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Integrative taxonomy of the Plain-backed Thrush(Zoothera mollissima)complex(Aves,Turdidae)reveals cryptic species,including a new species

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Chinese Birds 2016年第1期7卷 2-39,1页

作者： Per Alstrom Pamela C.Rasmussen Chao Zhao Jingzi Xu Shashank Dalvi Tianlong Cai Yuyan Guan Ruiying Zhang Mikhail V.Kalyakin Fumin Lei Urban Olsson Department of Animal ecology Evolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Swedish Species Information centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Integrative Biology and MSU Museum Michigan State University Bird Group The Natural History Museum at Tring Cloud Mountain conservation Department of Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary Biology CentreUppsala University Researchers for Wildlife conservation F-21National Centre for Biological Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Zoological Museum of Lomonosov Moscow State University Systematics and Biodiversity Department of Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Gothenburg

Background: The Plain-backed Thrush Zoothera mollissima breeds in the Himalayas and mountains of central China. It was long considered conspecific with the Long-tailed Thrush Zoothera dixoni, until these were shown to be broadly ***: We revise the Z. mollissima–Z. dixoni complex by integrating morphological, acoustic, genetic(two mitochondrial and two nuclear markers), ecological and distributional ***: In earlier field observations, we noted two very different song types of "Plain-backed" Thrush segregated by breeding habitat and elevation. Further integrative analyses congruently identify three groups: an alpine breeder in the Himalayas and Sichuan, China("Alpine Thrush"); a forest breeder in the eastern Himalayas and northwest Yunnan(at least), China("Himalayan Forest Thrush"); and a forest breeder in central Sichuan("Sichuan Forest Thrush"). Alpine and Himalayan Forest Thrushes are broadly sympatric, but segregated by habitat and altitude, and the same is probably true also for Alpine and Sichuan Forest Thrushes. These three groups differ markedly in morphology and songs. In addition, DNA sequence data from three non-breeding specimens from Yunnan indicate that yet another lineage exists("Yunnan Thrush"). However, we find no consistent morphological differences from Alpine Thrush, and its breeding range is unknown. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that all four groups diverged at least a few million years ago, and identify Alpine Thrush and the putative "Yunnan Thrush" as sisters, and the two forest taxa as sisters. Cytochrome b divergences among the four Z. mollissima sensu lato(s.l.) clades are similar to those between any of them and Z. dixoni, and exceed that between the two congeneric outgroup species. We lectotypify the name Oreocincla rostrata Hodgson, 1845 with the Z. mollissima sensu stricto(s.s.) specimen long considered its type. No available name unambiguously pertains to the Himalayan Forest ***: The

关键词： Systematics Morphology Bioacoustics Altitudinal distributions Genetic distances Undescribed taxa Zoothera dixoni Lectotypification Holotype

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Annotated checklist and fisheries interactions of cetaceans in Togo, with evidence of Antarctic minke whale in the Gulf of Guinea

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第1期9卷 1-13页

作者： Gabriel H.SEGNIAGBETO Koen VAN WAEREBEEK Joseph EBOWESSIDJAOU Koffivi KETOH Takouda KKPATCHA Kotchikpa OKOUMASSOU Kossi AHOEDO Department of Zoology and Animal Biology University of LoméLoméTogo Agbo-Zegué Togolese Society for Nature ConservationLoméTogo conservation and Research of West african Aquatic Mammals(COREWAM) c/o Department of Marine and Fisheries SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana Peruvian centre for Cetacean Research LimaPeru Department of Fauna and Hunting Ministry of Environment and Forest ResourcesLoméTogo Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Ministry of AgricultureAnimal Breeding and FisheriesLoméTogo

