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Microbiological and chemical hazards of commercial attieke (a fermented cassava product) produced in the south of Côte d’Ivoire

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food Quality and Safety 2019年第3期3卷 187-190页

作者： Kouamé Kohi Alfred Bouatenin Koffi Maizan Jean Pau Djeni N’Dede Théodore Dje Koffi Marcellin Department of food Sciences and Technology Laboratory of Biotechnology and food MicrobiologyUniversity of Nangui AbrogouaAbidjanCôte d’Ivoire food security Research Group Centre Suisse de Recherche ScientifiqueAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

Objectives:Information on the distribution and presence of microbiology and chemical hazard of commercial attieke(a fermented cassava product)produced in the south of Côte d’Ivoire were *** and Methods:Microbiological analyses and chemical were carried out,which included the total viable bacteria,Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella and Bacillus spores,heavy metal(pb,Cd,Mn,Fe,Cu,and Cr).Results and Conclusions:The results revealed that the viable bacteria counts ranged from in all of *** aureus counts in the samples were comprised between(1.8±0.4)10^(2)(Jacqueville localitie)and(4.3±1.8)10^(3)(Abidjan localitie).While that of Bacillus cereus was ranged from(1.1±0.9)10^(2)(Adzopélocalitie)and(5.1±3.2)10^(2)(Abidjan localitie).Salmonella *** not *** levels of Pb in all samples were between 2.2±0.1 mg/kg(Grand-lahou localitie)and 4.5 mg/kg±0.15(Abidjan localitie)while the Cd levels of the samples varied between 0.02±0.1 mg/kg(Adzopélocalitie)and 0.07±0.1 mg/kg(Divo localitie).The levels of Cr in the samples were comprised between 0.1±0.03 mg/kg(Adzopélocalitie)and 0.95±0.1 mg/kg(Abidjan localitie)while Fe(7.3±1.5 mg/kg)and Cu(1.7±0.2 mg/kg)levels were the highest,respectively in Sikensi and Grand-Lahou *** from Divo localitie contained high amounts of Mn(1.6±0.1 mg/kg).The occurrence of some microbiological and chemical hazard that commercial attieke collected in Cote d’Ivoire may act as a reservoir of pathogenic micro-organisms and heavy metal for human.

关键词： attieke heavy metal microbiogical and chemical hazard

Predictors of Meningitis in Under-Fifteen Children Attending an Intensive Care Unit of an Urban Large Diarrheal Disease Hospital in Bangladesh

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food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第2期5卷 169-176页

作者： Farzana Afroze Tahmeed Ahmed Shafiqul Alam Sarker Abu S. G. Faruque Hasan Ashraf Pradip Kumar Bardhan Sumon Kumar Das Mohammod Jobayer Chisti centre for Nutrition and food security (CNFS) International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh centre for Nutrition and food security (CNFS) International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh School of Population health The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia.

Background: Data are lack on predicting features of meningitis in diarrheal children although the great clinical importance. Objective: To evaluate clinical and laboratory features in predicting meningitis in under-fifteen children having diarrheal illnesses. Methods: Children aged 1 month to 15 years, admitted in the ICU of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr, b between March 2011 and February 2012 with fever and seizure or altered consciousness and having LP done were enrolled into this analysis. Those children who had abnormal CSF findings [pleocytosis (normal range of leukocyte, 0 - 10/mm3) and/or elevated protein (normal range, 0.10 - 0.45 mg/dl) and low glucose (normal value, 60% of corresponding blood glucose)] were defined as meningitis. Comparison was made between children with (cases = 17) and without meningitis (controls = 66) from our study children. Data were retrospectively collected from SHEBA, an online database system of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr, b. Results: Death was significantly higher among the cases compared to the controls (29% vs. 3%, p = 0.003). In logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, cases frequently had hypoxemia (95% CI 1.55 - 21.93), absent peripheral pulse (95% CI 1.95 - 27.13) and neutrophilia (95% CI 1.13 - 17.00). Conclusion: Our data suggest that children with meningitis had higher case fatality rate. Simple independent predictors of meningitis such as hypoxemia, absent peripheral pulse, and neutrophilia may help clinicians to initiate early and prompt management in order to curve lifelong sequel due to meningitis and death in such patient population especially those in resource poor settings.

