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Crustal and upper mantle structure and the deep seismogenic environment in the source regions of the Lushan earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake

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Science China earth sciences 2013年第6期56卷 1158-1168页

作者： ZHENG Yong GE Can XIE ZuJun YANG YingJie XIONG Xiong HSU HouTze State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and earth's Dynamics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of earth sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Australian Research Council centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems/GEMOC Department of Earth and Planetary SciencesMacquarie University

Following the M w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, the M w 6.6 Lushan earthquake is another devastating earthquake that struck the Longmenshan Fault Zone (LFZ) and caused severe damages. In this study, we collected continuous broadband ambient noise seismic data and earthquake event data from Chinese provincial digital seismic network, and then utilized ambient noise tomography method and receiver function method to obtain high resolution shear wave velocity structure, crustal thickness, and Poisson ratio in the earthquake source region and its surroundings. Based on the tomography images and the receiver function results, we further analyzed the deep seismogenic environment of the LFZ and its neighborhood. We reveal three main findings: (1) There is big contrast of the shear wave velocities across the LFZ. (2) Both the Lushan earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the regions where crustal shear wave velocity and crustal thickness change dramatically. The rupture faults and the aftershock zones are also concentrated in the areas where the lateral gradients of crustal seismic wave speed and crustal thickness change significantly, and the focal depths of the earthquakes are concentrated in the transitional depths where shear wave velocities change dramatically from laterally uniform to laterally non-uniform. (3) The Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks occurred in low Poisson ratio region, while the Lushan earthquake sequences are located in high Poisson ratio zone. We proposed that the effect of the dramatic lateral variation of shear wave velocity, and the gravity potential energy differences caused by the big contrast in the topography and the crustal thickness across the LFZ may constitute the seismogenic environment for the strong earthquakes in the LFZ, and the Poisson ratio difference between the rocks in the south and north segments of the Longmenshan Fault zone may explain the 5 years delay of the occurrence of the Lushan earthquake than the Wenchuan

关键词： Lushan earthquake Wenchuan earthquake receiver function ambient noise tomography deep seismogenic environ-ment

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Report on the Sixth International Symposium on digital earth

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International Journal of digital earth 2009年第4期2卷 393-396页

作者： Zhen Liu Center for earth observation and digital earth Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.9 Beiyitiao RoadZhongguancunHaidian DistrictBeijing 100190China

The Sixth International Symposium on digital earth(ISDE6)was successfully convened in Beijing,China,from 9 to 12 September ***6 was hosted by the International Society for digital earth and the Chinese Academy of sciences(CAS),organized by the Chinese National Committee of the International Society for digital earth and the CAS Center for earth observation and digital earth,with co-sponsorship of 16 Chinese government departments,institutions and international *** than 1000 scientists,engineers,educators,entrepreneurs,managers,administrators,and representatives of civil societies from more than 40 countries,international organizations,and NGOs attended the ***6 focused on the theme of‘digital earth in Action.’Some 900 abstracts and 500 full papers were submitted to the symposium,of which about 210 were presented as oral presentations at plenary and parallel sessions,and over 400 participants presented their poster papers.

关键词： earth symposium submitted

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Mapping of wind energy potential over the Gobi Desert in Northwest China based on multiple sources of data

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Frontiers of earth Science 2018年第2期12卷 264-279页

作者： Li LI Xinyuan WANG Lei LUO Yanchuang ZHAO Xin ZONG Nabil BACHAGHA Key Laboratory of digital earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China International centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage Beijing 100094 China

