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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第8期34卷 2491-2506页

作者： Le ZAI Xin tong Yun WANG Xiao-huai XUE School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Brunel centre for Advanced Solidification Technology(BCAST) Brunel University LondonUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUnited Kingdom

The effect of addition temperature of MgO particles(MgOp)on their dispersion behavior and the efficiency of grain refinement in AZ31 Mg alloy was *** addition,the grain refinement mechanism was systematically studied by microstructure characterization,thermodynamic calculation,and analysis of solidification *** results show that the grain size of AZ31 Mg alloy initially decreases and then increases as the MgOp addition temperature is increased from 720 to 810℃,exhibiting a minimum value of 136μm at 780℃.The improved grain refinement efficiency with increasing MgOp addition temperature can be attributed to the reduced Mg melt viscosity and enhanced wettability between MgOp and Mg ***,a corresponding physical model describing the solidification behavior and grain refinement mechanism was proposed.

关键词： grain refinement MgO nucleation particles AZ31 alloy addition temperature dispersion behavior

The biosynthesis of asiaticoside and madecassoside reveals tandem duplication-directed evolution of glycoside glycosyltransferases in the Apiales

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Plant Communications 2024年第10期5卷 166-179页

作者： Xiaoyang Han Jingyi Zhao Hong Zhou Xuan Zhou Zixin Deng Zhenhua Liu Yi Yu Department of Gastroenterology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityHubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseaseSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Joint Center for Single Cell Biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology Guangxi Academy of SciencesNanning 530007China

Certain plant species within the Apiales order accumulate triterpenoid saponins that feature a distinctive glucose-glucose-rhamnose(G-G-R)sugar chain attached at the C-28 position of the pentacyclic triterpene *** recently,the genomic basis underlying the biosynthesis and evolution of this sugar chain has remained *** this study,we identified two novel glycoside glycosyltransferases(GGTs)that can sequentially install the sugar chain’s second D-glucose and third L-rhamnose during the biosynthesis of asiaticoside and madecassoside,two representative G-G-R sugar chain-containing triterpenoid saponins produced by Centella *** assays revealed the remarkable substrate promiscuity of the two GGTs and the key residues crucial for sugar-donor selectivity of the glucosyltransferase and rhamnosyl*** further identified syntenic tandem gene duplicates of the two GGTs in the Apiaceae and Araliaceae families,suggesting a well-conserved genomic basis underlying sugar chain assembly that likely has evolved in the early ancestors of the Apiales ***,expression patterns of the two GGTs in pierced leaves of *** were found to be correlated with the production of asiaticoside and madecassoside,implying their involvement in host defense against herbivores and *** work sheds light on the biosynthesis and evolution of complex saponin sugars,paving the way for future engineering of diverse bioactive triterpenoids with unique glycoforms.

关键词： triterpenoid saponin glycoside glycosyltransferases biosynthesis asiaticoside madecassoside Centella asiatica

A toolbox for genetic manipulation in intestinal Clostridium symbiosum

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第1期9卷 43-54页

作者： Pengjie Yang Jinzhong Tian Lu Zhang Hui Zhang Gaohua Yang Yimeng Ren Jingyuan Fang Yang Gu Weihong Jiang CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Xianghu Laboratory Hangzhou311231China NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyShanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University145 Middle Shandong RoadShanghai200001China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen518120China The Wallenberg Laboratory Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgBruna Straket 16Gothenburg41345Sweden

Gut microbes are closely related with human health,but remain much to *** symbiosum is a conditionally pathogenic human gut bacterium and regarded as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of intestinal ***,the absence of an efficient toolbox that allows diverse genetic manipulations of this bacterium limits its in-depth ***,we obtained the complete genome sequence of *** ATCC 14940,a representative strain of *** this basis,we further developed a series of genetic manipulation methods for this ***,following the identification of a functional replicon pBP1 in *** ATCC 14940,a highly efficient conjugative DNA transfer method was established,enabling the rapid introduction of exogenous plasmids into ***,we constructed a dual-plasmid CRISPR/Cas12a system for genome editing in this bacterium,reaching over 60% repression for most of the chosen genes as well as efficient deletion(>90%)of three target ***,this toolbox was used for the identification of crucial functional genes,involving growth,synthesis of important metabolites,and virulence of *** ATCC *** work has effectively established and optimized genome editing methods in intestinal ***,thereby providing strong support for further basic and application research in this bacterium.

