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Domestication-related changes in sexual performance of Queensland fruit fly

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Insect Science 2021年第5期28卷 1491-1503页

作者： Jeanneth Perez Vivian Mendez Boaz Yuval Phillip WTaylor Applied biosciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training centre for Fruit Fly Biosecurity Innovation Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Department of Entomology The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael

In Sterile Insect Technique(SIT)programs,massive numbers of insects are reared,sterilized,and released in the field to impede reproduction of pest *** domestication and rearing processes used to produce insects for SIT programs may have significant evolutionary impacts on life history and reproductive *** assessed the effects of domestication on sexual performance of laboratory reared Queensland fruit fly,Bactrocera tryoni,by comparing an old(49 generations)and a young colony(5 generations).We evaluated mating propensity,mating latency,copula duration,sperm transfer,and ability to induce sexual inhibition in ***,both males and females from the old colony had greater mating propensity than those from the young *** duration was longer when females were from the old *** was no evidence of sexual isolation between the colonies as males and females from the two colonies had similar propensity to mate with flies from either *** from the old colony transferred more sperm regardless of which colony their mate was ***,males from both colonies were similarly able to induce sexual inhibition in their mates and were also similarly able to secure copulations with already-mated *** effects of domestication on sperm transfer,coupled with maintained ability to induce sexual inhibition in mates and to secure copulations with previously mated females,highlights that domestication may have little effect,or even positive effects,on some aspects of sexual performance that may advantage mass-reared *** in SIT programs.

关键词： laboratory adaptation mass-rearing Q-fly sexual behavior sterile insect technique

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基因组印记研究进展(英文)

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2007年第2期34卷 93-103页

作者： Anjana Munshi Shanti Duvvuri Department of Genetics Shadan PG Centre for Biosciences Khairtabad Hyderabad 500016 India

基因组印记是由于父源或母源的等位基因受到“标记”而发生的不符合孟德尔遗传定律的特殊遗传现象。父源或母源的等位基因通过某种特异的基因修饰机制,如 DNA 甲基化,非编码 RNA 的调节作用和组蛋白修饰等,抑制另一拷贝的表达。哺乳动... 详细信息

基因组印记是由于父源或母源的等位基因受到“标记”而发生的不符合孟德尔遗传定律的特殊遗传现象。父源或母源的等位基因通过某种特异的基因修饰机制,如 DNA 甲基化,非编码 RNA 的调节作用和组蛋白修饰等,抑制另一拷贝的表达。哺乳动物中的基因印记影响着其生长发育,正常印记模式的改变在临床上会引起许多疾病。文章总结了自印记现象被发现后二十几年来的研究进展,包括印记的发生机制、发生途径、进化方式和起源理论。目前对基因印记的了解还不完全,后基因组技术的发展也许能够促进对其分子机制的进一步揭示。

关键词：印记表观遗传学 DNA甲基化组蛋白修饰非编码RNAs 进化

Fluorescence regional integration and differential fluorescence spectroscopy for analysis of structural characteristics and proton binding properties of fulvic acid sub-fractions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期30卷 116-125页

作者： Fanhao Song Fengchang Wu Weiying Feng Zhi Tang John P.Giesy Fei Guo Di Shi Xiaofei Liu Ning Qin Baoshan Xing Yingchen Bai State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science Department of Biomedical and Veterinary biosciences and Toxicology centre University of Saskatchewan College of Resources Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts

Structural characteristics and proton binding properties of sub-fractions（FA3–FA13） of fulvic acid（FA）, eluted stepwise by pyrophosphate buffer were examined by use of fluorescence titration combined with fluorescence regional integration（FRI） and differential fluorescence spectroscopy（DFS）. Humic-like（H-L） and fulvic-like（F-L） materials, which accounted for more than 80% of fluorescence response, were dominant in five sub-fractions of FA. Based on FRI analysis, except the response of F-L materials in FA9 and FA13, maximum changes in percent fluorescence response were less than 10% as pH was increased from 2.5 to *** of carboxylic and phenolic groups were compared for fluorescence peaks of FA sub-fractions based on pH-dependent fluorescence derived from DFS. Static quenching was the dominant mechanism for binding of protons by FA sub-fractions. Dissociation constants（p Ka） were calculated by use of results of DFS and the modified Stern-Volmer relationship. The p Kaof H-L, F-L, tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like materials of FA subfractions exhibited ranges of 3.17–4.06, 3.12–3.97, 4.14–4.45 and 4.25–4.76, respectively, for acidic pHs. At basic pHs, values of p Ka for corresponding materials were in ranges of 9.71–10.24, 9.62–10.99, 9.67–10.31 and 9.33–10.28, respectively. At acidic pH, protein-like（P-L）materials had greater affinities for protons than did either H-L or F-L materials. The dicarboxylic and phenolic groups were likely predominant sites of protonation for both H-L and F-L materials at both acidic and basic pHs. Amino acid groups were significant factors during proton binding to protein-like materials of FA sub-fractions at basic pH.

