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Neuroimaging in the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2012年第1期1卷 24-29页

作者： A Jon Stoessl Pacific Parkinson’s Research centre University of British Columbia&Vancouver Coastal Health2221 Wesbrook MallVancouverBCV6T 2B5Canada

Functional imaging may be useful for both the early diagnosis as well as preclinical detection of neurodegenerative ***,while structural imaging has traditionally been regarded as a tool to exclude alternate diagnoses,recent advances in magnetic resonance show promise for greater diagnostic *** role of MR and radionuclide imaging in early diagnosis and preclinical detection of dementia and parkinsonism are reviewed here.

关键词： diagnosis degenerative clinical

An online resource for marine fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第3期96卷 347-433页

作者： E.B.Gareth Jones Ka-Lai Pang Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Bettina Scholz Kevin D.Hyde Teun Boekhout Rainer Ebel Mostafa E.Rateb Linda Henderson Jariya Sakayaroj Satinee Suetrong Monika C.Dayarathne Vinit Kumar Seshagiri Raghukumar K.R.Sridhar Ali H.A.Bahkali Frank H.Gleason Chada Norphanphoun Deptartment of Botany and microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O Box 2455Riyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Hampshire UK Institute of Marine Biology and centre of Excellence for the Oceans Taiwan Ocean University2 Pei-Ning RoadKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Department of Botany and microbiology Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524Egypt BioPol ehf Marine BiotechnologyEinbuastig 2545 SkagastrondIceland Center of Excellence in Fungal Diversity Mae Fah Luang University 333 M.1 ThasudMuang Chiang RaiChiang Rai 57100Thailand Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Uppsalalaan 8UtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Biodiversity and Ecological Dynamics(IBED) University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Chemistry Marine Biodiscovery CentreUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UEUK School of Computing Engineering&Physical SciencesUniversity of the West of ScotlandPaisley PA12BEUK School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of SydneyMacleay Building A12SydneyNSW 2006Australia School of Science Walailak University222 ThaiburiThasala DistrictNakhon Si Thammarat 80161Thailand Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory(BFBD) National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)113 Thailand Science ParkPhaholyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand Tamra' 313(Plot No.162)Vainguinnim ValleyDona PaulaGoa 403004India Department of Biosciences Mangalore UniversityMangaloreKarnatakaIndia School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityHuay Keaw RoadSuthepMuang DistrictChiang Mai 50200Thailand

Index Fungorum,Species Fungorum and MycoBank are the key fungal nomenclature and taxonomic databases that can be sourced to find taxonomic details concerning fungi,while DNA sequence data can be sourced from the NCBI,EBI and UNITE *** and ecological data on freshwater fungi can be accessed on http://***/,while http://***/provides a comprehensive list of names of marine organisms,including information on their *** websites however have little information on marine fungi and their ecology,beside articles that deal with marine fungi,especially those published in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries may not be accessible to those working in third world *** address this problem,a new website *** was set up and is introduced in this *** website provides a search facility to genera of marine fungi,full species descriptions,key to species and illustrations,an up to date classification of all recorded marine fungi which includes all fungal groups(Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Blastocladiomycota,Chytridiomycota,Mucoromycota and fungus-like organisms ***),and listing recent ***,1257 species are listed in the marine fungi website(***),in 539 genera,74 orders,168 families,20 classes and five phyla,with new taxa continuing to be *** website has curators with specialist mycological expertise who help to provide update data on the classification of marine *** article also reviews knowledge of marine fungi covering a wide range of topics:their higher classification,ecology and world distribution,role in energy transfer in the oceans,origin and new chemical *** updated classification of marine fungi is also *** would like to invite all mycologists to contribute to this innovative website.

关键词： Fungal classification marine fungi website High-throughput sequencing techniques Fungal diversity Origin of marine fungi

Identification of novel mutated genes conferring azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus

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Identification of novel mutated genes conferring azole resis...