关键词： Gut Clostridium symbiosum Toolbox Gene overexpression Gene deletion Gene regulation

Genome Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum:A Preliminary Observation-Sierra Leone,2022-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第17期6卷 368-373页

作者： Tianyu Wang Haimo Shen Bin Xu Wanxuan Yang Shenbo Chen Junhu Chen National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Centre for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina School of Global health Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center(Hainan Sub-Center Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)Haikou CityHainan ProvinceChina.

What is already known about this topic?Sierra Leone,with a gross domestic product(GDP)per capita below$300 and significant poverty,ranks among the world’s least developed countries(LDCs).Despite its modest population of 8.6 million,the nation reports approximately 2.6 million malaria cases ***,there has been no reporting on the malaria genome data from this *** is added by this report?In this study,we present the first reported wholegenome sequence analysis of 19 high parasite-density Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Sierra Leone,providing insights into the genomic epidemiology of this high-prevalence *** found a high degree of relatedness among infections and substantial genetic diversity,consistent with the gradual reduction in overall case ***,our whole-genome analysis revealed that,beyond drug-resistance genes,gene families related to blood cell invasion,immune evasion,and others are undergoing directional *** suggests that the population in Sierra Leone has developed a relatively strong acquired *** are the implications for public health practice?The genomic data not only facilitate the creation of single nucleotide polymorphism barcodes for case tracking but also enable the analysis of evolving transmission dynamics and selection ***,the samples from Sierra Leone exhibited higher selective pressures on resistance genes compared to those from Asia,a trend not commonly observed in other African *** suggests that less stringent healthcare systems and inconsistent treatment strategies can subject parasites to increased drug pressure,thereby accelerating the development of resistant strains.

关键词： epidemiology invasion Observation

Neighborhood garden's age shapes phyllosphere microbiota associated with respiratory diseases in cold seasons

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第2期18卷 114-123页

作者： Chang Zhao Xinxin Liu Haoxin Tan Shan Yin Lantian Su Baoming Du Muhammad Khalid Aki Sinkkonen Nan Hui School of agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan Rd.200240ShanghaiChina shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station Ministry of Science and TechnologyMinistry of Education800 Dongchuan Rd.200240ShanghaiChina shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station National Forestry and Grassland Administration800 Dongchuan Rd.200240ShanghaiChina Department of Biology College of Science and TechnologyWenzhou-Kean UniversityWenzhouChina Department of Garden Technologies Horticulture TechnologiesNatural Resources Institute FinlandHelsinkiFinland Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiLahtiFinland

Neighborhood gardens serve as sensitive sites for human microbial encounters,with phyllosphere microbes directly impacting our respiratory ***,our understanding remains limited on how factors like season,garden age,and land use shape the risk of respiratory diseases(RDs)tied to these garden *** we examined the microbial communities within the phyllosphere of 72 neighborhood gardens across shanghai,spanning different seasons(warm and cold),garden ages(old and young),and locales(urban and rural).We found a reduced microbial diversity during the cold season,except for Gammaproteobacteria which exhibited an inverse *** land use influenced the microbial composition,urban and rural gardens had strikingly similar microbial ***,young gardens in the cold season hosted a substantial proportion of RDs-associated species,pointing towards increased respiratory inflammation *** essence,while newer gardens during colder periods show a decline in microbial diversity,they have an increased presence of RDs-associated microbes,potentially escalating respiratory disease *** underscores the pivotal role the garden age plays in enhancing both urban microbial diversity and respiratory health.

关键词： Neighborhood gardens Phyllosphere microbial communities Seasonal variation Garden age Respiratory diseases

A review of ^(17)O isotopic labeling techniques for solid-state NMR structural studies of metal oxides in lithium-ion batteries

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第2期4卷 46-53页

作者： Xiaoli Xia Lei Zhu Weiping Tang Luming Peng Junchao Chen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200240China Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin RoadNanjing210023China State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-SourcesShanghai200245China

Recent advances in utilizing ^(17)O isotopic labeling methods for solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)investigations of metal oxides for lithium-ion batteries have yielded extensive insights into their structural and dynamic ***,we commence with a brief introduction to recent research on lithium-ion battery oxide materials studied using ^(17)O solid-state NMR *** we delve into a review of ^(17)O isotopic labeling methods for tagging oxygen sites in both the bulk and surfaces of metal *** last,the unresolved problems and the future research directions for advancing the ^(17)O labeling technique are discussed.

