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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 172-174页

作者： Bohayra Mortazavi Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh Institute of Photonics Department of Mathematics and PhysicsLeibniz Universität HannoverWelfengarten 1AHannover 30167Germany Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD Leibniz Universität HannoverWelfengarten 1AHannover 30167Germany Department of applied Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryRazi UniversityKermanshah 67144-14971Iran Australian centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology(ACWEB formerly AWMC)Gehrmann BuildingThe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia

Over the past two decades,nanofluidics[1]has emerged as a pivotal field with profound implications across various disciplines,including fluid mechanics,condensed matter physics,engineering,materials science,and *** confining and manipulating liquids,gases,ions,and other complex fluids at the nanoscale,nanofluidics enables unprecedented control over their behavior and properties.

关键词： properties fluid dynamics

Robust Facial Biometric Authentication System Using Pupillary Light Reflex for Liveness Detection of Facial Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 725-739页

作者： Puja S.Prasad Adepu Sree Lakshmi Sandeep Kautish Simar Preet Singh Rajesh Kumar Shrivastava Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Hossam M.Zawbaa Ali Wagdy Mohamed CSE Department Geethanjali College of EngineeringHyderabadTelangana501301India Department of Computer Science LBEF CampusKathmandu44600Nepal School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia CeADAR Ireland’s centre for AI Technological University DublinDublinD07 EWV4Ireland Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

Pupil dynamics are the important characteristics of face spoofing *** face recognition system is one of the most used biometrics for authenticating individual *** main threats to the facial recognition system are different types of presentation attacks like print attacks,3D mask attacks,replay attacks,*** proposed model uses pupil characteristics for liveness detection during the authentication *** pupillary light reflex is an involuntary reaction controlling the pupil’s diameter at different light *** proposed framework consists of two-phase *** the first phase,the pupil’s diameter is calculated by applying stimulus(light)in one eye of the subject and calculating the constriction of the pupil size on both eyes in different video *** above measurement is converted into feature space using Kohn and Clynes model-defined *** Support Vector Machine is used to classify legitimate subjects when the diameter change is normal(or when the eye is alive)or illegitimate subjects when there is no change or abnormal oscillations of pupil behavior due to the presence of printed photograph,video,or 3D mask of the subject in front of the *** the second phase,we perform the facial recognition ***-invariant feature transform(SIFT)is used to find the features from the facial images,with each feature having a size of a 128-dimensional *** features are scale,rotation,and orientation invariant and are used for recognizing facial *** brute force matching algorithm is used for matching features of two different *** threshold value we considered is 0.08 for good *** analyze the performance of the framework,we tested our model in two Face antispoofing datasets named Replay attack datasets and CASIA-SURF datasets,which were used because they contain the videos of the subjects in each sample having three modalities(RGB,IR,Depth).The CASIA-SURF datasets showed an 89.9%Equal Err

关键词： SIFT pupil CASIA-SURF pupillary light reflex replay attack dataset brute force

Genetic diversity of RNA viruses infecting invertebrate pests of rice

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 175-187页

作者： Haoran Wang Shufen Chao Qing Yan Shu Zhang Guoqing Chen Chonghui Mao Yang Hu Fengquan Yu Shuo Wang Liang Lv Baojun Yang Jiachun He Songbai Zhang Liangsheng Zhang Peter Simmonds Guozhong Feng State Key Laboratory of Rice biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 311400China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Institute of Plant Protection&Soil Fertilizer Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China Institute of Plant Protection Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550000China Institute of Plant Protection Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161China Sanya Agricultural Technology Extension and Service centre Sanya 572000China College of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434000China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia applied Plant Systems biology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Nuffield Department of Medicine Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13SYUnited Kingdom

Invertebrate species are a natural reservoir of viral genetic diversity,and invertebrate pests are widely distributed in crop ***,information on viruses infecting invertebrate pests of crops is *** this report,we describe the deep metatranscriptomic sequencing of 88 invertebrate samples covering all major invertebrate pests in rice *** identified 296 new RNA viruses and 13 known RNA *** viruses clustered within 31 families,with many highly divergent viruses constituting potentially new families and *** the identified viruses,13 RNA viruses clustered within the Fiersviridae family of bacteriophages,and 48 RNA viruses clustered within families and genera of *** detected known rice viruses in novel invertebrate hosts at high ***,some novel RNA viruses have genome structures closely matching to known plant viruses and clustered within genera of several plant virus *** potential insect pathogenic RNA viruses were detected in invertebrate *** analysis revealed that host taxonomy plays a major role and geographical location plays an important role in structuring viral ***-species transmission of RNA viruses was detected between invertebrate *** identified viral genomes showed extensive variation for invertebrate viral families or ***,the large-scale metatranscriptomic analysis greatly expands our understanding of RNA viruses in rice invertebrate species,the results provide valuable information for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated crop diseases.