Effect of Changing Heart Rate on the Ocular Pulse and Optic Nerve Head Deformations

中国菌物学会2015年学术年会

作者： Xiaolei Wei Peiying Chen Rongsui Gao Yeqi Li Anxue Zhang Feifei Liu Ling Lu Jiangsu Key laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for MicrobiologyCollege of Life SciencesNanjing Normal University

Azoles are currently the mainstay of antifungal treatment both in agricultural and clinical settings. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance particularly in the most common pathogenic species, Aspergillus fumigatus, is well documented and worrisomely on the rise. Thus, a thorough understanding of the drug resistance mechanisms of this fungus requires extensive exploration. In this study, we exposed clinic-derived A. fumigatus strain Af1160 to azole antifungal itraconazole（ITZ）. After serially passaged into solid media with a high concentration of ITZ（16 μg/m L）, 105 stable azole-resistant A. fumigatus strains were isolated. Based on phenotype and selected cyp51A gene analysis, we have evidence to suggest most of isolated have no mutation in cyp51A, and there were at least three different categories for these isolated resistance strains and each strain may have varied single-gene mutation that caused resistance to ITZ. Moreover, using next generation sequencing（NGS） and alignment analysis to reference genome sequence, we successfully identified that the mutation sites in two mutants. These mutations related to ITZ resistance were confirmed through the complementary test by re-engineering the mutation in wild-type background using a gene replacement strategy. We demonstrated that an amino acid substitution F219L in CYP51A and an amino acid substitution R243Q in COX10 could cause azole resistance respectively. Our study has addressed that the main reason of arise drug resistance during azole therapy is due to existed spontaneous mutation strains adaptable to persistent pressure of azole compounds.

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医用生物力学 2019年第A1期34卷 183-184页

作者： Yuejiao Jin Xiaofei Wang Sylvi Febriana Rachmawati Irnadiastputri Rosmin Elsa Mohan Tin Aung Leopold Schmetterer Michal JAGirard NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore Beijing Advanced InnovationCenter for Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of clinical Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaAustria Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of ViennaAustria

Objective To study the effect of changing heart rate on the ocular pulse and optic nerve head deformations with a viscoelastic lamina *** An FE model of a healthy eye was *** choroid was biphasic and consisted of a solid phase(connective tissues)and a fluid phase(blood).The LC was viscoelastic as characterized by a stress-relaxation *** applied arterial pressures at 18 entry sites(posterior ciliary arteries)and venous pressures at 4 exit sites(vortex veins).The heart rate was varied from 60 bpm to 120 bpm(increment:20 bpm).We reported the ocular pulse amplitude(OPA),pulse volume,optic nerve head(ONH)deformations and the dynamic modulus of the LC at different heart *** With an increasing heart rate,the OPA decreased by 0.04 mmHg for every 10 bpm *** pulse volume also exhibited a linear relationship with heart rate,and decreased by 0.13 *** addition,the storage modulus and the loss modulus of the LC center increased by 0.014 MPa and 0.04 MPa,respectively for every 10 pm increase in heart *** Our model predicted that the OPA,the pulse volume the ONH deformation decreased at a faster *** also found that the viscoelastic LC became stiffer with an increasing heart *** studies are required to explore the potential links with the vascular dysregulation and axonal loss in glaucoma.

关键词： Heart Rate Ocular Pulse Optic Nerve Head Deformations

Reprogrammed astrocytes display higher neurogenic competence, migration ability and cell death resistance than reprogrammed fibroblasts

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第1期9卷 55-65页

作者： Xiaohuan Xia Chunhong Li Yi Wang Xiaobei Deng Yizhao Ma Lu Ding Jialin Zheng Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072China Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA Department of Pathology and microbiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA

The direct reprogramming of somatic cells into induced neural progenitor cells(iNPCs)has been envisioned as a promising approach to overcome ethical and clinical issues of pluripotent stem cell *** previously reported that astrocyte-derived induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)have more tendencies for neuronal differentiation than fibroblast-derived ***,the differences of neurogenic potential between astrocytederived iNPCs(AiNPCs)and iNPCs from non-neural origins,such as fibroblast-derived iNPCs(FiNPCs),and the underlying mechanisms remain *** results suggested that AiNPCs exhibited higher differentiation efficiency,mobility and survival capacities,compared to *** whole transcriptome analysis revealed higher activities of TGFβsignaling in AiNPCs,versus FiNPCs,following a similar trend between astrocytes and *** higher neurogenic competence,migration ability,and cell death resistance of AiNPCs could be abrogated using TGFβ signaling inhibitor ***,our study demonstrates the difference between iNPCs generated from neural and non-neural cells,together with the underlying mechanisms,which,provides valuable information for donor cell selection in the reprogramming approach.