关键词： Fluorescence titration Protonation Modified Stern-Volmer equation Dissociation constant Binding

Global wild rice germplasm resources conservation alliance:World Wild-Rice Wiring

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 516-518页

作者： Xiaoming Zheng Disna Ratnasekera Jiayu Fan Robert J.Henry Beng-Kah Song Kenneth M.Olsen Bal Krishna Joshi Maria Celeste N.Banaticla-Hilario Tonapha Pusadee Adane Getachew Melaku Yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko Koukham Vilayheuang Gavers K.Oppong Samuel Aduse Poku Peterson W.Wambugu Song Ge Aldo Merotto Junior Ohn Mar Aung Ramaiah Venuprasad Ajay Kohli Wenbin Zhou Qian Qian National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya National Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manila 4031Philippines Department of Agricultural Biology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka Yazhouwan National Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya CityHainan Province 572024China Hainan University Haikou 570228China ARC centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Science Monash University Malaysia47500 Bandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center(Genebank) KhumaltarPO Box 3055KathmanduNepal Plant Biology Division Insttute of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Pilippines Los BanosLos BanosLaguna 4031Philippines Division of Agronomy Department of Plant and Soil SciencesFaculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Bio and Emerging Technology Institute Addis Ababa 1165Ethiopia National University of Sciences TechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Dassa-ZouméBP 14Benin National Genebank Rice and Cash Crops Research CenterNAFRIVientiane 0605Lao PDR Plant Sciences and the Bioeconomy Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK UK Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of biosciences and University of Nottingham Nottingham LE125RDUK Department of Plant and Environmental Biology University of GhanaAccraGhana Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Genetic Resources Research InstituteNairobi 00200Kenya Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul UFRGSPorto Alegre 91501-970RSBrazil Department of Agricultur

Wild relatives of crop are key genetic resources serving as diversity reservoirs for crop improvement under changing ***(Oryza sativa)is one of the most important crops in the world,providing staple food for half of the world's *** rice is thus a critical germplasm resource for sustained global food security,ensuring high production yields,improved quality,and stress resistance in the face of climate *** rice is closely related to domesticated rice and has a rich genetic diversity and exceptional adaptability to extreme *** has played a pivotal role in the history of rice hybridization and has become a key resource for rice breeding *** identification of wild-type cytoplasmic male sterility resources paved the way for the achievement of the“three lines”goal in hybrid rice,leading to a significant increase in rice *** addition,the use of resistance alleles found in wild rice is making rice production more resilient to losses caused by environmental ***,wild rice germplasm resources are threatened due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic *** the same time,the lack of centralized distribution of wild rice has hampered the sharing of basic information on wild rice resources and the utilization and conservation of wild rice in each country,as well as collaboration among scientists.

关键词： germplasm breeding crops

The Ornithodolite as a tool to quantify animal space use and habitat selection: a case study with birds diving in tidal waters

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 4-16页

作者： Emma-Louise COLE James J WAGGITT Anders HEDENSTROM Marco PIANO Mark D.HOLTON Luca BÖRGER Emily L.C.SHEPARD Department of biosciences Swansea UniversitySwanseaUK School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeUK Department of Biology Lund UniversityEcology BuildingSweden centre for Applied Marine Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeUK

Animal-attached technologies can be powerful means to quantify space use and behavior;however,there are also ethical implications associated with capturing and instrumenting ***,tagging approaches are not necessarily well-suited for examining the movements of multiple individuals within specific,local areas of ***,we assess a method of quantifying animal space use based on a modified theodolite with an inbuilt laser *** a database of>4200 tracks of migrating birds,we show that detection distance in-creases with bird body mass(range 5 g to>10 kg).The maximum distance recorded to a bird was 5500 m and measurement error was≤5 m for targets within this distance range:a level comparable to methods such as GPS *** go on to present a case study where this method was used to assess habitat selection in seabirds operating in dynamic coastal waters close to a tidal *** positional data with outputs from a hydrographic model revealed that great cormorants(Phalacrocorax carbo)appeared to be highly selective of current characteristics in space and time,exploiting areas where mean current speeds were<0.8 m∙s^(−1) and diving at times when turbulent energy levels were *** birds also oriented into tidal currents during *** together,this suggests that collision risks are low for cormorants at this site,as the 2 conditions avoided by cormorants(high mean current speeds and turbulence levels)are associated with operational tidal ***-all,we suggest that this modified theodolite system is well-suited to the quantification of movement in small areas associated with particular development strategies,including sustainable energy devices.

