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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Activation energy

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Machine learning empowers efficient design of ternary organic solar cells with PM6 donor

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Santosh S.Sutar Atul C.Khot Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Computational electronics and Nanoscience research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji University Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development Shivaji University

Organic solar cells(OSCs) hold great potential as a photovoltaic technology for practical ***, the traditional experimental trial-and-error method for designing and engineering OSCs can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Machine learning(ML) techniques enable the proficient extraction of information from datasets, allowing the development of realistic models that are capable of predicting the efficacy of materials with commendable accuracy. The PM6 donor has great potential for high-performance OSCs. However, it is crucial for the rational design of a ternary blend to accurately forecast the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of ternary OSCs(TOSCs) based on a PM6 ***, we collected the device parameters of PM6-based TOSCs and evaluated the feature importance of their molecule descriptors to develop predictive models. In this study, we used five different ML algorithms for analysis and prediction. For the analysis, the classification and regression tree provided different rules, heuristics, and patterns from the heterogeneous dataset. The random forest algorithm outperforms other prediction ML algorithms in predicting the output performance of PM6-based TOSCs. Finally, we validated the ML outcomes by fabricating PM6-based TOSCs. Our study presents a rapid strategy for assessing a high PCE while elucidating the substantial influence of diverse descriptors.

关键词： Random forests

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16.48% Efficient solution-processed CIGS solar cells with crystal growth and defects engineering enabled by Ag doping strategy

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 59-65页

作者： Mengyu Xu Shaocong Yan Ting Liang Jia Jia Shengjie Yuan Dongxing Kou Zhengji Zhou Wenhui Zhou Yafang Qi Yuena Meng Litao Han Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering Henan University

Solution-processed Cu（In,Ga）Se2（CIGS） solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency（PCE） loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of ***, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage（VOC） of 662 m V and fill factor（FF） of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.

关键词： Cell engineering

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Market Drivers in India’s Smart Grid:Responsibilities and Roles of Stakeholders

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energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 101-128页

作者： Abhay Sanatan Satapathy Suresh Kumar Sahoo Asit Mohanty Yasser Fouad Manzoore ElahiMohammad Soudagar Erdem Cuce Faculty of Management Studies Sri Sri UniversityCuttack754006India Institute of power Engineering National Energy UniversityJalan Ikram-UnitenKajangSelangor43000Malaysia centre of research Impact and Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140417PunjabIndia Department of Applied Mechanical Engineering College of Applied EngineeringMuzahimiyah BranchKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia College of Engineering Lishui UniversityLishui323000China Department of Mechanical Engineering Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun248002UttarakhandIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureRecep Tayyip Erdogan UniversityZihni Derin CampusRize53100Turkey Center for research Impact&Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia University centre for research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia

The emergence of smart grids in India is propelled by an intricate interaction of market dynamics,regulatory structures,and stakeholder *** study analyzes the primary factors that are driving the widespread use of smart grid technologies and outlines the specific roles and obligations of different stakeholders,such as government entities,utility companies,technology suppliers,and *** activities and regulations are crucial in facilitating the implementation of smart grid technology by offering financial incentives,regulatory assistance,and strategic *** firms have the responsibility of implementing and integrating smart grid infrastructure,with an emphasis on improving the dependability of the grid,minimizing losses in transmission and distribution,and integrating renewable energy *** companies offer the essential hardware and software solutions,which stimulate creativity and enhance *** actively engage in the energy ecosystem by participating in demand response,implementing energy saving measures,and adopting distributed energy resources like solar panels and electric *** study examines the difficulties and possibilities in India’s smart grid industry,highlighting the importance of cooperation among stakeholders to build a strong,effective,and environmentally friendly energy future.

