping HUANG Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid climate change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System of Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082

From 21 to 22 July 2012, Beijing and its surrounding areas suffered from an extreme precipitation event that was unprecedented relative to the past 61 years, and the event caused 79 deaths and reported direct economic losses of11.64 billion Yuan. However, current models have difficulty to simulate the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of such events. Therefore, improved simulations of these extreme precipitation processes are needed. In this study, nudging methods, including grid nudging(GN) and spectral nudging(SN), and more accurate surface type data retrieved from remote sensing were used in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model to simulate this extreme precipitation case. When the default city underlay surface of the WRF model was replaced by a more accurate urban surface(NU), the precipitation intensity could be better simulated, but the peak moment of precipitation seriously lagged. Although the peak precipitation intensity simulated by the GN experiment was weak, the simulated precipitation time was basically consistent with the observations. Using GN in only the outside domain could better simulate precipitation peaks, while using GN in both the inside and outside domains could better simulate the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation. Additionally, the precipitation from GN could be better simulated than that from SN. Overall, the two nudging methods could contribute to better simulations of this case because the nudging methods could improve the simulations of 500-hPa geopotential height, 850-hPa water vapor transport, and low-level weather systems, which are the key factors in adjusting the spatial and temporal distributions of precipitation. This study is the basis for the investigation of the mechanism and attribution of extreme precipitation processes,and the results are of great significance for promoting understanding of and mitigating disasters caused by extreme precipitation.

关键词： extreme heavy precipitation grid nudging(GN) Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model

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Air–Sea Coupling Enhances the East Asian Winter climate Response to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第12期32卷 1647-1659页

作者： ZHOU Xiaomin LI Shuanglin LUO Feifei GAO Yongqi Tore FUREVIK Nansen-Zhu International Research centre and climate change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Joint Center for Global change Studies University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Geophysical Institute and Bjerknes Center for climate Research University of Bergen

A simple air-sea coupled model, the atmospheric general circulation model （AGCM） of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction coupled to a mixed-layer slab ocean model, is employed to investigate the impact of air-sea coupling on the signals of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO）. A regional coupling strategy is applied, in which coupling is switched off in the extratropical North Atlantic Ocean but switched on in the open oceans elsewhere. The coupled model is forced with warm-phase AMO SST anomalies, and the modeled responses are compared with those from parallel uncoupled AGCM experiments with the same SST forcing. The results suggest that the regionally coupled responses not only resemble the AGCM simulation, but also have a stronger intensity. In comparison, the coupled responses bear greater similarity to the observational composite anomaly. Thus, air-sea coupling enhances the responses of the East Asian winter climate to the AMO. To determine the mechanism responsible for the coupling amplification, an additional set of AGCM experiments, forced with the AMO-induced tropical SST anomalies, is conducted. The SST anomalies are extracted from the simulated AMO-induced SST response in the regionally coupled model. The results suggest that the SST anomalies contribute to the coupling amplification. Thus, tropical air-sea coupling feedback tends to enhance the responses of the East Asian winter climate to the AMO.

关键词： amplification Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation air-sea coupling feedback East Asian winter climate

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Fast spreading of surface ozone in both temporal and spatial scale in Pearl River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 540-552页

作者： Tianhui Cao Haichao Wang Lei Li Xiao Lu Yiming Liu Shaojia Fan School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for climate Environment and Air Quality change in the Pearl River Estuary Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

Surface ozone(O_(3))is a major air pollutant and draw increasing attention in the Pearl River Delta(PRD),***,we characterize the spatial-temporal variability of ozone based on a dataset obtained from 57 national monitoring sites during *** results show that:(1)the seasonal difference of ozone distribution in the inland and coastal areas was significant,which was largely affected by the wind pattern reversals related to the East Asian monsoon,and local ozone production and destruction;(2)the daily maximum 8hr average(MDA8 O_(3))showed an overall upward trend by 1.11 ppbv/*** the trends in the nine cities varied differently by ranging from-0.12 to 2.51 ppbv/*** hot spots of ozone were spreading to southwestern areas from the central areas since *** ozone is becoming a year-round air pollution problem with the pollution season extending to winter and spring in PRD region.(3)at the central and southwestern PRD cities,the percentage of exceedance days from the continuous type(defined as≥3 days)was ***,the ozone concentration of continuous type was much higher than that of scattered exceedance type(<3 days).In addition,although the occurrence of continuous type starts to decline since2017,the total number of exceedance days during the continuous type is *** results indicate that it is more difficult to eliminate the continuous exceedance than the scatter pollution days and highlight the great challenge in mitigation of O_(3)pollution in these cities.

关键词： Surface ozone pollution Ozone trend Spatial and temporal variability Pearl River Delta Pollution mitigation

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Synthesis and optimization of high surface area mesoporous date palm fiber-based nanostructured powder activated carbon for aluminum removal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 472-484页

作者： Alfarooq O.Basheer Marlia M.Hanafiah Mohammed Abdulhakim Alsaadi Y.Al-Douri Abbas A.Al-Raad Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia centre for tropical climate change system Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600SelangorMalaysia Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center(NANOCAT) University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia National Chair of Materials Science and Metallurgy University ofNizwa611 NizawaOman University Research Center Cihan University SulaimaniyaSulaymaniyah 46002Iraq Department of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesBahcesehir University34349 BesiktasIstanbulTurkey

Date palm fiber(DPF)derived from agrowaste was utilized as a new precursor for the optimized synthesis of a costeffective,nanostructured,powderactivated carbon(nPAC)for aluminum(Al3+)removal from aqueous solutions using carbonization,KOH activation,response surface methodology(RSM)and central composite design(CCD).The optimum synthesis condition,activation temperature,time and impregnation ratio were found to be 650℃,1.09 hour and 1:1,***,the optimum conditions for removal were 99.5%and 9.958 mgg 1 in regard to uptake *** optimum conditions of nPAC was analyzed and characterized using XRD,FTIR,FESEM,BET,TGA and Zeta ***,the adsorption of the Al3+conditions was optimized with an integrated RSMCCD experimental *** results revealed that the adsorption kinetics data was well fitted by the pseudosecond order model,whereas the adsorption isotherm data was best represented by the Freundlich isotherm *** activated carbon indicated that DPF can serve as a costeffective precursor adsorbent for Al^(3+)removal.

关键词： Agricultural waste Nanocomposites Wastewater treatment Industrial applications

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