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Automation and Orchestration of Zero trust Architecture:Potential Solutions and Challenges

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 294-317页

作者： Yang Cao Shiva Raj Pokhrel Ye Zhu Robin Doss Gang Li centre for cyber resilience and trust Deakin UniversityBurwood 3125Australia School of Information Technology Deakin UniversityGeelong 3216Australia

Zero trust architecture(ZTA)is a paradigm shift in how we protect data,stay connected and access *** is non-perimeter-based defence,which has been emerging as a promising revolution in the cyber security *** can be used to continuously maintain security by safeguarding against attacks both from inside and outside of the network ***,ZTA automation and orchestration,towards seamless deployment on real-world networks,has been limited to be reviewed in the existing *** this paper,we first identify the bottlenecks,discuss the background of ZTA and compare it with traditional perimeter-based security *** importantly,we provide an in-depth analysis of state-of-the-art AI techniques that have the potential in the automation and orchestration of ***,in this review paper,we develop a foundational view on the challenges and potential enablers for the automation and orchestration of ZTA.

关键词： Zero trust architecture cyber security artificial intelligence access control authentication

Enabling Efficient Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks-Based IoT Application

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4197-4218页

作者： Ibraheem Al-Hejri Farag Azzedin Sultan Almuhammadi Naeem Firdous Syed Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum andMineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Center for cyber resilience and trust(CREST) Deakin UniversityGeelong3220Australia

The use of the Internet of Things(IoT)is expanding at an unprecedented scale in many critical applications due to the ability to interconnect and utilize a plethora of wide range of *** critical infrastructure domains like oil and gas supply,intelligent transportation,power grids,and autonomous agriculture,it is essential to guarantee the confidentiality,integrity,and authenticity of data collected and ***,the limited resources coupled with the heterogeneity of IoT devices make it inefficient or sometimes infeasible to achieve secure data transmission using traditional cryptographic ***,designing a lightweight secure data transmission scheme is becoming *** this article,we propose lightweight secure data transmission(LSDT)scheme for IoT *** consists of three phases and utilizes an effective combination of symmetric keys and the Elliptic Curve Menezes-Qu-Vanstone asymmetric key agreement *** design the simulation environment and experiments to evaluate the performance of the LSDT scheme in terms of communication and computation *** and performance analysis indicates that the LSDT scheme is secure,suitable for IoT applications,and performs better in comparison to other related security schemes.

关键词： IoT lightweight computation complexity communication overhead cybersecurity threats threat prevention secure data transmission Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) elliptic curve cryptography

Ripple Knowledge Graph Convolutional Networks for Recommendation Systems

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 481-494页

作者： Chen Li Yang Cao Ye Zhu Debo Cheng Chengyuan Li Yasuhiko Morimoto Graduate School of Informatics Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8602Japan centre for cyber resilience and trust Deakin UniversityBurwood 3125Australia Science TechnologyEngineering and Mathematics(STEM)University of South AustraliaAdelaide 5000Australia Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima UniversityHigashi-hiroshima 10587Japan

Using knowledge graphs to assist deep learning models in making recommendation decisions has recently been proven to effectively improve the model′s interpretability and *** paper introduces an end-to-end deep learning model,named representation-enhanced knowledge graph convolutional networks(RKGCN),which dynamically analyses each user′s preferences and makes a recommendation of suitable *** combines knowledge graphs on both the item side and user side to enrich their representations to maximize the utilization of the abundant information in knowledge *** is able to offer more personalized and relevant recommendations in three different *** experimental results show the superior effectiveness of our model over 5 baseline models on three real-world datasets including movies,books,and music.

关键词： Deep learning recommendation systems knowledge graph graph convolutional networks(GCNs) graph neural networks(GNNs)

A network perspective of human±nature interactions in dynamic and fast-changing landscapes

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National Science Review 2023年第7期 19-35页

作者： ?rjan Bodin Haibin Chen Stockholm resilience centre Stockholm University College of Economics and Management Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University

Increasing and intensifying the use of land represents a prominent sustainability challenge of particular importance in regions undergoing rapid change while at the same time exhibiting large natural and anthropocentrically induced *** reconcile the needs for both human prosperity and healthy ecosystems,a more integrated understanding of key biophysical and adaptation processes is paramount in such dynamic and deeply entangled social and environmental *** research utilizing a network perspective provides a novel methodological and theoretical approach to that *** review and synthesize recent network-centric studies,and use this network perspective to show how rangeland managers in a dynamic pastoral region in the Qinghai Province of China form social relationships based on geographic proximity,social status and shared grazing *** results indicate that adaption to biophysical and socioeconomic changes is partly a social process in that rangeland managers develop their adaptive capacity jointly and in concert with others they trust and with whom they share grazing *** for further development of this network perspective,in terms of how it might contribute important new insights about how to sustainably use land in dynamic landscapes undergoing rapid change,are suggested.