关键词： GPS habitat use movement ecology seabird tidal turbine

Proton dynamics in phosphotungstic acid impregnated mesoporous silica proton exchange membrane materials

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Green Energy & Environment 2017年第3期2卷 294-301页

作者： Krystina Lamb Richard A.Mole Dehong Yu Roland de Marco John R Bartlett Sarah Windsor San Ping Jiang Jin Zhang Vanessa K.Peterson Faculty of Science.Health Education and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine Coast Australian centre for Neutron Scattering Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation School of Chemistry and Molecular biosciences The University of Queensland Fuels and Energy Technology Institute Curtin University

Phosphotungstic acid is an excellent proton conductor that can be incorporated into porous supports, and nanocomposite proton exchange membrane materials made from mesoporous silica impregnated with phosphotungstic acid have been suggested for use in fuels cells operating> 100 ℃. In this work, quasielastic neutron scattering was used to study proton self-diffusion in mesoporous disordered and P6 mm symmetry silica impregnated with two concentrations of phosphotungstic acid. Overall, the silica structure had a significantly greater effect on proton conduction and diffusion than phosphotungstic acid concentration, with higher proton conduction occurring for the P6 mm symmetry silica samples. Quasielastic neutron scattering revealed two populations of protons diffusing through each sample, and that proton conduction is limited by the slower of these populations, which diffuse via a jump-diffusion mechanism. Whilst the fundamental jump-diffusion mechanism by which these slower protons moved was found to be similar for both silica supports and phosphotungstic acid concentrations, the faster diffusion occurring in P6 mm structured silica arises from a lower residence time of protons moving between sites in the jump-diffusion model, suggesting a lower energy barrier.

关键词： Fuel cells Neutron scattering Proton conduction Proton exchange membranes Silica

Control of flowering in rice through synthetic microProteins

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第6期62卷 730-736页

作者： Tenai Eguen Jorge Gomez Ariza Vittoria Brambilla Bin Sun Kaushal Kumar Bhati Fabio Fornara Stephan Wenkel Copenhagen Plant Science centre University of Copenhagen1871Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen1871Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of biosciences Universitàdegli Studi di Milano20133MilanoItaly

Photoperiod-dependent flowering in rice is regulated by HEADING DATE 1(Hd1),which acts as both an activator and repressor of flowering in a daylengthdependent *** investigate the use of microProteins as a tool to modify rice sensitivity to the photoperiod,we designed a synthetic Hd1 micro Protein(Hd1miP)capable of interacting with Hd1 protein,and overexpressed it in *** OX-Hd1 miP plants flowered significantly earlier than wild type plants when Breakt grown in non-inductive long day *** results show the potential of microProteins to serve as powerful tools for modulating crop traits and unraveling protein function.

关键词： function. inductive flowering

Isolation and characterization of marine biofilm forming bacteriafrom a ship＇s hull

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第3期13卷 208-214页

作者： Kavitha S Vimala Raghavan School of biosciences and Technology Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632-014 Tamil Nadu India centre for Nanotechnology Researchl Vellore Institute of Technologyl Vellore-632 014 Tamil Nadu India

Diverse aquatic microorganisms are capable of colonizing living and non-living surfaces leading to the formation of biofilms. Commonly visualized as a slimy layer, these biofilms are filled with hundreds of other microorganisms compared to free living planktonic cells. Microbial surface colonization and surface-associated metabolic activities also exert several macroscale deleterious effects, including biofouling, biocorrosion and the persistence and transmission of harmful or pathogenic microorganisms and virulence determinants. The present study deals with the isolation and screening of marine bacteria for biofilm formation. The screened isolates were characterized and identified as Pychrobacter celer, Pychrobacter alimentarius and Kocuria rhizophila by 16S rRNA sequencing. Biofilm forming bacteria were isolated by spread plate technique and subjected to screening by microtiter plate assay. The potent biofilm formers were identified by molecular characterization using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Twelve bacterial isolates were obtained by pour plate technique and subjected to biofilm assay. Among the 12 isolates three isolates which showed maximum biofilm formation were subjected to molecular characterizationby 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. The isolates were identified as Pychrobacter celer, Pychrobacter alimentarius and Kocuria rhizophila. The EPS produced by the three biofilm forming bacteria was extracted and the protein and carbohydrate content determined. Among the isolates screened, isolate 8 (Kocuria rhizophila) produced maximum protein and carbohydrate which was also in accordance with the results of microtiter plate assay.

关键词： biofilm, MTP assay, extracellular polymeric substances, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Psychrobacter, Kocuria

Population Ecology of the Endangered Himalayan Yew in Khokhan Wildlife Sanctuary of North Western Himalaya for Conservation Management

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第3期5卷 257-264页

作者： Shreekar Pant S.S.Samant centre for Biodiversity Studies School of Biosciences & BiotechnologyBaba Ghulam Shah Badshah UniversityRajouriJ&KIndia G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment & Development Himachal UnitMohal-Kullu-175126Himachal PradeshIndia

The Himalayan Yew (Taxus baccata subsp. wallichiana) is an endangered native high value medicinal plant of the Himalayan Region. The several medicinal properties of the bark and leaves of this species have increased its risk of extinction due to pressures for utilization. It is also subjected to harvest for fuelwood. The species does not regenerate well from seed and that is another risk factor. The objective of this research was to investigate the population ecology of the species as a foundation for its conservation. Six forest communities in the Khokhan Wildlife Sanctuary where the species is present were sampled. The abundance of the species, impacts of harvesting and its current regeneration patterns indicate that it may soon be extirpated from the Sanctuary. A plan for conserving the remaining sub-populations is presented. It could provide a template for conservation in other locations where the species is at risk.

关键词：种群分布生物灭绝喜马拉雅山再生环境