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Looking for and Aiming for an Asian OR Applicable to the Public Sector

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2020年第4期8卷 537-559页

作者： Tatsuo Oyama National Graduate Institute for policy studies Tokyo 106-8677Japan

Operations research(OR)is a scientific approach for solving various types of societal problems and making decisions to deal with these problems ***,we briefly describe the history of OR,focusing on applying OR to public sectors,and then provide its characterization as a scientific method for decision ***,OR activities in Japan are introduced,emphasizing three major roles:(i)quantitative data analysis,(ii)mathematical modeling analysis,and(iii)theory building *** provide an example for each of these three types of major *** upon the analyses,we seek an Asian OR applicable to policy making in the public ***,we provide a summary and discuss future perspectives for OR.

关键词： Operations research Societal problem Decision making Public sector policy making Mathematical model Data analysis

Forecasting the effects of EU policy measures on the nitrate pollution of groundwater and surface waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 872-877页

作者： Ralf Kunkel Peter Kreins Bjrn Tetzlaff Frank Wendland Research centre Jülich Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere Institute of Rural studies Federal Agricultural Research Centre

We used the interdisciplinary model network REGFLUD to predict the actual mean nitrate concentration in percolation water at the scale of the Weser river basin （Germany） using an area differentiated （100 m × 100 m） approach. REGFLUD combines the agro-economic model RAUMIS for estimating nitrogen surpluses and the hydrological models GROWA/DENUZ for assessing the nitrate leaching from the soil. For areas showing predicted nitrate concentrations in percolation water above the European Union （EU） groundwater quality standard of 50 mg NO3-N/L, effective agri-environmental reduction measures need to be derived and implemented to improve groundwater and surface water quality by 2015. The effects of already implemented agricultural policy are quantified by a baseline scenario projecting the N-surpluses from agricultural sector to 2015. The REGFLUD model is used to estimate the effects of this scenario concerning groundwater and surface water pollution by nitrate. From the results of the model analysis the needs for additional measures can be derived in terms of required additional N-surplus reduction and in terms of regional prioritization of measures. Research work will therefore directly support the implementation of the Water Framework Directive of the European Union in the Weser basin.

关键词： catchment management diffuse source pollution mitigation methods river basin management Water Framework Directive

Integrated benefits of power generation by straw biomass--A case study on the Sheyang Straw Power Plants in Jiangsu Province,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009年第3期3卷 348-353页

作者： Xiaoshun LI Futian QU Dongmei JIANG Peixin ZHU China centre for Land policy Research Nanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjing 210095China

Power generation using straw biomass has quantifiable benefits from an economic,ecological,and sociological perspective in *** methods used to construct the assessment models of these integrated benefits were the revenue capitalization approach and the discounted-cash-flow *** results indicated that a straw power plant with the capacity of 2.50×10^(7)W and burning 1.23×10^(5)tons of cotton straw could annually supply 1.40×10^(8)kWh of ***,it would not be until six years later that these results could be *** the long term,the gross benefits could reach up to 4.63×10^(8)***,the total benefits are expected to be 1.18×10^(12)Yuan if all available straw resources are used to generate *** policy implication showed that the long-term integrated benefits of power generation by straw biomass outweighed the short-term *** is the main incentive to use straw biomass for power generation in the future.

关键词： straw biomass resources power generation renewable energy Sheyang county

Multidimensional System of Ferro-magnetic Chain Type~*

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Science China Mathematics 1993年第12期36卷 1422-1434页

作者：周毓麟孙和生郭柏灵 centre for Nonlinear studies Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics

The global solvability of homogeneous boundary problem for a class of multidimensional generalized system of ferro-magnetic chain type is considered.

关键词： multidimensional system of ferro-magnetic chain type spin system homogeneous boundary problem Galerkin’s method.

The Impact of Trade policy Arrangements on China and World Economy in Post-MFA Era

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2006年第2期23卷 68-73页

作者：杨军张海森黄季焜 centre for Chinese Agricultural policy Chinese Academy of Sciences

With Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) eliminated on Dec 31, 2004, the debates and concerns on the trade of textile and apparel have been growing. The objective of this study is to examine the impacts of alternative policies on China and World economy after canceling MFA. Based on a general equilibrium model of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP), study shows that China and World will significantly benefit from further trade liberalization. However, if USA, EU and Canada converted to TBT to restrict import, the gains from eliminating MFA would be largely offset. Based on our analysis, some policy implications are discussed.

关键词： Multi-Fiber Arrangement ( MFA ) Technical Barriers to Traded ( TBT) Global Trade Analysis Project model (GTAP) welfare.

Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping in Ghat Road Section of Kolli Hills, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1308-1325页

作者： Siddan ANBAZHAGAN Veerappan RAMESH centre for Geoinformatics and Planetary studies Department of Geology Periyar University

Landslides are the most common natural disaster in hilly terrain which causes changes in landscape and damage to life and property. The main objective of the present study was to carry out landslide hazard zonation mapping on 1:50,000 scale along ghat road section of Kolli hills using a Landslide Hazard Evaluation Factor(LHEF) rating scheme. The landslide hazard zonation map has been prepared by overlaying the terrain evaluation maps with facet map of the study area. The terrain evaluation maps include lithology, structure, slope morphometry, relative relief, land use and land cover and hydrogeological condition. The LHEF rating scheme and the Total Estimated Hazard(TEHD) were calculated as per the Bureau of Indian Standard(BIS) guidelines(IS: 14496(Part-2) 1998) for the purpose of preparation of Landslide Hazard Zonation(LHZ) map in mountainous terrains. The correction due to triggering factors such as seismicity, rainfall and anthropogenic activities were also incorporated with Total Estimated Hazard to get final corrected TEHD. The landslide hazard zonation map was classified as the high, moderate and low hazard zones along the ghat road section based on corrected TEHD.