关键词： Reprogramming Astrocyte Fibroblast Induced neural progenitor cells TGFβsignaling Neurogenesis Proliferation Migration Survival

Effect of Ciprofloxacin on *** and *** Growth in Presence of Vitamin C Using Cup Cut Diffusion Method

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2019年第8期7卷 473-484页

作者： Suhera M. Aburawi Bassma M. Doro Ebtisam A. Awad Department of Pharmacology and clinical Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Tripoli. TripoliLibya Department of microbiology and Immunology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TripoliTripoliLibya

Ciprofloxacin is a second-generation of fluoroquinolone,broad-spectrum antibiotic with bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative *** is one of the most widely used antibiotics,because of its efficacy,safety,and relatively low *** acid(vitamin C)is water-soluble monosaccharide antioxidant;it is essentially required by the body for its various biochemical and physiological *** is Gram-positive cocci;widely distributed in the environment,it is a member of the normal flora of the *** is not always pathogenic;it is a common cause of skin infections including abscesses,respiratory infections such as sinusitis,and food *** is Gram-negative bacteria,found in the environment,foods,and *** *** strains are harmless;it is part of the normal microbiota of the ***,some serotypes of *** cause serious food poisoning in their hosts;it can cause diarrhea,while others cause urinary tract infections,respiratory illness and pneumonia,and other ***:Cup cut diffusion method was *** I:is carried out to choose the concentration of vitamin C to be used in experiment *** negative control is normal saline,added in cup in each plate,vitamin C(100 mg/mL,200 mg/mL,400 mg/mL)was added,the volume in each cup was 100μ*** II:Eight groups of treatments were *** first is the negative control(1%normal saline),the second group is the positive control of vitamin C(200 mg/mL).The third,fourth and fifth groups are ciprofloxacin with different concentrations(10 mg/mL,20 mg/mL,40 mg/mL);the sixth,seventh and eighth are the combination of vitamin C with each concentration of ciprofloxacin(10 mg/mL,20 mg/mL,40 mg/mL).Each group includes six petri *** plates were incubated at 37 oC for 24 h and 48 *** of inhibition is measured in *** and conclusion:Ciprofloxacin produces dose dependent increase in zone of inhibition of *** and *** gr

关键词： Ciprofloxacin vitamin C S.aureus E.coli cup cut diffusion method

Systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma:the times they are a-changin’

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第6期10卷 893-895页

作者： Claudia Campani Jean-Charles Nault centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Sorbonne UniversitéInsermUniversitéde ParisTeam“Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors”ParisFrance Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer Labex OncoImmunologyParisFrance Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Service d’Hépatologie Hôpital AvicenneHôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-DenisAssistance-Publique Hôpitaux de ParisBobignyFrance Unitéde Formation et de Recherche SantéMédecine et Biologie Humaine UniversitéParis 13Communautéd’Universités et Etablissements Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance

For a decade,sorafenib remained the only drug approved for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)due to the failure of several phase III trials in which alternative angiogenesis inhibitors were tested(1).In recent years,the field of systemic treatments of HCC has evolved quickly and a recent position paper of the European Association for the Study of the Liver has well described the current advances in the systemic treatment of advanced HCC as well as the unmet needs in the field(1).First,lenvatinib was approved as an alternative to sorafenib in the first-line setting,and,thus,regorafenib,cabozantinib and ramucirumab as second-line treatments for patients who progressed on sorafenib(1).