关键词： Smart grid stakeholders smart grid technology market drivers

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Constructing quasi-2D perovskite to collect hot carriers to reduce open-circuit voltage loss for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Lei Gu Xing Li Chao Wu Yang Feng Chunming Yang Lin Song Frontiers Science Center for Flexible electronics Institute of Flexible Electronics Northwestern Polytechnical University Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Inverted perovskite solar cells （PSCs） have received great attention owing to the high certificated power conversion efficiency（PCE） reaching 26.7%. However, interfacial charge recombination is far superior to perovskite bulk charge recombination due to the use of fullerenes and their derivatives in inverted perovskite solar cells, which induces devastating open circuit voltage（VOC） losses. For this reason the present work attempts to use 4-chloropiperidine hydrochloride for the upper surface modification of perovskite to construct a quasi-two-dimensional （2D） structure with suitable 2D layer widths （n=2, 3 dominant）,which has a smaller electron carrier transport barrier without sacrificing short-circuit current （JSC） in the device. This strategy effectively passivates the interfacial defect states while promoting energy level alignment to achieve carrier dissociation and equilibrium transport at the interface, which in turn resulted in improved fill factor （FF）. In addition, additional energy levels are provided by 2D perovskites to collect hot carriers, resulting in improved device open circuit voltage （VOC）. As a result, the device PCE increases from 22.37%to 24.11%after the 4CPD treatment. In addition, the 4CPD-treated PSCs maintain 90%of the initial PCE after storage in an N2atmosphere at 50°C for 1,080 h, whereas the control devices show a 15%PCE loss under the same aging conditions. This work provides new opportunities to suppress interfacial charge recombination in inverted devices.

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Modeling,Parameter Measurement,and Control of PMSG-based Grid-connected Wind energy Conversion System

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean energy 2021年第5期9卷 1054-1065页

作者： Mohammad Kamruzzaman Khan Prince Graduate Mohammad TArif Ameen Gargoom Aman MTOo Md Enamul Haque Renewable energy&Electric Vehicle(REEV)Lab Centre for Smart Power&Energy Research(cSPER)School of EngineeringDeakin UniversityWaurn pondsAustralia

The design of reliable controllers for wind energy conversion systems(WECSs)requires a dynamic model and accurate parameters of the wind *** this paper,a dynamic model and the parameter measurement and control of a direct-drive variable-speed WECS with a permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG)are *** experimental method is developed for measuring the key parameters of the *** measured parameters are used in the design of the *** generator-side converter is controlled using a vector control scheme that maximizes the power extraction under varying wind speeds.A model predictive controller(MPC)is designed for the grid-side voltage source converter(VSC)to regulate the active and reactive power flows to the power grid by controlling the d-and q-axis currents in the synchronous reference *** MPC predicts the future values of the control variables and takes control actions based on the minimum value of the cost *** comply with the grid code requirement,a modified design approach for an LCL filter is presented and incorporated into the *** design process is simple and incorporates significant filter parameters while avoiding iterative *** comparative analysis of the designed filter with conventional L,LC,and iterative LCL filters demonstrates the effectiveness of the modified design *** proposed wind energy system with MPC and LCL filter is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and experimentally implemented in the laboratory using the dSpace digital signal processor(DSP)*** simulation and experimental results validate the efficacy of the designed controllers using the measured parameters and show dynamic and steady-state performance under varying wind speeds.

关键词： Wind energy permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG) parameter measurement model predictive controller(MPC) LCL filter

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Hydrogen energy Storage System:Review on Recent Progress

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energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 1-39页

作者： MilleniumWong Hadi Nabipour Afrouzi research centre for Sustainable Technologies Faculty of EngineeringComputing and ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyJalan Simpang TigaKuchingSarawak93350Malaysia College of Engineering Faculty of ComputingEngineering and the Built EnvironmentBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamWest MidlandsEnglandB47XGUK

A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various *** that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it ***,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS *** that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent *** different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via *** findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive *** findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this *** has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of *** is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex *** neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future *** a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and *** this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are ***,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.

关键词： Hydrogen energy storage system VOSViewer design review sizing

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Performance Evaluation and Optimization of a Novel System Combining a Photovoltaic/Thermal Subsystem&an Organic Rankine Cycle Driven by Solar Parabolic Trough Collector

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第5期30卷 1513-1525页

作者： LIU Zhijian WEI Tianhe WU Di ZHANG Yulong LI Guiqiang YANG Xinyan Department of power Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China research centre for Sustainable energy Technologies University of HullHull HU67RXUK Institute of Building Environment and energy China Academy of Building ResearchBeijing 100013China

