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Analysis of cerium substitution in Co-Sr based spinel ferrites for high frequency application

Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1755-1763页

作者： Laura Khudaysh Inas A.Ahmed Syeda Rabia Ejaz Sajjad Ahmad Khan Yasir A.Haleem Mohamed M.Ibrahim Mahmood Ali Hafiz Muhammad Tahir Farid Zeinhom M.El-Bahy Department of physics Faculty of ScienceJazan University Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid University Department of physics The Government Sadiq College Women University Institute of physics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif University centre of Excellence in solid state physics University of the Punjab Department of physics Government College Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University

Spinel ferrites exhibit exceptional magnetic properties,making them a distinctive class of magnetic *** sol-gel technique was utilized for the synthesis of spinel ferrites with the chemical formula Co0.6Sr0.4CexFe2-xO4. Following that,a comprehensive X-ray diffraction analysis unveiled the crystalline cubic structure of the synthesized *** the utilization of the M-H loop approach,the ferromagnetic attributes of ferrites were assessed,and the assimilation of rare earth elements led to substantial enhancements in saturation magnetization,remanence,and *** ferrites with a high concentration of rare earth elements have improved direct current resistivity and activation *** logarithm of a material's resistance increased from 5.29 to 8.12 Ω·cm as cerium is *** a change in the amount of cerium,the activation energy goes up from 0.19 to *** changing the frequency from 5.5 to 9.5 GHz,the dielectric characteristics were *** the frequency goes up,the dielectric constant goes *** ferrites that have been made better in every way can be used in high-frequency applications.

关键词： Activation energy DC electrical resistance Remanence magnetization Cobalt strontium spinel ferrites High frequency application Rare earths

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Quintessence anisotropic stellar models in quadratic and Born-Infeld modified teleparallel Rastall gravity

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Chinese physics B 2024年第3期33卷 179-189页

作者： Allah Ditta 夏铁成 Irfan Mahmood Asif Mahmood Department of Mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China centre for High Energy physics University of the PunjabLahorePakistan College of Engineering Chemical Engineering DepartmentKing Saud University RiyadhSaudi Arabia

This study aims to discuss anisotropic solutions that are spherically symmetric in the quintessence field,which describe compact stellar objects in the modified Rastall teleparallel theory of *** achieve this goal,the Krori and Barua arrangement for spherically symmetric components of the line element is *** explore the field equations by selecting appropriate off-diagonal tetrad ***-Infeld function of torsion f(T)=β√λT+1-1 and power law form h(T)=δTn are *** Born-Infeld gravity was the first modified teleparallel gravity to discuss *** use the linear equation of state pr=ξρto separate the quintessence *** obtaining the field equations,we investigate different physical parameters that demonstrate the stability and physical acceptability of the stellar *** use observational data,such as the mass and radius of the compact star candidates PSRJ 1416-2230,Cen X-3,&4U 1820-30,to ensure the physical plausibility of our findings.

关键词： anisotropic spheres quintessence field modified Rastall teleparallel gravity equation of state(EoS) f(T)gravity

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Heterostructure Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP catalyst assembled membrane electrode for high-efficiency electrocatalytic nitrate to ammonia

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4872-4881页

作者： Meng Jin Jiafang Liu Xian Zhang Shengbo Zhang Wenyi Li Dianding Sun Yunxia Zhang Guozhong Wang Haimin Zhang Laboratory of Materials physics Centre for Environmental and Energy NanomaterialsAnhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China university of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Anhui Contango New Energy Technology Co. Ltd.Hefei 230031China

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)is a promising means for generating the energy carrier ***,we report the synthesis of heterostructure copper-nickel phosphide electrocatalysts via a simple vapor-phase hydrothermal *** resultant catalysts were evaluated for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia(NH_(3))in three-type electrochemical *** detail,the regulation mechanism of the heterogeneous Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP-x for NO_(3)RR performance was systematically studied through the H-type cell,rotating disk electrode setup,and membrane-electrode-assemblies(MEA)*** a result,the Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP-0.5 displays the practicability in an MEA system with an anion exchange membrane,affording the largest ammonia yield rate(RNH_(3))of 1.9 mmol·h^(−1)·cm^(−2),exceeding most of the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction electrocatalysts reported to *** theoretical calculations and in-situ spectroscopy characterizations uncover that the formed heterointerface in Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP is beneficial for promoting nitrate adsorption,activation,and conversion to ammonia through the successive hydrodeoxygenation pathway.