关键词： ^(17)O solid-state NMR ^(17)O isotopic labeling methods Bulk and surfaces of metal oxides DFT calculation

Psychosocial Stress Modifies the Acute Cardiac health Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution

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Environment & health 2024年第1期2卷 11-22页

作者： tongjun Guo Wanzhou Wang Xi Chen Huaqi Guo Kai Wang Yating Ma Hongyan Deng Xianggui Li Anqi Shan Qian Wu Yaoyan Li Hongyu Li Qisijing Liu Juan Chen Yang Lan Jian Lei Furong Deng Zhiwei Sun Xinbiao Guo Shaowei Wu Yan Wang Naijun Tang Department of Occupational and Environmental health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Occupational and Environmental health Tianjin Key Laboratory of EnvironmentNutrition and Public HealthSchool of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Ninth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of Occupational and Environmental health School of Public HealthXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anShaanxi 710049China Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of health Xi’anShaanxi 710049China Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and health Promotion of Shaanxi Province Xi’anShaanxi 710049China Institute of Social Psychology School of Humanities and Social SciencesXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710049China Qinglongqiao Community health Service centre Beijing 100091China Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases(Xi’an jiaotong university) Ministry of EducationXi’an 710061China School of Public health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of HAI Management Tianjin Huanhu HospitalTianjin 300060China Office for National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Research Institute of Public health School of MedicineNankai University300071 TianjinChina Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China The Ninth People’s Hospital of shanghai jiao tong university School of Medicine Shanghai 200011China

Previous studies have shown that exposure to black carbon(BC,a tracer of traffic-related air pollution)and psychosocial stress are both associated with adverse cardiac effects,but whether psychosocial stress could modify the cardiac effects of BC is *** investigate the potential modifying effect of psychosocial stress on the associations between acute exposure to BC and typical cardiac health variables,real-time personal 24 h measurements were conducted in a repeated-measure study among adults with elevated blood pressure(high-risk group)and a panel study among normal adults(low-risk group)in *** cardiac health variables included ST-segment depression events,heart rate,and heart rate variability(HRV)*** Stress Scale,State Anxiety Inventory and Self-rating Depression Scale were used to assess the recent psychosocial stress status of the participants,and a composite stress index was established based on these *** linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the associations between BC exposure and cardiac health variables and potential effect modification by psychosocial stress.A total of 9724 h measurements among 97 participants in the repeated-measure study and 20224 h measurements among 87 participants in the panel study were included in the final *** BC exposure was significantly associated with increased ST-segment depression events and heart rate and decreases in HRV in both *** marginal effects of acute BC exposure on most cardiac health variables generally tended to be amplified under higher vs low levels of psychosocial stress in both studies,with the composite stress index apparently modifying the associations of BC exposure with most ST-segment depression events and HRV *** findings suggest that psychosocial stress may increase the participants’cardiac susceptibility to BC exposure,which could be helpful for the identification of susceptible individuals in the context of traff

关键词： Air pollution Black carbon Cardiac health Effect modification Psychosocial stress

Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture:An emerging semiconductor platform for sunlight-powered water splitting toward hydrogen

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 56-79页

作者： Yixin LI Sharif Md.SADAF Baowen ZHOU Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of the Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China centre Energie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS)-Universitédu Québec1650 Boulevard Lionel-BouletVarennesQuébec J3X1S2Canada

Sunlight-powered water splitting presents a promising strategy for converting intermittent and virtually unlimited solar energy into energy-dense and storable green *** the pioneering discovery by Honda and Fujishima,considerable efforts have been made in this research *** various materials developed,Ga(X)N/Si(X=In,Ge,Mg,etc.)nanoarchitecture has emerged as a disruptive semiconductor platform to split water toward hydrogen by *** paper introduces the characteristics,properties,and growth/synthesis/fabrication methods of Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture,primarily focusing on explaining the suitability as an ideal platform for sunlight-powered water splitting toward green hydrogen *** addition,it exclusively summarizes the recent progress and development of Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water ***,it describes the challenges and prospects of artificial photosynthesis integrated device and system using Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitectures for solar water splitting toward hydrogen.