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DERNNet:Dual Encoding Recurrent Neural Network Based Secure Optimal Routing in WSN

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 1375-1392页

作者： A.Venkatesh S.Asha School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia centre for cyber Physical Systems&School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

A Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is constructed with numerous sensors over geographical *** basic challenge experienced while designing WSN is in increasing the network lifetime and use of low *** sensor nodes are resource constrained in nature,novel techniques are essential to improve lifetime of nodes in *** energy is considered as an important resource for sensor node which are battery powered *** WSN,energy is consumed mainly while data is being transferred among nodes in the *** research works are carried out focusing on preserving energy of nodes in the network and made network to live ***,this network is threatened by attacks like vampire attack where the network is loaded by fake ***,Dual Encoding Recurrent Neural network(DERNNet)is proposed for classifying the vampire nodes s node in the ***,the Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)algorithm helps for transferring the data by determining best solutions to optimally select the aggregation points;thereby maximizing battery/lifetime of the network *** proposed method is evaluated with three standard approaches namely Knowledge and Intrusion Detection based Secure Atom Search Routing(KIDSASR),Risk-aware Reputation-based trust(RaRtrust)model and Activation Function-based trusted Neighbor Selection(AF-TNS)in terms of various *** existing methods may lead to wastage of energy due to vampire attack,which further reduce the lifetime and increase average energy consumed in the ***,the proposed DERNNet method achieves 31.4%of routing overhead,23%of end-to-end delay,78.6%of energy efficiency,94.8%of throughput,28.2%of average latency,92.4%of packet delivery ratio,85.2%of network lifetime,and 94.3%of classification accuracy.

关键词： Wireless sensor network vampire nodes lifetime optimal routing energy encryption decryption trust value optimization

An Algebraic Detection Approach for Control Systems under Multiple Stochastic cyber-attacks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2015年第3期2卷 258-266页

作者： Yumei Li Holger Voos Mohamed Darouach Changchun Hua the Interdisciplinary centre for Security Reliability and trust(SnT) University of Luxembourg the centre de la Recherche en Automatique de Nancy(CRAN) Universite de Lorraine the Institute of Electrical Engineering Yanshan University

In order to compromise a target control system successfully, hackers possibly attempt to launch multiple cyberattacks aiming at multiple communication channels of the control system. However, the problem of detecting multiple cyber-attacks has been hardly investigated so far. Therefore, this paper deals with the detection of multiple stochastic cyber-attacks aiming at multiple communication channels of a control system. Our goal is to design a detector for the control system under multiple cyberattacks. Based on frequency-domain transformation technique and auxiliary detection tools, an algebraic detection approach is proposed. By applying the presented approach, residual information caused by different attacks is obtained respectively and anomalies in the control system are detected. Sufficient and necessary conditions guaranteeing the detectability of the multiple stochastic cyber-attacks are obtained. The presented detection approach is simple and straightforward. Finally, two simulation examples are provided, and the simulation results show that the detection approach is effective and feasible. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Algebra Communication channels (information theory) Control systems Crime Frequency domain analysis Personal computing Stochastic systems

Detecting anomalies in blockchain transactions using machine learning classifiers and explainability analysis

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第3期5卷 106-122页

作者： Mohammad Hasan Mohammad Shahriar Rahman Helge Janicke Iqbal H.Sarker Department of Computer Science and Engineering Premier University4000 ChitagongBangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering United International University1212 DhakaBangladesh cyber Security Cooperative Research centre 6027 PerthAustralia centre for Securing Digital Futures Edith Cowan University6027 PerthAustralia

