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Hand-feel soil texture observations to evaluate the accuracy of digital soil maps for local prediction of soil particle size distribution:A case study in Central France

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Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 731-743页

作者： Anne C.RICHER-de-FORGES Dominique ARROUAYS Laura POGGIO Songchao CHEN Marine LACOSTE Budiman MINASNY Zamir LIBOHOVA Pierre ROUDIER Vera LMULdeR HervéNÉDÉLEC Guillaume MARTELET Blandine LEMERCIER Philippe LAGACHERIE Hocine BOURENNANE INRAE(Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture l'alimentation et l'environnement)Info&Sols UnitOrléans 45075France ISRIC(International Soil Reference and Information centre)Wageningen P.O.Box 353Wageningen 6700The Netherlands Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311200China The University of Sydney Sydney Institute of Agriculture.Eveleigh NSW 2015Australia The University of Sydney School of Life and Environmental SciencesEveleigh NSW 2015Australia USDA-ARS(United States department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service) Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center6883 S.State Hwy.23Booneville AR 72927USA Landcare Research-Manaaki Whenua Palmerston North 4442New Zealand Soil Geography and Landscape Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningen 6700The Netherlands Chambre d'Agriculture du Loiret Orléans F-45000France Bureau de recherches Géologiques et Minières BP 36009Orléans cedex 2Orléans 45060France UMR SAS(UnitéMixte de Recherche"Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation")Institut Agro INRAERennes F-35000France UMR LISAH(UnitéMixte de Recherche"Laboratoire d'Etude des Interactions entre Sol-Agrosystème-Hydrosystème") INRAEInstitut AgroIRD(Institut de Recherche pour le Développement)Montpellier F-34000France

Digital maps of soil properties are now widely ***-users now can access several digital soil mapping(DSM)products of soil properties,produced using different models,calibration/training data,and covariates at various spatial scales from global to ***,there is an urgent need to provide easy-to-understand tools to communicate map uncertainty and help end-users assess the reliability of DSM products for use at local *** this study,we used a large amount of hand-feel soil texture(HFST)data to assess the performance of various published DSM products on the prediction of soil particle size distribution in Central *** tested four DSM products for soil texture prediction developed at various scales(global,continental,national,and regional)by comparing their predictions with approximately 3200 HFST observations realized on a 1:50000 soil survey conducted after release of these DSM *** used both visual comparisons and quantitative indicators to match the DSM predictions and HFST *** comparison between the low-cost HFST observations and DSM predictions clearly showed the applicability of various DSM products,with the prediction accuracy increasing from global to regional *** simple evaluation can determine which products can be used at the local scale and if more accurate DSM products are required.

关键词： digital soil mapping products easy-to-understand tool hand-feel observation local use map uncertainty prediction performance spatial extent visual assessment

Petrographic and Geochemical Characterization of Mayedo and Kinzoki Ranges (Sumbi Bauxite Region, Kongo Central/DR Congo)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第7期11卷 98-117页

作者： derick Ungu Ramazani Ivon Ndala Tshiwisa Charles Mpiana Kenababo Albert Ongendangenda Tienge Valentin Kanda Nkula Esperit Mwanakangu Hope Nathan Bamba Nkwansambu Don Luemba Vimbi Dominique Wetshondo Osomba Geo-Hydro-Energy Research Group Geosciences Department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Geosciences department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Gestion des Ressources Minérales et Pétrolières Université de Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Laboratoire de Géologie des Argiles Mention Géosciences Faculté des Sciences et Technologies Université de Kinshasa Kinshasa République Démocratique du Congo centre de recherches Géologiques et Minières (CRGM) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