关键词： electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia three-type reactors membrane-electrode-assemblies system operando ATR-IRRAS successive hydrodeoxygenation pathway

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Dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition in two-dimensional 1T-TaSe2

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 108-118页

作者： Ning Tian Zhe Huang Bo Gyu Jang Shuaifei Guo Ya-Jun Yan Jingjing Gao Yijun Yu Jinwoong Hwang Cenyao Tang Meixiao Wang Xuan Luo Yu Ping Sun Zhongkai Liu Dong-Lai Feng Xianhui Chen Sung-Kwan Mo Minjae Kim Young-Woo Son Dawei Shen Wei Ruan Yuanbo Zhang state Key Laboratory of Surface physics New Cornerstone Science Laboratory and Department of PhysicsFudan University Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan University state Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology(SIMIT)Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Korea Institute for Advanced Study School of Emerging Technology and Department of physics University of Science and Technology of China Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological physics Key Laboratory of Materials physics Institute of Solid State Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation centre of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Department of physics University of Science and Technology of China and Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China

Two-dimensional materials represent a major frontier for research into exotic many-body quantum phenomena. In the extreme two-dimensional limit, electron-electron interaction often dominates over other electronic energy scales, leading to strongly correlated effects such as quantum spin liquid and unconventional *** dominance is conventionally attributed to the lack of electron screening in the third dimension. Here, we discover an intriguing metal to Mott insulator transition in 1T-TaSe2that defies conventional wisdom. Specifically, we find that dimensionality crossover, instead of reduced screening, drives the transition in atomically thin 1T-TaSe2. A dispersive band crossing the Fermi level is found to be responsible for the bulk metallicity in the material. Reducing the dimensionality,however, effectively quenches the kinetic energy of these initially itinerant electrons, and drives the material into a Mott insulating *** dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition resolves the long-standing dichotomy between metallic bulk and insulating surface of 1T-TaSe2. Our work further reveals a new pathway for modulating two-dimensional materials that enables exploring strongly correlated systems across uncharted parameter space.

关键词： two-dimensional materials 1T-TaSe2 dimensionality crossover metal to Mott insulator transition

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Influence of cerium ions on structure-dependent magnetic properties of Ba-Sr M-type hexaferrite nanocrystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 364-372,I0005页

作者： Ram A.Pawar Sunil M.Patange P.M.Dighe Sher Singh Meena Abdullah GAl-Sehemi Mehboobali Pannipara Santosh S.Jadhav Department of physics ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeAhmednagar413711MaharashtraIndia Department of physics Shri Krishna MahavidyalayaGunjotiDistOsmanabad413606MaharashtraIndia Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts Science and CommercePravaranagarA/P.Loni(Kd)Tal.RahataDistAhmednagar413713MaharashtraIndia solid state physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai400085MaharashtraIndia Department of Chemistry King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of physics D.S.M's ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia

The present study is a systematic effort to investigate the structure-sensitive magnetic parameters of Ce^(3+) substituted Ba-Sr hexaferrite nanocrystals chemically formulated as Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Ce_(x)Fe_(12-x)O_(19) where x=0.0-0.2 with Δx=*** hexaferrite powders were prepared using the sol-gel self-ignition route and structurally characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared *** creation of the M-type hexaferrite phase within the synthesized samples was revealed from the Rietveld refinement of the X-ray *** occurrence of a secondary phase of CeO_(2) was revealed within the hexaferrites for the substitution,x> *** refined X-ray diffraction data were utilized to compute the lattice parameters,X-ray density,and lattice parameter *** crystal structure plotted from the refined XRD data reveals the occupancy of the ions at different lattice *** XPS data of the hexaferrite were analyzed to confirm the oxidation states of the constituent *** nanocrystalline nature of the hexaferrites was revealed from the crystallite sizes calculated using Scherer's *** analysis of FTIR spectra confirms that only a fraction of Ce^(3+)accommodated in the lattice and the remaining Ce content reside in the form of the CeO_(2) *** morphology of the hexaferrites was analyzed from the FESEM profiles of the ferrite *** magnetic behavior study was performed by analyzing the Curie temperature,hysteresis loops,and hyperfine interactions by means of susceptibility,V.S.M,and Mossbauer spectroscopy,*** hexaferrites with increasing coercivity,decreasing saturation magnetization,and decreasing Curie temperature are reported in the *** substituted Ce^(3+)ions inhibit the grain growth and create lattice imperfections giving rise to hexaferrites with tuned magnetic parameters suitable for different applications.