A novel coupling system that combines a photovoltaic/thermal(PV/T)subsystem and an Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)driven by solar parabolic trough collector(PTC)is presented in this *** mathematical model is initially *** the basis,the influence of area ratio of two collectors(PV/T and PTC)on the performance of system is *** results show that the optimal area ratio of PV/T to PTC is 8:2,which can achieve the maximum energy ***,the performance of the coupling system and two independent systems(PV/T and ORC system)are compared and *** results show that the coupling system is more reliable and its total output energy(heat and electricity)is the highest,compared with the other two independent *** solar energy utilization efficiency of the coupling system is 40%higher than that of the other two independent systems in the steady-state ***,the annual output energy per unit area collector of the coupling system is 13%higher than that of the other two independent systems in the dynamic ***,in the dynamic simulation of a typical day,the PV panels’temperature of the coupling system is 5℃–7℃ lower than that of the independent PV/T *** means that the power generation efficiency of PV panels can be increased by 1.5%–3.5%.This study aims to explore the operation characteristics of the novel solar energy utilization coupling system and promote the development of renewable energy utilization models,which provides a reference for the design and optimization of related energy systems.

关键词： solar energy utilization efficiency photovoltaic/thermal Organic Rankine Cycle novel coupling system area ratio

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Adaptive Gain Tuning Rule for Nonlinear Sliding-mode Speed Control of Encoderless Three-phase Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Motor

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2023年第3期7卷 301-310页

作者： Ghada A.Abdel Aziz Rehan Ali Khan IEEE power electronics and energy Conversion Department Electronics Research InstituteCairo 11843Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering University of Science&TechnologyBannuPakistan.

In this paper, an adaptive gain tuning rule is designed for the nonlinear sliding mode speed control(NSMSC) in order to enhance the dynamic performance and the robustness of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor(PMa-Syn RM) with considering the parameter uncertainties. A nonlinear sliding surface whose parameters are altering with time is designed at first. The proposed NSMSC can minimize the settling time without any overshoot via utilizing a low damping ratio at starting along with a high damping ratio as the output approaches the target set-point. In addition, it eliminates the problem of the singularity with the upper bound of an uncertain term that is hard to be measured practically as well as ensures a rapid convergence in finite time, through employing a simple adaptation law. Moreover, for enhancing the system efficiency throughout the constant torque region, the control system utilizes the maximum torque per ampere technique. The nonlinear sliding surface stability is assured via employing Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, a simple sliding mode estimator is employed for estimating the system uncertainties. The stability analysis and the experimental results indicate the effectiveness along with feasibility of the proposed speed estimation and the NSMSC approach for a 1.1-k W PMa-Syn RM under different speed references, electrical and mechanical parameters disparities, and load disturbance conditions.

关键词： Permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor Nonlinear sliding mode speed control Speed estimation Parameter uncertainties Sliding mode estimator

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Encoderless Five-phase PMa-SynRM Drive System Based on Robust Torque-speed Estimator with Super-twisting Sliding Mode Control

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2023年第1期7卷 54-62页

作者： Ghada A.Abdel Aziz Rehan Ali Khan power electronics and energy Conversion Department Electronics Research InstituteCairo11843Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering University of Science&TechnologyBannu28100Pakistan IEEE

In this paper,a robust torque speed estimator(RTSE)for linear parameter changing(LPC)system is proposed and designed for an encoderless five-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor(5-phase PMa-SynRM).This estimator is utilized for estimating the rotor speed and the load torque as well as can solve the speed sensor fault problem,as the feedback speed information is obtained directly from the virtual *** addition,this technique is able to enhance the 5-phase PMa-SynRM performance by estimating the load torque for the real time *** stability analysis of the proposed estimator is performed via Schur complement along with Lyapunov ***,for improving the 5-phase PMa-SynRM performance,five super-twisting sliding mode controllers(ST-SMCs)are employed with providing a robust response without the impacts of high chattering problem.A super-twisting sliding mode speed controller(ST-SMSC)is employed for controlling the PMa-SynRM rotor speed,and four super-twisting sliding mode current controllers(ST-SMCCs)are employed for controlling the 5-phase PMa-SynRM *** stability analysis and the experimental results indicate the effectiveness along with feasibility of the proposed RTSE and the ST-SMSC with ST-SMCCs approach for a 750-W 5-phase PMa-SynRM under load disturbance,parameters variations,single open-phase fault,and adjacent two-phase open circuit fault conditions.

关键词： Five-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor Encoderless control Supertwisting sliding mode control Torque-speed estimator

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