In recent years, wind energy has been a fastgrowing alternative source of electrical power due to its sustainability. In this paper, the wind energy potential over the Gobi Desert in Northwest China is assessed at the patch scale using geographic information systems (GIS). Data on land cover, topography, and administrative boundaries and 11 years (2000‒2010) of wind speed measurements were collected and used to map and estimate the region’s wind energy potential. Based on the results, it was found that continuous regions of geographical potential (GeoP) are located in the middle of the research area (RA), with scattered areas of similar GeoP found in other regions. The results also show that the technical potential (TecP) levels are about 1.72‒2.67 times (2.20 times on average) higher than the actual levels. It was found that the GeoP patches can be divided into four classes: unsuitable regions, suitable regions, more suitable regions, and the most suitable regions. The GeoP estimation shows that 0.41 billion kW of wind energy are potentially available in the RA. The suitable regions account for 25.49%, the more suitable regions 24.45%, and the most suitable regions for more than half of the RA. It is also shown that Xinjiang and Gansu are more suitable for wind power development than Ningxia.

关键词： wind energy alternative energy sustainability Northwest China Gobi Desert

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Spatial patterns of ecosystem vulnerability changes during 2001–2011 in the three-river source region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第1期8卷 23-35页

作者： GUO Bing ZHOU Yi ZHU Jinfeng LIU Wenliang WANG Futao WANG Litao YAN Fuli WANG Feng YANG Guang LUO Wei JIANG Lin Institute of Remote Sensing and digital earth Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences

The three-river source region (TRSR, including Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers), located in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China, is a typical alpine zone with apparent ecosystem vulnerability and sensitivity. In this paper, we introduced many interdisciplinary factors, such as landscape pattern indices (Shannon diversity index and Shannon evenness index) and extreme climate factors (number of extreme high temperature days, number of extreme low temperature days, and number of extreme precipitation days), to establish a new model for evaluating the spatial patterns of ecosystem vulnerability changes in the TRSR. The change intensity (CI) of ecosystem vulnerability was also analyzed. The results showed that the established evaluation model was effective and the ecosystem vulnerability in the whole study area was intensive. During the study period of 2001–2011, there was a slight degradation in the eco-environmental quality. The Yellow River source region had the best eco-environmental quality, while the Yangtze River source region had the worst one. In addition, the zones dominated by deserts were the most severely deteriorated areas and the eco-environmental quality of the zones occupied by evergreen coniferous forests showed a better change. Furthermore, the larger the change rates of the climate factors (accumulative temperature of ≥10°C and annual average precipitation) are, the more intensive the CI of ecosystem vulnerability is. This study would provide a scientific basis for the eco-environmental protection and restoration in the TRSR.

关键词： eco-environmental vulnerability climate factors spatial patterns three-river source region

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Accuracy assessment of GPS navigation augmented by SAR and LiDAR-derived digital Elevation Models

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International Journal of digital earth 2015年第12期8卷 1007-1022页

作者： Jing Li Xiangtao Fan Cheng Wang Hong Bao Yong Xiao Key Laboratory of digital earth sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Information Service Engineering Beijing Union UniversityBeijingChina

Remotely sensed digital Elevation Models(DEM)can be used to augment a standalone Global Positioning System(GPS)by adding an extra range observation which measures the distance to the earth *** method so called height aiding can reduce the number of GPS satellites required to get a 3D position fix from four to three and hence improve the performance of the GPS navigation algorithm in terms of accuracy,reliability and *** until now,the accuracy of height aided GPS navigation using higher resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)and Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-derived elevation data has not been fully evaluated in a broad spectrum of navigation *** article provides a robust and accurate analysis on how much range error is introduced by height aiding using 5 m spacing SAR and 1 m spacing LiDAR-derived DEMs under in-car and personal navigation *** on the experimental results obtained from both dynamic and static tests,suggestions have been made on what level of vertical and positional accuracy can be achieved as well as the related DEM quality issues for navigation purposes.