The bauxitic region of Sumbi and its surroundings in Central Kongo (DR Congo) is located in an area corresponding to “bands” of basic rocks made up of microdolerites, basalts and andesites. The problem of this study is linked to the similarity of the phenomena that generated the depositional process of these ferruginous and aluminous formations. The aim of this article is to carry out a chemical and petrographic study of samples of bauxitic materials from the Mayedo and Kinzoki regions, with a view to their possible recovery. To this end, the chemical and petrographic analysis of the weathering formations outcropping in the study area was carried out using X-ray fluorescence and thin section methods. The latter revealed that two lithologies were detected in the healthy rocks: basalts with a mineralogical assemblage of plagioclase crystals, pyroxene microcrystals and oxide opaques;and dolerites represented by plagioclase crystals, pyroxenes and a few quartz crystals. X-ray fluorescence revealed high levels of Al2O3 (32.69%) in the Mayedo zone (MHb1). This visibly gibbsite-rich level corresponds to the zone of friable, homogeneous bauxite with a massive, blood-red texture, with an estimated gibbsite percentage of 55.50. The percentage of Fe2O3 is high in these zones at 42.77%, hence the dark red colour, reflecting a strong zone of ferruginasation. This horizon contains a high concentration of hematite and goethite minerals. Highly variable SiO2 contents ranging from 13.48% to 40.82%. These variations are essentially due to the dissolution of silica by leaching and resilification.

关键词： Bauxite Ferruginasation X-Ray Fluorescence Thin Film Mayedo Kinzoki Valorisation

Primary Characterization of a Novel Soymilk-Cashew Fermented with an Improving of Its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Contents

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第5期14卷 421-435页

作者： Assamoi A. Antoine Atobla Koua Ouattara H. Djeneba Gnagnini Tokro Ruth D’Avila Unité Pédagogique et de recherches en Biotechnologies Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agriculture et Valorisation des Ressources Biologiques UFR Biosciences Université Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Faculté des Sciences Biologiques Université Félix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&#246te d’Ivoire

Cashew nut (Anacardium occidental) milk was included as a functional ingredient in soybean (Glycine max L.) milk at 20/80% and was fermented comparatively to commercial yogurt starters by two strains TC6 and A4 (recently isolated from two Ivorian highly flavored neglected traditional staple foods (beer and garlic)) identified as Weissella paramesenteroides and Enterococcus faecalis, after the screening of their probiotic, antioxydant and anti-inflammatory potentialities, respectively. The primary characterization of these plant-milks showed a strong improvement in their sensory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. While TC6 from traditional beer Tchapalo increases anti-inflammatory activity by almost eighteen times, A4 isolated from garlic increases antioxidant activity by two times. Due to their aromatic and organosensory potentialities certainly, milks L138, L180 and 130 fermented respectively by the combination of TC6 and A4, TC4 alone and A4 alone were the most appreciated than the plant-milk fermented by the two strains of commercial yogurt. These probiotics, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory plant-milks should be further characterized in terms of their biological activities and tested in animal models to confirm their nutrition-health claims.

关键词： Probiotic Staple Food Soy-Milk Anti-Oxydant Anti-Inflammatory

Assessing the Effects of Land Use/Land Cover Change on Groundwater Recharge in a Sudano-Sahelian Zone: Case of Koda Catchment, Mali, West Africa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第8期10卷 39-54页

作者： Oumou Diancoumba Adama Toure Ibrahima Daou Seriba Konare Taoufik Hermassi Mohamed Kotti Hamadoun Bokar Nourredine Galoul Zoubeida Bargaoui Ecole Normale Supérieure de Bamako (ENSup) Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (DER-SVT) Bamako Mali Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs Abderrahmane Baba Touré (ENI-ABT) Bamako Mali Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée de Katibougou (IPR/IFRA de Katibougou) Koulikoro Mali Institut National des recherches en Génie Rural Eau et Forêts (I.N.R.G.R.E.F) Tunis Tunisie Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Tunis ENIT Tunis Tunisie