关键词： Children Diarrhea Hypoxemia Meningitis Neutrophilia Peripheral Pulse

Elucidating Variations in Nitrogen Requirement According to Yield, Variety and Cropping System for Chinese Rice Production

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 358-363页

作者： ZHANG Yi CHEN Xinping MA Wenqi CUI Zhenling centre for Resources Environment and Food Security China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 (China) College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 (China) College of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 (China)

Better understanding of the factors that influence crop nitrogen(N) requirement plays an important role in improving regional N recommendations for rice(Oryza sativa L.) production. We collected data from 1 280 plot-level measurements in different reaches of the Yangtze River, China to determine which factors contributed to variability in N requirement in rice. Yield, variety, and cropping system were significantly related to N requirement. The N requirement remained consistent at about 18.6 kg N Mg^(-1)grain as grain yield increased from 7 to 9 Mg ha^(-1), then decreased to 18.1, 16.9, and 15.9 kg N Mg^(-1)grain as yield increased to 9–10, 10–11, and > 11 Mg ha^(-1), respectively. The decreased requirement for N with increasing yield was attributable to declining N concentrations in grain and straw and increased harvest index. Super rice variety had lower N requirement(17.7 kg N Mg^(-1)grain) than ordinary inbred and hybrid varieties(18.5 and 18.3 kg N Mg^(-1)grain, respectively), which was a result of lower grain and straw N concentrations of super rice. The N requirements were 19.2, 17.8, and 17.5 kg N Mg^(-1)grain for early, middle, and late rice cropping systems, respectively. In conclusion, the rice N requirement was affected by multiple factors, including yield, variety, and cropping system, all of which should be considered when planning for optimal N management.

关键词： grain and straw N concentrations grain yield harvest index N management plant N uptake reciprocal internalefficiency

BioClay^(TM)prolongs RNA interference-mediated crop protection against Botrytis cinerea

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第11期64卷 2187-2198页

作者： Jonatan Niño-Sánchez Prabhakaran T.Sambasivam Anne Sawyer Rachael Hamby Angela Chen Elizabeth Czislowski Peng Li Narelle Manzie Donald M.Gardiner Rebecca Ford Zhi Ping Xu Neena Mitter Hailing Jin Department of Microbiology&Plant Pathology Center for Plant Cell BiologyInstitute for Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCalifornia92521USA Department of Plant Production and Forest Resources University of ValladolidPalencia 34004Spain iuFOR‐Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid–INIAPalencia 34004Spain centre for planetary health and food security Griffith UniversityNathanQueensland4111Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and food Innovation Centre for Horticultural ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia School of Agriculture and food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia

One of the most promising tools for the control of fungal plant diseases is spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS).In SIGS,small interfering RNA(siRNA)or double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)targeting essential or virulence-related pathogen genes are exogenously applied to plants and postharvest products to trigger RNA interference(RNAi)of the targeted genes,inhibiting fungal growth and ***,SIGS is limited by the unstable nature of RNA under environmental *** use of layered double hydroxide or clay particles as carriers to deliver biologically active dsRNA,a formulation termed BioClay^(TM),can enhance RNA durability on plants,prolonging its activity against ***,we demonstrate that dsRNA delivered as BioClay can prolong protection against Botrytis cinerea,a major plant fungal pathogen,on tomato leaves and fruit and on mature chickpea *** increased the protection window from 1 to 3 weeks on tomato leaves and from 5 to 10 days on tomato fruits,when compared with naked *** flowering chickpea plants,BioClay provided prolonged protection for up to 4 weeks,covering the critical period of poding,whereas naked dsRNA provided limited *** research represents a major step forward for the adoption of SIGS as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fungicides.

关键词： Bio Clay double stranded RNA layered double hydroxide RNA interference spray-induced gene silencing

Metabolomics for quality assessment of poultry meat and eggs

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food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 27-40页

作者： M.S.Yogeswari Jinap Selamat Nuzul Noorahya Jambari Alf Khatib Mohd Hishammfariz Mohd Amin Suganya Murugesu Laboratory of food Safety and food Integrity Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food SecurityUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of food Science Faculty of Food Science and TechnologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Kulliyyah of PharmacyInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuantanPahang Darul MakmurMalaysia Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia Department of Veterinary Service Malaysia Federal Government Administration CentrePutrajayaMalaysia