关键词： Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture artificial photosynthesis water splitting solar toward hydrogen

Cardiovascular risk burden,dementia risk and brain structural imaging markers:a study from UK Biobank

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 94-102页

作者： Yaying Cao Gaohong Zhu Chengwu Feng Jing Chen Wei Gan Yuan Ma Yonghua Hu Klodian Dhana Trudy Voortman Jie Shen Ting Li Yan Zheng Changzheng Yuan Geng Zong Department of Food Nutrition and health School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiangChina CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition Metabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Department of Nuclear Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnanChina Neurology Department Zhongshan Hospital Affliated with Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Medical Research Council Population health Research Unit University of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Genetics Novo Nordisk Research Centre OxfordOxfordUK Harvard university T H Chan School of Public health BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical CenterChicagolinoisUSA Department of Epidemiology rasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands Division of Human Nutrition and health Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands School of Public health the Second Afliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina First Afiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical university KunmingYunnanChina State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School f ife SCciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public health Safety School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina The Key Laboratory of Inteligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejang Province HangzhouZhejiangChina shanghai jiao tong university Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital ShanghaiChina

Background Cardiovascular risk burden is associated with dementia risk and neurodegeneration-related brain structure,while the role of genetics and incident cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains *** To examine the association of overall cardiovascular risk burden with the risk of major dementia subtypes and volumes of related brain regions in a large sample,and to explore the role of genetics and CVD *** A prospective study among 354 654 participants free of CVD and dementia(2006-2010,mean age 56.4 years)was conducted within the UK Biobank,with brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRl)measurement availablefor 15104participants since *** risk burden was evaluated by the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Score(FGCRS).Dementia diagnosis was ascertained from inpatient and death register *** Overamedian 12.0-yearfollow-up,3998 all-cause dementia cases were *** FGCRS was associated with increasedall-cause dementia risk after adjusting for demographic,major lifestyle,clinical factors and the polygenic risk score(PRS)of Alzheimer's *** the high versus low tertile of FGCRS,the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(Cls)were 1.26(1.12 to 1.41)for all-cause dementia,1.67(1.33 to 2.09)for Alzheimer's disease and 1.53(1.07 to 2.16)for vascular dementia(all p_(treng)<0.05).Incident stroke and coronary heart disease accounted for 14%(95%Cl:9% to 21%)of the association between FGCRS and all-cause *** were not detected for FGCRS and PRS on the risk of any dementia *** observed an 83%(95%Cl:47%to 128%)higher all-cause dementia risk comparing the high-high versus low-low FGCRS-PRS *** brain volumes,higher FGCRS was associated with greater log-transformed white matter hyperintensities,smaller cortical volume and smaller grey matter *** Our findings suggest that the positive association of cardiovascular risk burden with dementia risk also applies to major dementia subtypes.T

关键词： Cardiovascular diagnosis burden

光驱动Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x)纳米组装体甲烷干重整制合成气

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1400-1409页

作者：李亦昕李景林俞天奇邱亮 Syed M.Najib Hasan 姚琳潘虎 Shamsul Arafin Sharif Md.Sadaf 朱磊周宝文 Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China centre Energie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS)-Universitédu QuébecVarennes J3X 1E4Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Light-driven dry reforming of methane toward syngas presents a proper solution for alleviating climate change and for the sustainable supply of transportation fuels and ***,Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) nanowires supported by silicon wafer are explored as an ideal platform for loading Rh nanoparticles,thus assembling a new nanoarchitecture for this grand *** combination with the remarkable photothermal synergy,the O atoms in Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) can significantly lower the apparent activation energy of dry reforming of methane from 2.96 eV downward to 1.70 *** as-designed Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) NWs nanoarchitecture thus demonstrates a measurable syngas evolution rate of 180.9 mmol g_(cat)^(-1) h^(-1) with a marked selectivity of 96.3% under concentrated light illumination of 6 W cm^(-2).What is more,a high turnover number(TON)of 4182 mol syngas per mole Rh has been realized after six reuse cycles without obvious activity *** correlative 18O isotope labeling experiments,in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)and in-situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterizations,as well as density functional theory calculations reveal that under light illumination,Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) NWs facilitate releasing^(*)CH_(3) and H^(+)from CH_(4) by holes,followed by H_(2) evolution from H^(+)reduction with ***,the O atoms in Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) can directly participate in CO generation by reacting with the ^(*)C species from CH_(4) dehydrogenation and contributes to the coke elimination,in concurrent formation of O *** resultant O vacancies are then replenished by CO_(2),showing an ideal chemical *** work presents a green strategy for syngas production via light-driven dry reforming of methane.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane Photo-thermal catalysis Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x)nanowires