Groundwater is the main source of water in the studied area;therefore, it is significantly requested in all the activities of the inhabitants. These natural resources are affected by some drivers especially Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Climate Change. A Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) dynamics study is crucial for any global environmental change evaluation. For instance, for a given place, its change could affect considerably water cycle components. Therefore, the knowledge of the effects of LULC on groundwater recharge is then the key in water resources management system, in particular for the decision makers of the Koda Catchment where the scarcity of the water availability for agriculture is real. The spatiotemporal variation of the different units of LULC present in the catchment has been examined in this study. The Envi 4.5 Software coupled with ArcGIS using the Supervised Classification method, was applied to subset Landsat images from 1990 to 2016. Five (5) major LULC categories, cultivated land, bare land, herbaceous savannah, shrubby savannah and degraded savannah, were identified in the catchment. In a parallel direction, the groundwater recharge has been estimated through the conceptual Gardenia model for the same period 1990-2016. The results showed that the portion of cultivated land and bare land increased (14.9% and 23.5% respectively) while, the portion of savannah decreased: herbaceous savannah by 24.4%, degraded savannah by 10.32% and Shrubby Savannah by 3.6%. Savannah areas in Koda catchment is converted to agricultural land and urban area due to human activities. The decline of 8.4% in groundwater recharge might become so far obvious in the future if the current rate of deforestation continues in the Koda catchment. There is a need to closely monitor the changes in LULC for sustainable development. The results of this study could help to well understand the recharge pattern across Koda catchment under a changing LULC.

关键词： LULC Change Groundwater Recharge Gardenia Model GIS Koda Catchment Mali

Overall Thermodynamic Model of an Ultra Micro Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第4期13卷 297-301页

作者： Yves RIBAUD ONERA deFA 29 Avenue de la Division Leclerc 92 CHATILLON France

The overall thermodynamic model of an ultra micro turbine engine has been established and applied in different situations in this tiny engine where heat transfer is dominant. The aerothermal conditions of the flow were calculated and analyzed. A corresponding calculation software (hot button software) was developed. The first results show that the non-adiabatic operation of the turbomachines leads to a strong penalty in performances. The dramatic influence of the compressor and turbine efficiency is confirmed in a non-adiabatic operation. A better knowledge of heat transfer coefficients at low Reynolds numbers in different components of the micro turbine has to be obtained to refine the results of this study.

关键词： micro energy micro engines micro turbine micro propulsion micro turbine thermodynamic model MEMS

哈尔满和去甲基哈尔满对大鼠肝微粒体代谢...

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中华预防医学杂志 1992年第4期26卷 209-212页

作者：林东昕 Frays.,C 350004，福州市，福建医学院营养与食品卫生学教研室 Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le Cancer-UPR 278 BP No 8-F94802 Villejuif Cedex France

哈尔满和去甲基哈尔满存在于一些食物,可经氨基酸热解生成的β-咔啉衍生物。我们研究了它们对苯巴比妥和3-甲基胆蒽诱导的大鼠肝微粒体代谢黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和氨基比林的影响。这两种化合物能显著抑制AFB1被代谢成羟基化衍生物AFM1。... 详细信息

哈尔满和去甲基哈尔满存在于一些食物,可经氨基酸热解生成的β-咔啉衍生物。我们研究了它们对苯巴比妥和3-甲基胆蒽诱导的大鼠肝微粒体代谢黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和氨基比林的影响。这两种化合物能显著抑制AFB1被代谢成羟基化衍生物AFM1。但只有去甲基哈尔满具有抑制氨基比林N-脱甲基化作用。这两种物质均能抑制大鼠肝微粒体介导的AFB1与DNA的结合。

关键词：喻尔满去甲基哈尔满微粒体肝

Temporal Microbial Response to Wetting-Drying Cycles in Soils within and Outside the Influence of a Shrub in the Sahel

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2019年第12期9卷 284-297页

作者： Sally Diatta Sidy Diakhaté Hassna Founoune-Mboup Charlotte J. Alster Diégane Diouf Richard P. Dick Lydie Chapuis-Lardy Laurent Cournac Ndeye Yacine Badiane-Ndour ISRA_LNRPV Laboratoire National de Recherches sur les productions Végétales (LNRPV) Dakar Senegal Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Département Biologie Végétale Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD Dakar Senegal IRD LMI IESOL Centre IRD-ISRA Dakar Senegal department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Irvine CA USA School of Environment and Natural Resources Ohio State University Columbus OH USA IRD Institut de Recherche pour le Développement UMR Eco & Sols Montpellier France