The poultry industry is experiencing rapid growth *** accelerated growth has led to multiple food fraud incidents across the food supply chain,which consequently created a demand for precise determination of quality poultry *** increase in demand for precise poultry production quality has necessitated advanced *** has emerged as a viable solution by offering detailed differentiation of biochemical indicators throughout the poultry supply ***,this study provides a means to address risk factors affecting the poultry industry without compromising animal welfare,which is a critical *** review focuses on important issues related to poultry product quality *** adulteration has escalated in recent years as it is driven by the increasing focus on consuming high-quality and nutritious ***,there is no specifc guideline for such determinations,especially when appearance,texture,and taste can be manipulated by substituting for food *** can pave the way for a deeper understanding of existing and novel biochemical indicators responsible for determining the quality of poultry meat and *** approach holds the potential to enhance the overall quality of poultry meat and egg products while also preventing food fraud.

关键词： Poultry metabolomics welfare application authentication.

IMPROVING FERTILIZATION METHODS AND CROPPING SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF PEARL MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) IN WEST AFRICA: A REVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第4期9卷 588-601页

作者： Philippe YAMEOGO Saturnin ZIGANI Xiaoqiang JIAO Hongyan ZHANG Junling ZHANG centre for Resources Environment and Food SecurityCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

West African countries are among the larger global millet producers but have low yields mainly due to the low quality of their marginal *** objectives of this work were to analyze the benefits and constraints of pearl millet production,to summarize the impact of different cropping systems and fertilization modes while proposing a holistic approach for sustainable *** major constraints on millet yields are low rates or absence of fertilizers,unsuitable cropping systems,and the proliferation of pests and *** with cowpea is a widely used cropping system in addition to crop rotation,monocropping and agroforestry *** is the best fertilization mode for West African *** is concluded that integrated systems(breeding new cultivars,intercropping and microdosing)in tied ridges or infiltration pit practices,sustained by the implementation of innovative approaches such as the‘Science and Technology Backyards’from China are a promising approach for increasing pearl millet *** addition,policies such as land protection of the farmers and subsidies of inputs from the government and the effective involvement of farmers and extension officers are necessary in sustaining millet production in West Africa.

关键词： integrated management system pearl millet Science and Technology Backyard West Africa

Weight Gain in Malnourished Children after 5 Months food Supplementation in a Slum Setting in Bangladesh

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food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第14期5卷 1370-1378页

作者： Mustafa Mahfuz Tahmeed Ahmed A. M. Shamsir Ahmed M. Munirul Islam M. I. Hossain centre for Nutrition and food security International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr b) Dhaka Bangladesh

We examined the rate of weight gain and absolute weight gain of underweight children (weight- for-age Z score < -2) aged between 6 - 24 months living in a slum of Dhaka city, in response to two different regimens of s... 详细信息

We examined the rate of weight gain and absolute weight gain of underweight children (weight- for-age Z score healthy group of children from the same locality. In total 161 children, including 68 healthy children representing the control group, were enrolled for the 5 months supplementation. The two regimens of feeding were either ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF, Plumpy’Nut) or locally made cereal-based supplementary food Pushti packet which was recommended in the National Nutritional Program. No food supplementation was provided to control children. All children received vitamin A as part of the six-monthly national program, albendazole for deworming, immunization, and health and nutrition education. Multiple micronutrient powder (MNP) was provided only to Pushti packet and control children. The rate of weight gain on RUTF was 1.69 g/kg/day during the first month and gradually declined to 0.9 g/kg/day at the final month of the trial, whereas, the rate of weight gain on Pushti packet was 0.77 g/kg/day during the first month declining to 0.70 g/kg/day at the end of the trial. Rate of weight gain in the control group was steady between 0.47 - 0.50 g/kg/day. Absolute weight gains of 1085 g, 790 g and 730 g were observed in the RUTF, Pushti packet and the control groups, respectively which were significantly higher in the RUTF group. There was no statistically significant difference between the RUTF and Pushti packet groups in terms of rate of weight gain. Overall, weight gain was unsatisfactory for both supplementation groups. Better absolute weight gain was observed with RUTF supplementation compared to Pushti packet which prevented further deterioration in weight among the malnourished children.