Based on strandings and captures,9 cetacean species,including 6 odontocetes and 3 mysticetes,are document-ed(photos and specimens)in Togo’s coastal waters(newly-recorded species marked with an asterisk):Antarc-tic minke whale(Balaenoptera bonaerensis*),Bryde’s whale(Balaenoptera brydei or ***),humpback whale(Megaptera novaeangliae),sperm whale(Physeter macrocephalus),pygmy sperm whale(Kogia brevi-ceps*),short-finned pilot whale(Globicephala macrorhynchus*),pantropical spotted dolphin(Stenella attenu-ata*),common bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops truncatus)and common dolphin Delphinus *** anecdotal sight-ing record for killer whale(Orcinus orca)is considered *** lack of Sousa teuszii records in Togo is consistent with its apparent contemporaneous absence in *** *** specimen,entangled in a purse seine set on small pelagics,is a first record for the Gulf of *** occurrence of this Southern Ocean species north of the equator underscores the severe gaps in our understanding of cetacean distribution off west-ern *** majority of artisanal fishermen operating in Togolese coastal waters are of Ghanaian origin and are thought to promote trade and consumption of cetacean *** captures are illegal,enforced with some success in the main fishing centers,covert landings of cetaceans are exceedingly difficult to moni-tor,quantify or *** is expressed about pollution of Togo’s coastal waters with heavy metals due to phosphorite mining and export from the coastal basin near Hahotoéand Kpogamé.

关键词： bycatches capture cetacean bushmeat dolphin Gulf of Guinea stranding whale

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Global prioritisation of renewable nitrogen for biodiversity conservation and food security

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018年第11期28卷 1567-1579页

作者： Eisner ROWAN SEABROOK Leonie MCALPINE Clive University of Cambridge conservation Research Institute centre for Biodiversity and conservation Science UQQLD

The continuing use of petrochemicals in mineral nitrogen （N） production may be affected by supply or cost issues and climate agreements. Without mineral N, a larger area of cropland is required to produce the same amount of food, impacting biodiversity. Alternative N sources include solar and wind to power the Haber-Bosch process, and the organic options such as green manures, marine algae and aquatic azolla. Solar power was the most land-efficient renewable source of N, with using a tenth as much land as wind energy, and at least 100th as much land as organic sources of N. In this paper, we developed a decision tree to locate these different sources of N at a global scale, or the first time taking into account their spatial footprint and the impact on terrestrial biodiversity while avoiding impact on albedo and cropland, based on global resource and impact datasets. This produced relatively few areas suitable for solar power in the western Americas, central southern Africa, eastern Asia and southern Australia, with areas most suited to wind at more extreme latitudes. Only about 2% of existing solar power stations are in very suitable locations. In regions such as coastal north Africa and central Asia where solar power is less accessible due to lack of farm income, green manures could be used, however, due to their very large spatial footprint only a small area of low productivity and low biodiversity was suitable for this option. Europe in particular faces challenges because it has access to a relatively small area which is suitable for solar or wind power. If we are to make informed decisions about the sourcing of alternative N supplies in the future, and our energy supply more generally, a decision-making mechanism is needed to take global considerations into account in regional land-use planning.

关键词： concentrated solar ammonia synthesis biofixation

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Integrated tool for microsatellite isolation and validation from the reference genome and their application in the study of breeding turnover in an endangered avian population

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第5期13卷 553-568页

作者： Xian HOU Pengwei XU Zhenzhen LIN Josephine D’URBAN-JACKSON AndrewDIXON Batbayar BOLD Jiliang XU Xiangjiang ZHAN Key Laboratory of Animal ecology and conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Nature conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina BGI-Tech BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenChina Milner centre for Evolution Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBathUK Emirates Falconers’Club Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Cardiff University-Institute of Zoology Joint Laboratory for Biocomplexity Research BeijingChina Wildlife Science and conservation Center UlaanbaatarMongolia Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina

Accurate individual identification is required to estimate survival rates in avian *** endangered species,non-invasive methods of obtaining individual identification,such as using molted feathers as a source of DNA for microsatellite markers,are preferred because of less disturbance,easy sample preparation and high *** the availability of many avian genomes,a few pipelines isolating genome-wide microsatellites have been published,but it is still a challenge to isolate microsatellites from the reference genome ***,we have developed an integrated tool comprising a bioinformatic pipeline and experimental procedures for microsatellite isolation and validation based on the reference *** have identified over 95000 microsatellite loci and established a system comprising 10 highly polymorphic markers(PIC value:0.49–0.93,mean:0.79)for an endangered species,saker falcon(Falco cherrug).These markers(except 1)were successfully amplified in 126 molted feathers,exhibiting high amplification success rates(83.9–99.7%),high quality index(0.90–0.97)and low allelic dropout rates(1–9.5%).To further assess the efficiency of this marker system in a population study,we identified individual sakers using these molted feathers(adult)and 146 plucked feathers(offspring).The use of parent and offspring samples enabled us to infer the genotype of missing samples(N=28),and all adult genotypes were used to ascertain that breeding turnover is a useful proxy for survival estimation in *** study presents a cost-effective tool for microsatellite isolation based on publicly available reference genomes and demonstrates the power of this tool in estimating key parameters of avian population dynamics.

关键词： breeding turnover Falco cherrug feather microsatellite isolation parentage analysis reference genome saker falcon

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Forest encroachment in Eastern European forest-steppes at a decadal time scale

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Journal of Plant ecology 2024年第5期17卷 205-216页

作者： LászlóErdős GáborÓnodi Csaba Tölgyesi György Kröel-Dulay Zoltán Bátori Eszter Aradi Péter Török Khanh Vu Ho Indri Puspitasari LászlóKörmöczi Institute of ecology and Botany HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research2163 VácrátótHungary Department of ecology University of Debrecen4032 DebrecenHungary MTA-SZTE‘Momentum’Applied ecology Research Group University of Szeged6726 SzegedHungary Department of ecology University of Szeged6726 SzegedHungary Kiskunság National Park Directorate 6000 KecskemétHungary HUN-REN-DE Functional and Restoration ecology Research Group 4032 DebrecenHungary Botanical Garden–Center for Biological Diversity conservation in Powsin Polish Academy of Sciences02-973 WarszawaPoland Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences University of Szeged6720 SzegedHungary Faculty of Natural Resources-Environment Kien Giang University91706 Kien GiangVietnam

In the Eurasian forest-steppe,with increasing aridity,the balance between naturally co-existing forest and grassland patches is expected to shift towards grassland dominance in the long run,although feedback mechanisms and changes in land-use may alter this *** this study,we compared old and recent aerial photographs of Hungarian forest-steppes to find out whether and how the forest proportion and the number of forest patches change at the decadal time *** percentage area covered by forest significantly increased in all study *** observed forest encroachment may be a legacy from earlier land-use:due to ceased or reduced grazing pressure,forests are invading grasslands until the potential forest cover allowed by climate and soil is *** number of forest patches significantly increased at one site(Fülöpháza),while it decreased at two sites(Bugac and Orgovány)and showed no significant change at the fourth site(Tázlár).This indicates that forest encroachment can happen at least in two different ways:through the emergence of new forest patches in the grassland,and through the extension and coalescence of already existing forest *** the present work revealed increasing tree cover at a decadal time scale,the dynamic process should be monitored in the future to see how the vegetation reacts to further *** could help devise a conservation strategy,as the woody/non-woody balance has a profound influence on basic ecosystem properties.

关键词： forest-grassland dynamics grazing semi-open ecosystems tree-grass ecosystems woody-herbaceous ecosystems

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A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton(Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae) from Eastern Himalaya

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第4期6卷 245-256页

作者： Janak Raj KHATIWADA Bin WANG Subarna GHIMIRE Karthikeyan VASUDEVAN Shanta PAUDEL Jianping JIANG Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Tribhuvan University Central Department of Zoology CSIR-centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species Himalayan Research and conservation Nepal

A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described from eastern Himalaya based on molecular and morphological comparisons. The new species is diagnosable from the closely-related species by having light brown colouration in dorsal region in life, flat and blunt snout, greatly separated dorsolateral bony ridges on head and straightthick tailfin. In addition to head morphology, the new species is also morphologically distinguishable from its closelyrelated species Tylototriton shanorum by having 16 dorsal warts and average smaller Snout Vent Length（SVL）.