关键词： hepatocellular treatment Liver

Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics and Renal Excretion of Ma-Zi-Ren-Wan in Health Subjects

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第2期3卷 8-15页

作者： Dong-Dong Hu Linda Li-Dan Zhong Kun Wai Huai-Xue Mu Cheng-Yuan Lin Ling Zhao Liang Dai Tao Huang Zhao-Xiang Bian Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Study centre Hong Kong Baptist University School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Baptist University Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education

Background: Ma-Zi-Ren-Wan(MZRW) is a classic Chinese formula for treating human constipation. It is comprised of six *** previous studies have shown its great therapeutic effect. The absorbed compounds had been studied in rat, while there was no study about its components in human ***: To observe the components of MZRW absorbed in health subjects and study the pharmacokinetics of major compounds. At the same time, to observe the renal excretion of MZRW in health subjects based on the quantification of major ***: Health adults were randomly assigned to three dose groups(5 g, 7.5 g and 10 g q.d.) of MZRW. Blood samples were collected from the medial cubital vein just before and at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h after administration. Urine samples were collected at 0 to 3 h, 3 to 6 h, 6 to 9 h and 9 to 12 h after MZRW administration, with the urine volume recorded for each time segment. Plasma and urine samples were analyzed by optimized LC-MSMS(Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) method for pharmacokinetics and renal excretion study of ***: Ten compounds of MZRW were observed in 23 health subjects. Due to the low concentration in plasma at the current dose, only four compounds(Albiflorin, paeoniflorin, magnolol and rhein) were quantified in the plasma sample. Honokiol, aloe emodin and emodin could only meet the LLOQ at some time points of the high dose group. Hesperidin, naringin and amygdalin could not be detected in plasma sample. While seven compounds(Amygdalin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, magnolol, honokiol, rhein and aloe emodin) could be quantified in urine, the renal excretion was well ***: MZRW was safe and well tolerated in this clinical study. Albiflorin, paeoniflorin, magnolol and rhein was well quantified in plasma. The renal excretion of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and rhein were dose dependent for doses ranging between 5 and 10 g.

关键词： Ma-Zi-Ren-Wan LC-MS/MS Pharmacokinetics Human plasma Renal Excretion

Adult neurogenesis and pattern separation in rodents： A critical evaluation of data, tasks and interpretation

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Frontiers in Biology 2016年第3期11卷 168-181页

作者： Martha Hvoslef-Eide Charlotte A. Oomen Department of Psychology University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3EB United Kingdom Behavioural and clinical Neuroscience Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3 EB United Kingdom Current addess Department of Bioscienees University of Oslo 0370 Oslo Norway Department of Cognitive Neuroseienee Radboud University Medical Center Donders Institute Geert Grooteplein 21 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands Current address centre for Neuroscience Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands Current address Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1085 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands

The ability to discriminate and store similar inputs as distinct representations in memory is thought to rely on a process called pattern separation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Recent computational and empirical findings support a role for adult-born granule neurons in spatial pattern separation. We reviewed rodent studies that have manipulated both hippocampal adult neurogenesis and assessed pattern separation. The majority of studies report a supporting role of adult born neurons in pattern separation as measured at the behavioral level. However, closer evaluation of the published findings reveals variation in both pattern separation tasks and in the interpretation of behavioral performance that, taken together, suggests that the role of hippocampal adult neurogenesis in pattern separation may be less established than is currently assumed. Assessment of pattern separation at the network level through the use of immediate early gene expression, optogenetic, pharmacogenetic and/or in vivo electrophysiology studies could be instrumental in further confirming a role of adult born neurons in pattern separation further. Finally, hippocampal adult neurogenesis and pattern separation are not an exclusive pair, as evidence for hippocampal adult neurogenesis contributing to the temporal separation of events in memory, forgetting and cognitive flexibility has also been found. We conclude that whereas current empirical evidence for the involvement of hippocampal adult neurogenesis in pattern separation seems supportive, there is a need for careful interpretation of behavioral findings and an integration of the various proposed functions of adult born neurons.

关键词： adult neurogenesis memory pattern separation dentate gyrus behavioral paradigms