关键词： Malnutrition RUTF Supplementation Underweight Bangladesh

Altered Pulmonary Function among the Transport Workers in Dhaka City

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health 2014年第16期6卷 2144-2153页

作者： Mustafa Mahfuz Tahmeed Ahmed Sk. Akhtar Ahmad Manzurul Haque Khan centre for Nutrition and food security International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Occupational and Environmental health National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM) Dhaka Bangladesh

Motor vehicular exhaust is threatening to human health in Dhaka city. To find out the extent of respiratory problem among a particular cadre of transport workers, the human hauler helpers (HHH) of Dhaka city, we conducted a cross sectional study from March 2006 to June 2006. We enrolled 108 HHH from Mirpur to Mohakhali and Gabtoli to Mohakhali routes and collected data using a pre tested questionnaire including interview and physical examination. The pulmonary functions of the participants were measured with electronic spirometer. Among the participants with current respiratory problems 69% complained of gradual increase in respiratory problems and 38% gave history of feeling better on weekly holidays. Occurrence of hoarseness of voice (90%) and wheeze (71%) was extremely high among the helpers followed by cough (50%) and nasal irritation (50%). Spirometry showed 41.7% had obstructive and 4.6% had combined features of pulmonary impairment. Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents who worked 24 months or more were 6.9 times more likely to develop respiratory problem than the less exposed group (OR 6.9;95% CI 3.42, 8.41). This study provides new information on respiratory health of a specific group of transport workers in Dhaka city which warrants further evaluation with a representing sample covering other areas of Dhaka city among all transport workers.

关键词： Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Human Hauler Spirometry Helper Dhaka

Socio-demographic, host and clinical characteristics of people with typhoidal and non-typhiodal<i>Salmonella</i>gastroenteritis in urban Bangladesh

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第8期6卷 834-842页

作者： Sumon Kumar Das Mohammod Jobayer Chisti Mohammad Abdul Malek Shahnawaz Ahmed Fahmida Dil Farzana Farzana Ferdous K. M. Shahunja Mohammed Abdus Salam Tahmeed Ahmed Abu Syed Golam Faruque centre for Nutrition and food security (CNFS) International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddrb) Dhaka Bangladesh

Typhoidal (Salmonella enterica serover Typhi and Para-typhi A and B) (TS) and non-typhiodal Salmonella (NTS) gastroenteritis are less reported in Bangladesh. There is also a lack of report on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of Bangladeshi people with typhoid fever and those with non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) gastroenteritis. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the socio-demographic, host and clinical characteristics, and seasonal variations between TS and NTS infections among patients attending at a large diarrheal disease hospital in urban Bangladesh. Information were extracted from the database of icddr,b in two different age stratums (0-14 years, and 15 years and above) as 54 with TS and 199 with NTS;and 65 with TS and 239 with NTS respectively after excluding all other pathogens. Randomly selected individuals with diarrhea but without any pathogen in stool constituted the control group (n = 253 and n = 304 respectively). Among 0-14 years, fever [aOR-4.35 (95% CI-1.45-13.06)] and drink unboiled water [aOR-0.22 (95% CI-0.06-0.83)] significantly differed between TS and NTS. Significant associations were observed with lower socio-economic context [aOR-10.02 (95% CI-3.79-26.45)], unbolied drinking water [aOR-2.16 (95% CI-1.05-4.43)], fever [aOR-4.54 (95% CI-1.71-12.03)], pneumonia [aOR-21.57 (95% CI-1.90-245.01)], wasting [aOR-2.60 (95% CI-1.21-5.57)], presence of RBC [aOR-0.09 (95% CI-0.02-0.33], leucocytes [aOR-3.97 (95% CI-1.76-8.99)] and macrophage [aOR-10.71 (95% CI-2.80-41.06)] in stool and alkaline pH [aOR-2.07 (95% CI-1.08-3.97)] when compared with control group. Among ≥15 years, TS was more frequently isolated from individuals with poor socio-economic background [aOR-2.09 (95% CI-1.0-4.33)] and use non-tap drinking water [aOR-0.29 (95% CI-0.13-0.66] compared to their NTS counterparts. Reported lack of formal schooling [aOR-0.65 (95% CI-0.44-0.96)], fever [aOR-2.10 (95% CI-1.03-4.31)], hospital stay (>24 hours) [aOR-1.66 (95% CI-1.05-2.62

关键词： Bangladesh Diarrhea Non-Typhiodal Salmonella Typhoidal Salmonella Urban