As the use of blockchain for digital payments continues to rise,it becomes susceptible to various malicious *** detecting anomalies within blockchain transactions is essential for bolstering trust in digital ***,the task of anomaly detection in blockchain transaction data is challenging due to the infrequent occurrence of illicit *** several studies have been conducted in the field,a limitation persists:the lack of explanations for the model’s *** study seeks to overcome this limitation by integrating explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)techniques and anomaly rules into tree-based ensemble classifiers for detecting anomalous Bitcoin *** shapley additive explanation(SHAP)method is employed to measure the contribution of each feature,and it is compatible with ensemble ***,we present rules for interpreting whether a Bitcoin transaction is anomalous or ***,we introduce an under-sampling algorithm named XGBCLUS,designed to balance anomalous and non-anomalous transaction *** algorithm is compared against other commonly used under-sampling and over-sampling ***,the outcomes of various tree-based single classifiers are compared with those of stacking and voting ensemble *** experimental results demonstrate that:(i)XGBCLUS enhances true positive rate(TPR)and receiver operating characteristic-area under curve(ROC-AUC)scores compared to state-of-the-art under-sampling and over-sampling techniques,and(ii)our proposed ensemble classifiers outperform traditional single tree-based machine learning classifiers in terms of accuracy,TPR,and false positive rate(FPR)scores.

关键词： Anomaly detection Blockchain Bitcoin transactions Data imbalance Data sampling Explainable AI Machine learning Decision tree Anomaly rules

cybersecurity for Allied Future Submarines

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018年第4期6卷 696-712页

作者： Keith F. Joiner Simon Reay Atkinson Pete Christensen Elena Sitnikova Systems Capability centre University of New South Wales Canberra at Australian Defence Force Academy Canberra Australia centre for International Security Studies and Sydney cyber Security Network University of Sydney Sydney Australia The MITRE Corporation McLean VA US Australian centre for cyber Security Canberra University of New South Wales Canberra at Australian Defence Force Academy Canberra Australia

cyber has become a supposedly cheap first-strike weapon of political choice by potential adversaries in a milieu placing insurgency, terrorism, international crime and state-based influences in close un-regulated proximity. The merging of electronic and cyber warfare means that not even submarines, however unconnected or firewalled they may be, are immune. The quantum attack surface of submarines is as much in their past, as they are in their designs today and their operations tomorrow: they must survive to be credible and ideally they should even be a contemporary offensive cyber deterrent. Such critical defensive systems require robust security systems engineering and cybersecurity test and evaluation to build and sustain their cyber-resilience. This paper uses Australia’s future submarine program [1]1 to outline key facets needed in a submarine program to achieve cyber resilience, including how to adapt U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) best practices to engineer, test and sustain cyber-resilient submarine systems. Strategies are needed that provision sovereign-owned and operated land-based test sites to design, build, demonstrate and sustain critical submarine systems. This work is most relevant to countries allied to the U.S. and importing submarine capabilities, such as within lesser European powers and also in the Indo-Pacific where both cyber warfare and submarines are proliferating.

关键词： cyber-resilience Future Submarine Design Land-Based Test Sites Quantum Attack Surface Test and Evaluation

Monitoring Peer-to-Peer Botnets:Requirements,Challenges,and Future Works

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3375-3398页

作者： Arkan Hammoodi Hasan Kabla Mohammed Anbar Selvakumar Manickam Alwan Ahmed Abdulrahman Alwan Shankar Karuppayah National Advanced IPv6 centre(NAv6) Universiti Sains MalaysiaPulau Pinang11800Malaysia

The cyber-criminal compromises end-hosts(bots)to configure a network of bots(botnet).The cyber-criminals are also looking for an evolved architecture that makes their techniques more resilient and stealthier such as Peer-to-Peer(P2P)*** P2P botnets leverage the privileges of the decentralized nature of P2P ***,the P2P botnets exploit the resilience of this architecture to be arduous against take-down *** P2P botnets are smarter to be stealthy in their Commandand-Control mechanisms(C2)and elude the standard discovery ***,the other side of this cyberwar is the *** P2P botnet monitoring is an exacting mission because the monitoring must care about many aspects *** aspects pertain to the existing monitoring approaches,some pertain to the nature of P2P networks,and some to counter the botnets,i.e.,the anti-monitoring *** these challenges should be considered in P2P botnet *** begin with,this paper provides an anatomy of P2P ***,this paper exhaustively reviews the existing monitoring approaches of P2P botnets and thoroughly discusses each to reveal its advantages and *** addition,this paper groups the monitoring approaches into three groups:passive,active,and hybrid monitoring ***,this paper also discusses the functional and non-functional requirements of advanced *** conclusion,this paper ends by epitomizing the challenges of various aspects and gives future avenues for better monitoring of P2P botnets.

关键词： P2P networks botnet P2P botnet botnet monitoring honeypot crawlers