关键词： Global Positioning System(GPS) LiDAR DEM

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The use of high-performance and high-throughput computing for the fertilization of digital earth and global change studies

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International Journal of digital earth 2011年第3期4卷 185-210页

作者： Yong Xue Dominic Palmer-Brown Huadong Guo Center for earth observation and digital earth Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.9 Beiyitiao RoadZhongguancunHaidian DistrictBeijing 100080China Faculty of Computing London Metropolitan University166-220 Holloway RoadLondon N78DBUK

The study of global climate change seeks to understand:(1)the components of the earth’s varying environmental system,with a particular focus on climate;(2)how these components interact to determine present conditions;(3)the factors driving these components;(4)the history of global change and the projection of future change;and(5)how knowledge about global environmental variability and change can be applied to present-day and future *** paper addresses the use of high-performance computing and high-throughput computing for a global change study on the digital earth(DE)*** aspects of the use of high-performance computing(HPC)/high-throughput computing(HTC)on the DE platform are the processing of data from all sources,especially earth observation data,and the simulation of global change *** HPC/HTC is an essential and efficient tool for the processing of vast amounts of global data,especially earth observation *** current trend involves running complex global climate models using potentially millions of personal computers to achieve better climate change predictions than would ever be possible using the supercomputers currently available to scientists.

关键词： high-performance computing(HPC) high-throughput computing(HTC) digital earth global change climate change earth observation grid computing

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A new spectral index for the quantitative identification of yellow rust using fungal spore information

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Big earth Data 2021年第2期5卷 201-216页

作者： Yu Ren Huichun Ye Wenjiang Huang Huiqin Ma Anting Guo Chao Ruan Linyi Liu Binxiang Qian Key Laboratory of digital earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina Hainan Key Laboratory of earth observation Hainan Institute of Aerospace InformationChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina

Yellow rust(Puccinia striiformis ***)is a frequently occurring fungal disease of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).During yellow rust infestation,fungal spores appear on the surface of the leaves as yellow and narrow stripes parallel to the leaf *** analyzed the effect of the fungal spores on the spectra of the diseased leaves to find a band sensitive to yellow rust and established a new vegetation index called the yellow rust spore index(YRSI).The estimation accuracy and stability were evaluated using two years of leaf spectral data,and the results were compared with eight indices commonly used for yellow rust *** results showed that the use of the YRSI ranked first for estimating the disease ratio for the 2017 spectral data(R^(2)=0.710,RMSE=0.097)and outperformed the published indices(R^(2)=0.587,RMSE=0.120)for the validation using the 2002 spectral *** random forest(RF),k-nearest neighbor(KNN),and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were used to test the discrimination ability of the YRSI and the eight commonly used indices using a mixed dataset of yellow-rust-infested,healthy,and aphid–infested wheat spectral *** YRSI provided the best performance.

关键词： Yellow rust spectral index fungal spores quantitative identification hyperspectral remote sensing winter wheat

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Urban sprawl in provincial capital cities in China: evidence from multi-temporal urban land products using Landsat data

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Science Bulletin 2019年第14期64卷 955-957页

作者： Linlin Lu Huadong Guo Christina Corbane Qingting Li Key Laboratory of digital earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) Directorate for Space Security & Migration Ispra I-21027 Italy

The onset of global urbanization has led to a population shift from rural to urban areas and the expansion of urban development [1-3]. Urban land areas are growing at faster rates than their populations in most parts of the world [4]. The urban sprawl process refers to dispersed land development characterized by low-density, unplanned, and uneven patter ns of growth duri ng urban expansion. This process can result in inefficient use of land resources contradictory to the principle of sustainable development [5]. Additionally, urban sprawl has various environmental, economic, and social consequences, including the following: loss of agricultural land, higher costs for transportation infrastructure, increased landscape fragmentation, degeneration of soil ecological functions, and reduced ecosystem resilience. It is crucial to understand the trends and patterns of urban sprawl to implement a framework for sustainable urban development in developing regions.