关键词： Ba-Sr hexaferrite Ce^(3+)substitution XPS Saturation magnetization Coercivity M?ssbauer spectroscopy

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Oxygen‑Coordinated Single Mn Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 147-159页

作者： Shengbo Zhang Yuankang Zha Yixing Ye Ke Li Yue Lin Lirong Zheng Guozhong Wang Yunxia Zhang Huajie Yin Tongfei Shi Haimin Zhang Laboratory of Materials physics Centre for Environmental and Energy NanomaterialsAnhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China university of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Sensors Ministry of AgricultureSchool of Information and ComputerAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences19B Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction has attracted increasing attention due to its goal of low carbon emission and environmental ***,we report an efficient NitRR catalyst composed of single Mn sites with atomically dispersed oxygen(O)coordination on bacterial cellulose-converted graphitic carbon(Mn-O-C).Evidence of the atomically dispersed Mn-(O-C_(2))_(4)moieties embedding in the exposed basal plane of carbon surface is confirmed by X-ray absorption *** a result,the as-synthesized Mn-O-C catalyst exhibits superior NitRR activity with an NH_(3)yield rate(RNH_(3))of 1476.9±62.6μg h^(−1)cm^(−2)at−0.7 V(*** hydrogen electrode,RHE)and a faradaic efficiency(FE)of 89.0±3.8%at−0.5 V(***)under ambient ***,when evaluated with a practical flow cell,Mn-O-C shows a high RNH_(3)of 3706.7±552.0μg h^(−1)cm^(−2)at a current density of 100 mA cm−2,2.5 times of that in the H *** in situ FT-IR and Raman spectroscopic studies combined with theoretical calculations indicate that the Mn-(O-C_(2))_(4)sites not only effectively inhibit the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction,but also greatly promote the adsorption and activation of nitrate(NO_(3)^(−)),thus boosting both the FE and selectivity of NH_(3)over Mn-(O-C_(2))_(4)sites.

关键词： Atomically dispersed Oxygen coordination Nitrate reduction reaction In situ spectroscopic studies Hydrogen evolution reaction

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Engineering the axial coordination of cobalt single atom catalysts for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5114-5121页

作者： Ning Kang Lingwen Liao Xue Zhang Zhen He Binlu Yu Jiahong Wang Yongquan Qu Paul KChu Seeram Ramakrishna Xue-Feng Yu Xin Wang Licheng Bai Materials Interfaces Center Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Materials physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center(NPMM) City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China National university of Singapore(NUS)centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117542Singapore

Improving the catalytic activity of non-noble metal single atom catalysts(SACs)has attracted considerable attention in materials *** optimizing the local electronic structure of single atom can greatly improve their catalytic activity,it often involves in-plane modulation and requires high ***,we report a novel strategy to manipulate the local electronic structure of SACs via the modulation of axial Co-S bond anchored onto graphitic carbon nitride(C_(3)N_(4))at room temperature(RT).Each Co atom is bonded to four N atoms and one S atom(Co-(N,S)/C_(3)N_(4)).Owing to the greater electronegativity of S in the Co-S bond,the local electronic structure of the Co atoms is available to be controlled at a relatively moderate ***,when employed for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction,the adsorption energy of intermediate hydrogen(H*)on the Co atoms is remarkably *** the presence of the Co-(N,S)/C_(3)N_(4)SACs,the hydrogen evolution rates reach up to 10 mmol/(g·h),which is nearly 10 and 2.5 times greater than the rates in the presence of previously reported transition metal/C_(3)N_(4)and noble platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs)/C_(3)N_(4)catalysts,*** to the tailorable axial Co-S bond in the SAC,the local electronic structure of the Co atoms can be further optimized for other photocatalytic *** axial coordination engineering strategy is universal in catalyst designing and can be used for a variety of photocatalytic applications.

关键词： transition metal single-atom local electronic structure photocatalytic hydrogen evolution graphitic carbon nitride axial coordination environment

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A Polyvinyl Alcohol/Acrylamide Hydrogel with Enhanced Mechanical Properties Promotes Full-Thickness Skin Defect Healing by Regulating Immunomodulation and Angiogenesis Through Paracrine Secretion

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 138-151页

作者： Peng Wang Liping Qian Huixin Liang Jianhao Huang Jing Jin Chunmei Xie Bin Xue Jiancheng Lai Yibo Zhang Lifeng Jiang Lan Li Qing Jiang state Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for 3D Bioprinting Nanjing 210008China Institute of Medical 3D Printing Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China centre for Experimental Animals Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China College of Aeroplane Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China National Laboratory of solid state Microstructures Department of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineOrthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310009China

Hydrogel-based tissue-engineered skin has attracted increased attention due to its potential to restore the structural integrity and functionality of ***,the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds and natural skin are substantially ***,we developed a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/acrylamide based interpenetrating network(IPN)hydrogel that was surface modified with polydopamine(PDA)and termed *** Dopa-gel exhibited mechanical properties similar to native skin tissue and a superior ability to modulate paracrine ***,a tough scaffold with tensile resistance was fabricated using this hydrogel by three-dimensional *** results showed that the interpenetration of PVA,alginate,and polyacrylamide networks notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the *** modification with PDA endowed the hydrogels with increased secretion of immunomodulatory and proangiogenic *** an in vivo model,Dopa-gel treatment accelerated wound closure,increased vascularization,and promoted a shift in macrophages from a proinflammatory M1 phenotype to a prohealing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype within the wound ***,the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)signaling pathway may mediate the promotion of skin defect healing by increasing paracrine secretion via the ***,proangiogenic factors can be induced through Rho-associated kinase-2(ROCK-2)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-mediated paracrine secretion under tensile stress *** together,these findings suggest that the multifunctional Dopa-gel,which has good mechanical properties similar to those of native skin tissue and enhanced immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties,is a promising scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.