关键词： Landslide hazard zonation(LHZ) Kolli Hills Mountainous terrain LHEF rating scheme Bureau of Indian Standard(BIS) TEHD

Which sectors should be covered by the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism?

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 952-962页

作者： Bo-Qiang LIN Heng-Song ZHAO School of Management China Institute for Studies in Energy PolicyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

The European Union(EU)is developing the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)to address carbon leakage in international ***,the EU has paid inadequate attention to input-output linkages,specifically those in the steel,aluminum,and fertiliser *** study aims to identify priority sectors eligible for initial regulation within the emissions-intensive trade-exposed(EITE)industries based on input-output linkages and compare its impacts with the current CBAM sector *** study constructs a Global Production Network(GPN)and Carbon Flow Network(CFN)to present the input trade and embodied carbon flows for the EITE *** study highlights the role of the EITE industries as influential nodes in the production network and how the EITE industries in the EU contribute to carbon *** improve the economy and political acceptability,CABM should cover four priority sectors with low economic impacts but a crucial role in reducing emissions,such as plastics,phosphorus fertiliser,aluminum,and copper industry.

关键词： Carbon Border Adjustment mechanism Input-output analysis Hypothetical extraction method Production network Embodied carbon emissions

Energy and flux measurements of laser-induced silver plasma ions by using Faraday cup

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第8期23卷 188-198页

作者： Muhammad Usman Aslam BHATTI Shazia BASHIR Asma HAYAT Khaliq MAHMOOD Rana AYUB Mubashir JAVED Muhammad Shahzad KHAN centre for Advanced studies in Physics(CASP) GC UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan

Silver(Ag)plasma has been generated by employing Nd:YAG laser(532 nm,6 ns)laser *** energy and flux of ions have been evaluated by using Faraday cup(FC)using time of flight(TOF)*** dual peak signals of fast and slow Ag plasma ions have been *** energy and flux of fast and slow ions tend to increase with increasing irradiance from 7 GW cm-2 to 17.9 GW cm-2 at all distances of FC from the target *** a decreasing trend of energies and flux of ions has been observed with increasing distance of FC from the *** maximum value of flux of the fast component is21.2×10^(10) cm^(-2),whereas for slow ions the maximum energy and flux values are 8.8 keV,8.2×10^(10) cm^(-2) *** the analysis of plume expansion dynamics,the angular distribution of ion flux measurement has also been *** overall analysis of both spatial and angular distributions of Ag ions revealed that the maximum flux of Ag plasma ions has been observed at an optimal angle of~15°.In order to confirm the ion acceleration by ambipolar field,the self-generated electric field(SGEF)measurements have also been performed by electric probe;these SGEF measurements tend to increase by increasing laser *** maximum value of 232 V m^(-1) has been obtained at a maximum laser irradiance of 17.9 GW cm^(-2).

关键词： laser ablation laser-induced plasma ions Faraday cup time of flight measurements self-generated electric field angular distribution

Lone Geniuses or One among Many?An Explorative Study of Contemporary Highly Cited Researchers

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2021年第2期6卷 41-66页

作者： Dag W.Aksnes Kaare Aagaard Nordic Institute for studies in Innovation Research and Education(NIFU) Oslo 0608Norway Danish centre for studies in Research&Research policy Deptof Political Science&GovernmentMidtjylland 8000Denmark

Purpose:The ranking lists of highly cited researchers receive much public *** common interpretations,highly cited researchers are perceived to have made extraordinary contributions to ***,the metrics of highly cited researchers are often linked to notions of breakthroughs,scientific excellence,and lone ***/methodology/approach:In this study,we analyze a sample of individuals who appear on Clarivate Analytics’Highly Cited Researchers *** main purpose is to juxtapose the characteristics of their research performance against the claim that the list captures a small fraction of the researcher population that contributes disproportionately to extending the frontier and gaining—on behalf of society—knowledge and innovations that make the world healthier,richer,sustainable,and more ***:The study reveals that the highly cited articles of the selected individuals generally have a very large number of ***,these papers seldom represent individual contributions but rather are the result of large collective research efforts conducted in research *** challenges the common perception of highly cited researchers as individual geniuses who can be singled out for their extraordinary ***,the study indicates that a few of the individuals have not even contributed to highly cited original research but rather to reviews or clinical ***,the large number of authors of the papers implies that the ranking list is very sensitive to the specific method used for allocating papers and citations to *** the"whole count"methodology applied by Clarivate Analytics,each author gets full credit of the papers regardless of the number of additional *** study shows that the ranking list would look very different using an alternative fractionalised *** limitations:The study is based on a limited part of the total population of highly cited *** implica

关键词： Highly cited researchers Research excellence Big science Citation Nobel Prize