关键词： Tylototriton himalayanus sp. nov. eastern Himalaya morphology molecular phylogeny taxonomy

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Comparative morphological study of female internal reproductive system among nine species in the genus Tipula(Diptera: Tipulidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2020年第2期45卷 135-145页

作者： Qiulei Men Pavel Starkevich Sigitas Podenas School of Life Sciences Provincial Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest AnhuiAnqing Normal UniversityAnqingAnhui 246011P.R.China Nature Research centre Akademijos str.2LT-08412 VilniusLithuania

Female internal reproductive systems of nine species in the genus Tipula are described and illustrated,namely T.(Beringotipula)amurensis Alexander,1925,T.(Lunatipula)lunata Linnaeus,1758,T.(Lunatipula)submanca Savchenko,1964,T.(Pterelachisus)biaciculifera Alexander,1937,T.(Sivatipula)parvauricula Alexander,1941,T.(Vestiplex)longitudinalis Nielsen,1929,T.(Vestiplex)sternotuberculata Alexander,1935,T.(Yamatotipula)couckei Tonnoir,1921 and T.(Yamatotipula)marginella Theowald,*** morphological differences of internal reproductive organs for these species are ***,taxonomic potential of some internal reproductive structures are analyzed and discussed.

关键词： Tipula bursa copulatrix spermatheca accessory gland anatomical study

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River width and depth as key factors of diurnal activity energy expenditure allocation for wintering Spot-billed Ducks in the Xin'an River Basin

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 116-122页

作者： Chao Yu Xuying Lu Deli Sun Mengnan Chu Xueyun Li Qun Li College of Life and Environmental Sciences Huangshan UniversityHuangshan245021China Environment conservation Research centre of Xin’an River Basin Huangshan UniversityHuangshan 245021China Department of Resources conservation Southern Anhui National Wildlife Rescue CenterXiuning 245400China

Rivers are important habitats for wintering ***,they are easily influenced by natural and human *** important approach for waterbirds to adapt to habitats is adjusting the activity time and energy expenditure allocation of diurnal *** compensatory foraging hypothesis predicts that increased energy expenditure leads to longer foraging time,which in turn increases food intake and helps maintain a constant energy ***,it is unclear whether human-disturbed habitats result in increased energy expenditure related to safety or *** this study,the scan sample method was used to observe the diurnal behavior of the wintering Spot-billed Duck(Anas poecilorhyncha) in two rivers in the Xin’an River Basin from October 2021 to March *** allocation of time and energy expenditure for activity in both normal and disturbed environments was *** results showed that foraging accounted for the highest percentage of time and energy ***,foraging decreased in the disturbed environment than that in the normal *** behavior showed the opposite trend,while other behaviors were similar in both *** total diurnal energy expenditure of ducks in the disturbed environment was greater than that in the normal environment,with decreased foraging and resting time percentage and increased behaviors related to immediate safety(swimming and alert) and *** results oppose the compensatory foraging hypothesis in favor of increased *** optimal diurnal energy expenditure model included river width and water depth,which had a positive relationship;an increase in either of these two factors resulted in an increase in energy *** study provides a better understanding of energy allocation strategies underlying the superficial time allocation of wintering waterbirds according to environmental *** these changes can help understand the maximum fitness of wi

关键词： Diurnal behavior activities River factors Time and energy expenditure allocation Wintering Spot-billed Duck Xin’an River Basin

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Litter quality and decomposer complexity co-drive effect of drought on decomposition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 329-338页

作者： Shumei Wang Junwei Luan Siyu Li Jinhao Ma Lin Chen Yi Wang Shirong Liu Sanya Research Base International Centre for Bamboo and RattanSanya572022China Institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationInternational Centre for Bamboo and RattanBeijing100102China Key Laboratory of Forest ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryPingxiang532600China Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu610041China