关键词： Polyvinyl alcohol/acrylamide hydrogel Mechanical property enhancement Paracrine effect Skin regeneration Signaling pathways

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Room-temperature ferromagnetism and piezoelectricity in metalfree 2D semiconductor crystalline carbon nitride

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5670-5679页

作者： Yong Wang Dingyi Yang Wei Xu Yongjie Xu Yu Zhang Zixuan Cheng Yizhang Wu Xuetao Gan Wei Zhong Yan Liu Genquan Han Yue Hao Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines state Key Laboratory School of MicroelectronicsAcademy of Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchXidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Emerging Device and Chip Laboratory Hangzhou Institute of TechnologyXidian UniversityHangzhou 311200China INRS centre for Energy Materials and Telecommunications1650 Boul.Lionel BouletVarennesQC J3X 1P7Canada National Laboratory of solid state Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for NanotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China School of Education Jiangsu Open UniversityNanjing 210036China Department of physics Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Department of Applied Physical Sciences The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technologyand Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129 China

Two-dimensional(2D)materials that combine ferromagnetic,semiconductor,and piezoelectric properties hold significant potential for both fundamental research and spin electronic ***,the majority of reported 2D ferromagnetic-semiconductor-piezoelectric materials rely on d-electron systems,which limits their practical applications due to a Curie temperature lower than room temperature(RT).Here,we report a high-crystallinity carbon nitride(CCN)material based on sp-electrons using a chemical vapor deposition *** exhibits a band gap of 1.8 eV and has been confirmed to possess substantial in-plane and out-of-plane ***,we acquired clear evidences of ferromagnetic behavior at room *** structural characterizations combined with theoretical calculations reveal that incorporating structural oxygen into the highly ordered heptazine structure causes partial substitution of nitrogen sites,which is primarily responsible for generating room-temperature ferromagnetism and *** a result,the strain in wrinkles can effectively modulate the domain behavior and piezoelectric potential at room *** addition of RT ferromagnetic-semiconductor-piezoelectric material based on sp-electrons to the family of two-dimensional materials opens up numerous possibilities for novel applications in fundamental research and spin electronic devices.

关键词： crystallinity carbon nitride room-temperature ferromagnetism piezoelectricity magnetic force microscopy density functional theory(DFT)calculations

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机械性能增强的聚乙烯醇/丙烯酰胺水凝胶通过旁分泌作用调节免疫和血管化过程促进皮肤缺损的修复（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第6期 138-151页

作者：王鹏钱丽萍梁绘昕黄剑浩金晶谢春梅薛斌赖建诚张祎博蒋利锋李澜蒋青 state Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Department of Orthopedic Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing University Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for 3D Bioprinting Institute of Medical 3D Printing Nanjing University centre for Experimental Animals Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing University College of Aeroplane Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Laboratory of solid state Microstructures Department of Physics Nanjing University Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Orthopedic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Orthopedic Research Institute of Zhejiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province

Hydrogel-based tissue-engineered skin has attracted increased attention due to its potential to restore the structural integrity and functionality of skin. However, the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds and natural skin are substantially different. Here, we developed a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/acrylamide based interpenetrating network(IPN) hydrogel that was surface modified with polydopamine(PDA) and termed Dopa-gel. The Dopa-gel exhibited mechanical properties similar to native skin tissue and a superior ability to modulate paracrine functions. Furthermore, a tough scaffold with tensile resistance was fabricated using this hydrogel by three-dimensional printing. The results showed that the interpenetration of PVA, alginate, and polyacrylamide networks notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. Surface modification with PDA endowed the hydrogels with increased secretion of immunomodulatory and proangiogenic factors. In an in vivo model, Dopa-gel treatment accelerated wound closure, increased vascularization, and promoted a shift in macrophages from a proinflammatory M1 phenotype to a prohealing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype within the wound ***, the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK) signaling pathway may mediate the promotion of skin defect healing by increasing paracrine secretion via the ***, proangiogenic factors can be induced through Rho-associated kinase-2(ROCK-2)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-mediated paracrine secretion under tensile stress conditions. Taken together, these findings suggest that the multifunctional Dopa-gel, which has good mechanical properties similar to those of native skin tissue and enhanced immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties, is a promising scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.

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