Piliostigma reticulatum is a native woody shrub found in cropped fields in the Sahel and has been shown to increase crop productivity and soil quality. Frequently occurring drying and rewetting cycles (DRW) may alter the soil quality beneath these shrubs. We investigated the effect of DRW cycles on microbial community in soil beneath and outside the P. reticulatum canopy and the roles of this shrub in the adaptation of the microbial community to abiotic stress. Soils were incubated in a climate controlled chamber for 45 days, after exposure to 10 consecutive days of DRW cycles at 75% of water holding capacity (WHC). Basal respiration, β-glucosidase activity, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and available nitrogen (;) were measured at 2, 30, and 45 days after soil exposed to the DRW cycles. MBC increased significantly two days after the DRW cycles and was greater for soil beneath the shrub canopy compared with soil outside the shrub canopy. PCA analysis based on basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon, available nitrogen, and β-Glucosidase activity resulted in a tight clustering in the beneath shrub soil samples. Soils incubated for more than 30 days after DRW cycles had higher available nitrogen content than soils incubated for less than 30 days. Soil from beneath the shrub canopy significantly improved soil resilience based on β-glucosidase activity. Soil from beneath the shrub canopy also had higher nutrient levels and greater microbial activity even when subjected to DRW cycles, potentially improving the ability of crops to withstand in-season drought when they are adjacent to shrubs. The work should bring our scientific community into a more comprehensive assessment of potential effects of a crop-shrub intercropping that may allow for increased crop yields in semi-arid ecosystems under drought conditions.

关键词： Sub-Saharan Africa Shrub-Based Cropping System Climate Change Wetting and Drying Cycles Climate Chamber Experiment

Contribution to the Characterization of Carbonate Rocks of the Nganzi Oil Exploration Block (Onshore of the DR Congo Coastal Basin)

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2022年第3期7卷 149-165页

作者： Dominique Wetshondo Osomba Patrick Lokata Ediho Shams Mbundi Diambu Bruno deko Oyema Benjamin Safari Kachunga Jean Ondontshia Nkoyi Link Bukasa Muamba Joël Kabesa Kilungu department of Geoscience Faculty of Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Genie des Ressources Manières et Pétroliéres (GeReMiPe) Research Center University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo department of Exploration and Production Faculty of Oil Gas and Renewable Energies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo centre de recherches Géologiques et Miniéres (CRGM) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

The carbonate lithofacies of the Nganzi Exploratory Block located in the Lukula Territory in the Central Kongo Province were described in the field, sampled and subjected to microscopic, mineralogical, physico-chemical and petrophysical analyses. The aim is to increase the probability of discovery of deposits following the drilling of exploration wells in the most appropriate structures. These carbonates, limestones (white, greyish and greenish) and dolomites (massive and platelets) are presented in packstone, grainstone and wackestone textures. In addition to the essential minerals of these rocks, calcite and dolomite, we find quartz, plagioclase and kaolinite. With a porosity between 11% and 19% and a permeability of 138 to 155 mD, the Nganzi carbonates, which contain up to 23% oil, constitute good oil reservoirs. The characterization of the detrital facies and the acquisition of a seismic survey of the wells is essential to have a more detailed knowledge of the oil resources of the Nganzi Block.

关键词： Nganzi Block Limestone Dolomite Petrophysics Texture Surface Shows

Pellet Injectors developed at the Pelin Laboratory for Steady-State Plasma Fuelling

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第3期6卷 2286-2290页

作者： I.Vinyar A.Geraud H.Yamada R.Sakamoto Y.Oda A.Lukin A.Umov S.Skoblikov G.Gros G.Saksaganskii P.Reznichenko I.Krasilnikov V.Panchenko PELIN Laboratory Ltd. 2 Admiral Makarov St. Moscow 125212 Russia Association Euratom-CEA Departement de Recherches sur la Fusion Controllee CEA/Cadarache 13108 St Paul Lez Durance France National Institute for Fusion Science 322-6 Oroshi-cho Toki-shi 509-5292 Japan Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. 1-1 Wadasaki-cho 1-Chome Hyogo-ku Kobe-shi 652-8585 Japan D. V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus St. Petersburg 196641 Russia

Pneumatic and centrifugal injectors for steady-state plasma refuelling bysolid hydrogen, deuterium and tritium pellets have been designed at the PELIN Laboratory to meetrequirements of LHD, TORE SUPRA, and ITER. Prese... 详细信息

关键词： pellet plasma fuelling