关键词： urban development populations world

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Retrieval of global terrestrial solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from TanSat satellite

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Science Bulletin 2018年第22期63卷 1502-1512页

作者： Shanshan Du Liangyun Liu Xinjie Liu Xiao Zhang Xingying Zhang Yanmeng Bi Lianchong Zhang Key Laboratory of digital earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The first Chinese Carbon Dioxide observation Satellite Mission(TanSat), which was launched on December 21, 2016, is intended to measure atmospheric CO_2 *** high spectral resolution(0.044 nm) and high SNR(360 at 15.2 mW m^(-1) sr^(-1) nm^(-1)) measurements in the region of the O_2-A band of the Atmospheric Carbon dioxide Grating Spectroradiometer(AGCS) module onboard TanSat make it possible to retrieve solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF) from TanSat observations at the global *** paper aims to explore the potential of the TanSat data for global SIF retrieval.A singular vector decomposition(SVD) statistical method was employed to retrieve SIF using radiance over a micro spectral window(～2 nm) around the Fe Fraunhofer lines(centered at 758.8 nm).The global SIF at 758.8 nm was successfully retrieved with a low residual error of 0.03 mW m^(-1) sr^(-1) nm^(-1).The results show that the spatial and temporal patterns of the retrieved SIF agree well with the global terrestrial vegetation *** monthly SIF products retrieved from the TanSat data were compared with other remote sensing datasets, including OCO-2 SIF, MODIS NDVI, EVI and *** overall consistency between TanSat and OCO-2 SIF products(R^2= 0.86) and the consistency of the spatial patterns and temporal variations between the TanSat SIF and MODIS vegetation indices and GPP enhance our confidence in the potential and feasibility of TanSat data for SIF ***, therefore, provides a new opportunity for global sampling of SIF at fine spatial resolution(2 km × 2 km), thus improving photosynthesis observations from space.

关键词： TanSat Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence Singular vector decomposition Vegetation index MODIS OCO-2 GPP

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Quantitative identification of crop disease and nitrogen-water stress in winter wheat using continuous wavelet analysis

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第2期11卷 145-152页

作者： Wenjiang Huang Junjing Lu Huichun Ye Weiping Kong A.Hugh Mortimer Yue Shi State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Key Laboratory of digital earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Institute of Geographical Science Hebei Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of earth observation Sanya 572029HainanChina Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Science and Innovations CampusOxfordshire OX110QXUK

It is necessary to quantitatively identify different diseases and nitrogen-water stress for the guidance in spraying specific fungicides and fertilizer *** winter wheat diseases,in combination with nitrogen-water stress,are therefore common causes of yield loss in winter wheat in *** mildew(Blumeria graminis)and stripe rust(Puccinia striiformis ***)are two of the most prevalent winter wheat diseases in *** study investigated the potential of continuous wavelet analysis to identify the powdery mildew,stripe rust and nitrogen-water stress using canopy hyperspectral *** spectral normalization process was applied prior to the *** t-tests were used to determine the sensitivity of the spectral bands and vegetation *** order to reduce the number of wavelet regions,correlation analysis and the independent t-test were used in conjunction to select the features of greatest *** on the selected spectral bands,vegetation indices and wavelet features,the discriminate models were established using Fisher’s linear discrimination analysis(FLDA)and support vector machine(SVM).The results indicated that wavelet features were superior to spectral bands and vegetation indices in classifying different stresses,with overall accuracies of 0.91,0.72,and 0.72 respectively for powdery mildew,stripe rust and nitrogen-water by using FLDA,and 0.79,0.67 and 0.65 respectively by using *** was more suitable for differentiating stresses in winter wheat,with respective accuracies of 78.1%,95.6%and 95.7%for powdery mildew,stripe rust,and nitrogen-water *** analysis was performed whereby the wavelet features were then split into high-scale and low-scale feature subsets for *** accuracies of high-scale and low-scale features with an overall accuracy(OA)of 0.61 and 0.73 respectively were lower than those of all wavelet features with an OA of *** detection of the severity of stripe rust using

关键词： winter wheat crop disease powdery mildew stripe rust nitrogen-water stress continuous wavelet analysis quantitative identification

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