关键词： invertebrate species metatranscriptome viral diversity viral transmission viral genomes

A survey of sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics in the environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 21-27页

作者： Louise K.M.Chow Timothy M.Ghaly Michael R.Gillings Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversityNSW 2109Australia ARC centre of Excellence in synthetic biology Macquarie UniversityNSW 2109Australia

Antibiotics are poorly metabolized,and can enter the environment via human waste streams,agricultural run-off and pharmaceutical *** consequently expect to see a concentration gradient of antibiotic compounds radiating from areas of human *** antibiotics should be thought of as pollutants,as they can accumulate,and have biological *** antibiotic pollutants can increase rates of mutation and lateral transfer events,and continue to exert selection pressure even at sub-inhibitory ***,we conducted a literature survey on environmental concentrations of *** collated 887 data points from 40 peer-reviewed *** then determined whether these concentrations were biologically relevant by comparing them to their minimum selective concentrations,usually defined as between 1/4 and 1/230 of the minimum inhibitory *** concentrations of antibiotics surveyed often fall into this *** general,the antibiotic concentrations recorded in aquatic and sediment samples were *** findings indicate that environmental concentrations of antibiotics are likely to be influencing microbial ecology,and to be driving the selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

关键词： Antimicrobial Pollution Evolution Microorganism Environment Antibiotic resistance

Non-convex optimization for inverse problem solving in computer-generated holography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1464-1486页

作者： Xiaomeng Sui Zehao He Daping Chu Liangcai Cao Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Centre for Photonic Devices and SensorsUniversity of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30FAUK Cambridge University Nanjing centre of Technology and Innovation 23 Rongyue RoadJiangbei New AreaNanjing 210000China

Computer-generated holography is a promising technique that modulates user-defined wavefronts with digital *** appropriate holograms with faithful reconstructions is not only a problem closely related to the fundamental basis of holography but also a long-standing challenge for researchers in general fields of *** the exact solution of a desired hologram to reconstruct an accurate target object constitutes an ill-posed inverse *** general practice of single-diffraction computation for synthesizing holograms can only provide an approximate answer,which is subject to limitations in numerical *** non-convex optimization algorithms are thus designed to seek an optimal solution by introducing different constraints,frameworks,and ***,we overview the optimization algorithms applied to computer-generated holography,incorporating principles of hologram synthesis based on alternative projections and gradient descent *** is aimed to provide an underlying basis for optimized hologram generation,as well as insights into the cuttingedge developments of this rapidly evolving field for potential applications in virtual reality,augmented reality,head-up display,data encryption,laser fabrication,and metasurface design.

关键词： optimization convex inverse

Understanding and unveiling the electro-chemo-mechanical behavior in solid-state batteries

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SusMat 2024年第2期4卷 75-88页

作者： Yunlei Zhong Xia Zhang Yong Zhang Peng Jia Yuebin Xi Lixing Kang Zhenjiang Yu Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Division of Advanced MaterialsSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhouChina Institute of applied Materials Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials and EnergyBerlinGermany School of Electronic and Information Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshuJiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking Qilu University of TechnologyJinanShandongChina

Solid-state batteries(SSBs)are attracting growing interest as long-lasting,thermally resilient,and high-safe energy storage *** an emerging area of battery chemistry,there are many issues with SSBs,including strongly reductive lithium anodes,oxidized cathodes(state of charge),the thermodynamic stability limits of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs),and the ubiquitous and critical *** this Review,we provided an overview of the main obstacles in the development of SSBs,such as the lithium anode|SSEs interface,the cathode|SSEs interface,lithium-ion transport in the SSEs,and the root origin of lithium intrusions,as well as the safety issues caused by the *** and overcoming these obstacles are crucial but also extremely challenging as the localized and buried nature of the intimate contact between electrode and SSEs makes direct detection *** reviewed advanced characterization techniques and discussed the complex ion/electron-transport mechanism that have been plaguing ***,we focused on studying and revealing the coupled electro-chemo-mechanical behavior occurring in the lithium anode,cathode,SSEs,and beyond.

关键词： advanced characterization techniques chemo-mechanical effects interface

Projecting Spring Consecutive Rainfall Events in the Three Gorges Reservoir Based on Triple-Nested Dynamical Downscaling

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1539-1558页

作者： Yanxin ZHENG Shuanglin LI Noel KEENLYSIDE Shengping HE Lingling SUO Department of Atmospheric Science CMA-CUG Joint Centre for Severe Weather and Climate and Hydro-geological HazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Atmospheric Physics and Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Three Gorges National Climatological Observatory Yichang 443099China Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center and Bjerknes centre for Climate Research Bergen 5007Norway Nansen-Zhu International Research centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Spring consecutive rainfall events(CREs) are key triggers of geological hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGR), China. However, previous projections of CREs based on the direct outputs of global climate models(GCMs) are subject to considerable uncertainties, largely caused by their coarse resolution. This study applies a triple-nested WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting) model dynamical downscaling, driven by a GCM, MIROC6(Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, version 6), to improve the historical simulation and reduce the uncertainties in the future projection of CREs in the TGR. Results indicate that WRF has better performances in reproducing the observed rainfall in terms of the daily probability distribution, monthly evolution and duration of rainfall events, demonstrating the ability of WRF in simulating CREs. Thus, the triple-nested WRF is applied to project the future changes of CREs under the middle-of-the-road and fossil-fueled development scenarios. It is indicated that light and moderate rainfall and the duration of continuous rainfall spells will decrease in the TGR, leading to a decrease in the frequency of CREs. Meanwhile, the duration, rainfall amount, and intensity of CREs is projected to regional increase in the central-west TGR. These results are inconsistent with the raw projection of MIROC6. Observational diagnosis implies that CREs are mainly contributed by the vertical moisture advection. Such a synoptic contribution is captured well by WRF, which is not the case in MIROC6,indicating larger uncertainties in the CREs projected by MIROC6.