Litter decomposition is key to ecosystem carbon(C)and nutrient cycling,but this process is anticipated to weaken due to projected more extensive and prolonged *** how litter quality and decomposer community complexity regulate decomposition in response to drought is less ***,in a five-year manipulative drought experiment in a Masson pine forest,leaf litter from four subtropical tree species(Quercus griffthii Hook.f.&Thomson ex Miq.,Acacia mangium Willd.,Pinus massoniana Lamb.,Castanopsis hystrix Miq.)representing different qualities was decomposed for 350 d in litterbags of three different mesh sizes(i.e.,0.05,1,and 5 mm),respectively,under natural conditions and a 50%throughfall rain exclusion *** of increasing mesh sizes discriminate decomposer communities(i.e.,microorganisms,microorganisms and mesofauna,microorganisms and meso-and macrofauna)that access the litter and represent an increasing *** amount of litter C and nitrogen(N)loss,and changes in their ratio(C/N_(loss)),as well as small and medium-sized decomposers including microorganisms,nematodes,and arthropods,were *** found that drought did not affect C and N loss but decreased C/N_(loss)(i.e.,decomposer N use efficiency)of leaf litter irrespective of litter quality and decomposer ***,changes in the C/N_(loss)and the drought effect on C loss were both dependent on litter quality,while drought and decomposer complexity interactively affected litter C and N *** decomposer community complexity enhanced litter decomposition and allowing additional access of meso-and macro-fauna to litterbags mitigated the negative drought effect on the microbial-driven ***,both the increased diversity and altered trophic structure of nematode due to drought contributed to the mitigation effects via cascading *** results show that litter quality and soil decomposer community complexity co-drive the effect of

关键词： Arthropod Drought Decomposer community Nutrient cycling Nematode

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Intensified cropping reduces soil erosion and improves rainfall partitioning and soil properties in the marginal land of the Indian Himalayas

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2024年第3期12卷 521-533页

作者： Devideen Yadav Deepak Singh Subhash Babu Madhu Madegowda Dharamvir Singh Debashis Mandal Avinash Chandra Rathore Vinod Kumar Sharma Vibha Singhal Anita Kumawat Dinesh Kumar Yadav Rajendra Kumar Yadav Surender Kumar ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water conservation DehradunUttarakhand248195India Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi110012India ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water conservation Research CentreKotaRajasthan324002India ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science BhopalMadhya Pradesh462038India Agriculture University KotaRajasthan324001India ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water conservation Research CentreKoraputOdisha763002India

Environmental crises,land degradation,declining factor productivity,and farm profitability questioned the sustainability of linear economy-based existing agricultural production ***,there is a dire need to design and develop circular economy-based production systems to meet the twin objectives of environmental sustainability and food ***,the productive capacity,natural resource conserving ability,and biomass recycling potential of four intensified maize-based systems ***(Zea mays)+sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas)-wheat,maize+colocasia(Colocasia esculenta)-wheat,maize+turmeric(Curcuma longa),and maize+ginger(Zingiber officinale)were tested consecutively for three years(2020,2021 and 22)in a fixed plot manner at Dehradun region of the Indian Himalaya against the existing maize-wheat *** result showed that the maize+sweet potato-wheat system significantly reduced runoff loss(166.3 mm)over the maize-wheat *** highest through fall(68.12%)and the lowest stem flow(23.54%)were recorded with sole *** the contrary,the maize+sweet potato system has the highest stem flow(36.15%)and the lowest through ***,the maize+sweet potato system had 5.6 times lesser soil erosion and 0.77 t ha^(-1)higher maize pro-ductivity over the maize-wheat ***,the maize+sweet potato system recorded significantly higher soil moisture(19.3%),infiltration rate(0.95 cm h^(-1)),and organic carbon(0.78%)over the rest of the *** maize+sweet potato system also recycled the highest nitrogen(299.2 kg ha^(-1)),phosphorus,(31.0 kg ha^(-1)),and potassium(276.2 kg ha^(-1))into the soil ***,it can be inferred that concurrent cultivation of sweet potato,with maize,is a soil-supportive,resource-conserving,and productive production model and can be recommended for achieving the circular economy targets in the Indian Himalayas.

关键词： Crop productivity Erosion Infiltration Runoff Soil sedimentation

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