关键词： triple-nested downscaling Three Gorges Reservoir area consecutive rainfall events geological hazards projection

用于EUV图案化的新型氧化锌簇交联策略的辐射化学

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Science China Materials 2024年第5期67卷 1588-1593页

作者：司友明周丹红赵俊彭译锋陈鹏忠樊江莉彭孝军 State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204China

由于C=C双键交联反应机制的成熟,金属氧化物光刻胶得到了广泛的发展.然而,由于不稳定的C=C双键,这种材料需要低温和遮光存储.在此,首次在金属氧簇中提出了C-F键交联策略用于光刻图案化.以光刻胶Zn-TBA为例,它形成光滑无缺陷的薄膜,且表... 详细信息

由于C=C双键交联反应机制的成熟,金属氧化物光刻胶得到了广泛的发展.然而,由于不稳定的C=C双键,这种材料需要低温和遮光存储.在此,首次在金属氧簇中提出了C-F键交联策略用于光刻图案化.以光刻胶Zn-TBA为例,它形成光滑无缺陷的薄膜,且表面粗糙度Rq小于0.2 nm.使用极紫外(EUV)干涉掩模,在65 mJ cm^(-2)曝光剂量下形成37.5 nm的半周期(HP)图案.在EUV曝光和正己烷显影后,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)观察到负性光刻胶形貌.重要的是,Zn-TBA可以在室温和明亮的环境中储存.除了脱羧之外,我们还提出光引发的C-F交联是Zn-TBA图案的主要贡献者,并通过高分辨率X射线光电子能谱(HRXPS)和密度泛函理论(DFT)计算得以证明.这种新颖的光刻机制为下一代金属基材料的设计提供了新的思路.

关键词： zinc-oxo cluster C-F crosslinking extreme ultraviolet lithography radiation chemistry lithography mechanism

A New Method for Diagnosis of Leukemia Utilizing a Hybrid DL-ML Approach for Binary and Multi-Class Classification on a Limited-Sized Database

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 593-631页

作者： Nilkanth Mukund Deshpande Shilpa Gite Biswajeet Pradhan Abdullah Alamri Chang-Wook Lee Department of Electronics&Telecommunication LavaleSymbiosis Institute of TechnologySymbiosis International(Deemed University)PuneMaharashtra412115India Electronics&Telecommunication Dr.Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of EngineeringAhmednagarMaharashtra414111India Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Department Symbiosis Institute of TechnologySymbiosis International(Deemed)UniversityPune412115India Symbiosis centre of applied AI(SCAAI) Symbiosis International(Deemed)UniversityPune412115India centre for AdvancedModelling and Geospatial Information Systems(CAMGIS) School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering&ITUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia Earth Observation centre Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia Department of Geology&Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Science Education Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon-si24341Korea

Infection of leukemia in humans causes many complications in its later *** impairs bone marrow’s ability to produce *** diagnosis of human blood cells is a well-known and well-proven technique for diagnosis in this *** binary classification is employed to distinguish between normal and leukemiainfected *** addition,various subtypes of leukemia require different *** sub-classes must also be detected to obtain an accurate diagnosis of the type of *** entails using multi-class classification to determine the leukemia *** is usually done using a microscopic examination of these blood *** to the requirement of a trained pathologist,the decision process is critical,which leads to the development of an automated software framework for *** utilized state-of-the-art machine learning approaches,such as Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest(RF),Na飗e Bayes,K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN),and others,to provide limited accuracies of *** advanced deep-learning methods are also *** to constrained dataset sizes,these approaches result in over-fitting,reducing their outstanding *** study introduces a deep learning-machine learning combined approach for leukemia *** uses deep transfer learning frameworks to extract and classify features using state-of-the-artmachine learning *** transfer learning frameworks such as VGGNet,Xception,InceptionResV2,Densenet,and ResNet are employed as feature *** extracted features are given to RF and XGBoost classifiers for the binary and multi-class classification of leukemia *** the experimentation,a very popular ALL-IDB dataset is used,approaching a maximum accuracy of 100%.A private real images dataset with three subclasses of leukemia images,including Acute Myloid Leukemia(AML),Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia(CLL),and Chronic Myloid Leukemia(CML),is also employed to generalize the *** d

关键词： Leukemia diagnosis deep learning machine learning random forest XGBoost

Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： Sofia Tisocco Sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building Services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI Research centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation