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Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 730-732页

作者： Carine Tchibozo Gildas Hounkanrin Anges Yadouleton Alexandra Bialonski Eric Agboli Renke Luhken Jonas Schmidt‑Chanasit Hanna Jost Laboratory of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers and Arboviruses of Benin 01BP 918CotonouBenin centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou 01BP 918CotonouBenin Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou National Universityof ScienceTechnologyEngineering and MathematicsAbomeyBenin Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine WHO Collaborating Centrefor Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research20359 Ham‑burgGermany University of Health and Allied Sciences PMB 31HoGhana Faculty of Mathematics Informatics and Natural SciencesUniversitat Hamburg22609 HamburgGermany

dear Editor,dengue virus(deNV,family Flaviviridae,genus Flavivirus)serotypes 1 to 4(deNV-1,-2,-3,and-4)are responsible for more than 100 million infections per year *** of deNV infection can be diverse,reaching from a... 详细信息

关键词： dengue virus Arbovirus Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti Benin

Improving the Use of Insecticide-Treated Nets among Children under Five Years Old in Benin, West Africa

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 137-158页

作者： Emmanuel Houessou Tatchémè Filémon Tokponnon centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou Cotonou République du Bénin Ministère de la Santé Cotonou République du Bénin Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi République du Bénin

Background: In Benin, malaria represents the first cause of consultation and hospitalization (48% for children under 5 years old) in health units. It also accounts for 23.1% of deaths recorded in health facilities (MoH, 2019). Between the two main components of vector control adopted by Benin government, the mass distribution campaigns of Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) remained the only proven cost-effective way to rapidly achieve high and equitable coverage (WHO, 2017). After the fourth mass distribution campaign conducted in 2017, the demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data indicated that the percentage of children who slept under an ITN has increased from 20% in 2006 to 70% in 2011-2012 and to 76% in 2017-2018 while the incidence of malaria (tested positive) is increasing rapidly among children under 5 years old, growing from 36.5% in 2009 to 28.8% in 2012 and then to 51.4% in 2019. This study aims to understand this contrast by identifying the origin of the increase in ITN use over time among children under five years old and the factors which determine this use. Methods: Data from the demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in Benin respectively in 2006 and in 20018 were used during the analysis, which covered 13,445 children under five years old from 2006 DHS and 12,255 children from 2017-2018 DHS. Firstly, the data were analyzed using decomposition method to highlight the origin of the increase of ITN use over time among children under five years old. Secondly, the chi-square test analysis estimated the association between ITN use and some characteristics (wealth index, maternal or caregiver education level and child age). Finally, the logistic regression model was used to identify the main factors, which influence the net use over the study period. Results: This study shows that the improvement of basic conditions is the main origin of behavior change in the use of ITNs among children under five years old. This improvement of the basic conditions con

关键词： Malaria Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net (LLIN) Child under 5 Years Old Health Policy Benin

Evaluation at the Level of Health Facilities, of the Protective Efficacy of LLINs in Children under 5 Years Old from Localities of Low and High Resistance of Vectors to Pyrethroid Insecticides in Benin in West Africa

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 57-73页

作者： Tokponnon Tatchémè Filémon Ossè Razaki Arthur Sovi Wakpo Abel Hounto Ogouyémi Aurore Sissinto Yolande Adechoubou Alioun Houansou Télesphore Oke Mariam Kinde-Gazard Dorothée Massougbodji Achille Akogbeto Martin centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou (CREC) Cotonou Benin Ministry of Health Cotonou Benin centre Béninois de le recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation Cotonou Benin Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Ecole de Gestion et d’exploitation des systèmes d’élevage Université Nationale d’Agriculture Kétou Benin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin National Malaria Control Programme Cotonou Benin World Health Organization Cotonou Benin

Context: The resistance to pyrethroids in malaria vectors continues to grow in Africa and could therefore compromise or reduce substantially the effectiveness of LLINs in preventing malaria. It is therefore of paramount importance to evaluate the protective efficacy of LLINs in children sleeping in areas of vector resistance to insecticides in order to draw lessons for future interventions. This study assesses the effect of the use of LLINs on malaria morbidity in clusters of low and high resistance of vectors to pyrethroids. Methods: This is a cross-sectional case-control study with one control for one case that was conducted in the communes of Kétou, Ifangni, Kétou, and Pobè in the Plateau department of southern Benin. The use of LLINs and malaria morbidity was measured and compared in children from clusters of low and high vector resistance to insecticides. In each commune, 30 cases and 30 controls were recruited for a total of 240 children under 5 years of age from villages with low and high insecticide resistance. Results: According to the localities of origin of the children, of all parents of children surveyed, 169 (70.4%) asserted the children slept under an LLIN the day before they arrived at the health center. This rate represents 70.8% (85 children) among the cases and 70.0% (84 children) among the controls without significant difference (p = 0.8). The use of LLINs the day before the survey, the frequency of their use during the two weeks preceding the day of the survey, their availability at the household level, the use of other tools for protection against mosquito bites are the same in the two groups of children (cases and controls) (p > 0.05) as well in low and high resistance villages. On the other hand, the parasite prevalence, the splenomegaly and the geometric means of the parasite densities, are significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (p Conclusion: The evaluation of epidemiological indicators in children under five years old at th

关键词： Case-Controls LLINs Malaria Morbidity Pyrethroids Resistance Benin

Evaluation of the Anti-Salivary IgG Response Specific to Anopheles Vectors of Malaria in Children under Five Seen in Health Care Settings in Areas of Low and High Insecticide Resistance in Southern Benin

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 269-282页

作者： Tokponnon T. Filémon Ossè Razaki Noukpo Herbert Legba Thibaut Koukpo Zinsou Come Oke Mariam Fassinou Arsène Akakpo Evelyne Fassinou Hector Padonou Gil Germain Remoue Franck Kinde-Gazard Dorothée Akogbeto Martin Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou (CREC) Cotonou Benin Ministry of Health Cotonou Benin centre Béninois de la recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation (CBRSI) Cotonou Bénin Ecole de Gestion et d’Exploitation des Systèmes d’Elevage Université Nationale d’Agriculture Kétou Benin National Malaria Control Programme Cotonou Benin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Montpellier France

The widespread use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) is a major intervention method for malaria control. While coverage of LLINs has increased, there is a need for information on the operational effectiveness of nets deployed in the field in the context of malaria vector resistance to insecticides used for impregnation. The development of specific anti-malarial biomarkers to assess exposure to mosquito bites is an important development in evaluations. The aim of this study was to characterize the human IgG antibody response to Anopheles gSG6-P1 saliva, a salivary peptide antigen previously shown to be a relevant biomarker of human exposure to Anopheles bites, in order to assess the LLINs under field conditions in areas of low and high vector resistance to insecticides. We analyzed data from 240 randomly selected children ( 0.05). Furthermore, the same finding was observed for antibody expression in children whether or not they used LLINs on the day before the survey (p = 0.7724). Similarly, gender and especially age, major factors of variation in the adaptive immune response, did not have a significant effect on IgG expression.

关键词： Case-Controls LLINs Malaria Morbidity Pyrethroids Resistance Antibodies Bite Exposure Biomarkers Benin

Evidence of increasing L1014F kdr mutation frequency in Anopheles gambiae *** resistant following a nationwide distribution of LLINs by the Beninese National Malaria Control Programme

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第3期4卷 239-243页

作者： Nazairc Azoun Rock Akpon Martin Akogbéto centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou(CREC) 06 BP 2604CotonouBenin Faculte des Sciences et Techniques Universite d'Abomey CalaviCalaviBenin

Objective:To determine the susceptibility status to pyrethroid in Anopheles gambiae s.l.(***),the distribution of kdr"Leu-Phe"mutation in malaria vectors in Benin and to compare the current frequency of kdr"Leu-Phe"mutation to the previous frequency after long-lasting insecticide treated nets ***:Larvae and pupae of *** *** were collected from the breeding sites in Littoral,*** and Alibori *** susceptibility tests were conducted on unfed females mosquitoes aged 2-5 d *** mosquitoes were identified to species using PCR *** assays were also carried out to identify kdr mutations in individual ***:The results showed that *** Malanville and Suru-lere populations were resistant to *** *** Parakou and Bohicon populations,they were resistant to *** revealed 100%of mosquitoes tested were *** *** L1014F kdr mutation was found in *** *** and Parakou at various allelic *** increase of kdr allelic frequency was positively correlated with CDC bioassays ***:Pyrethroid resistance is widespread in malaria vector in Benin and kdr mutation is the main resistance mechanism *** attention may be paid for the future success of malaria control programmes based on LLINs with pyrethroids in the country.

关键词： Resistance Insecticide Vectors CDC bioassay Leu-Phe kdr mutation

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of “Electron Go out Mosquito Small Lamp” in Disease Vector Mosquito Control Benin West Africa

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第2期11卷 95-104页

作者： Tatchémè Filémon Tokponnon Phidias Gbaguidi Zannou Robert Franck Razaki Osse Sébastien Koudenoukpo Mazaire Bata Sare Dabou Zoulkifilou Houessinon Festus Gounou Idayath Martin C. Akogbeto centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou Ministère de la Santé Cotonou Bénin Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey Calavi Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Ministère de la Santé Cotonou Bénin Ecole de Gestion et d’Exploitation des Systèmes d’Elevage Université Nationale d’Agriculture Kétou Bénin

In the context of mosquito control, a plethora of devices have been put on the market. The effectiveness of these devices is not always proven, but some have interesting principles that have the potential to be a good means of mosquito control. Among these interesting devices are the photonic traps. We have carried out nightly captures of mosquitoes on human baits in the presence and absence of the device. These captures were made during the rainy season in the localities of Zogbadjè and Mènontin. The captures were made under the same atmospheric conditions at the same locations at 5-day intervals. These captures were made twice per house, indoors and outdoors, with one blank capture without the device and one capture with the device. The captured mosquitoes were identified and classified by genus and their aggressiveness determined by calculating the biting rate. A total of 845 mosquitoes were captured during these captures with 296 mosquitoes captured indoors without the device and 132 mosquitoes with the device present. This represents a decrease of 55.40% in culicidae density. Furthermore, a significant decrease was observed in aggressiveness, from 49 to 22 bites per man per night (b/m/n) with the use of the device. This decrease is even more important for nocturnal species such as Anopheles spp. whose aggressiveness decreased by 90%. The present study confirms the effectiveness of the “Electron go out mosquito small lamp” in reducing Culicidae density and mosquito aggression even in the presence of chemotactic interference. However, this study was limited in time and focused only on the ability of the device to reduce mosquito numbers and did not assess its epidemiological efficacy. It is therefore important to extend the work to examine the influence of the use of this device on population health and the occurrence of mosquito-borne diseases, particularly malaria.

关键词： Mosquito Control Electron Go Out Mosquito Effectiveness Culicidae density Phototactism Bénin

Comparative susceptibility to permethrin of two Anopheles gambiae *** from Southern Benin,regarding mosquito sex,physiological status,and mosquito age

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第4期4卷 312-317页

作者： Nazaire Aizoun Rock Aikpon Roseric Azondekon Alex Asidi Martin Akogbéto centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou(CREC) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Universite d'Abomey Calavi University of Massachusetts Amherst London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medecine

Objective:To investigate what kind of mosquito sample is necessary for the determination of insecticide susceptibility in malaria ***:Larvae and pupae of Anopheles gambiae s.l.(***)mosquitoes were collected from the breeding sites in Littoral and Oueme *** Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)susceptibility tests were conducted on unfed male and female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days *** susceptibility tests were also conducted on unfed,blood fed and gravid female mosquitoes aged2-5 days *** susceptibility tests were also conducted on unfed and blood fed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days old and 20 days *** biochemical assay using synergist was also carried out to detect any increase in the activity of enzyme typically involved in insecticide ***:Female An,gambiae Ladji and Sekandji populations were more susceptible than the males when they were unfed and aged 2-5 days *** mortality rates of blood fed female *** Ladji and Sekandji populations aged 2-5 days old were lower than those obtained when females were *** addition,the mortality rales of gravid female *** Ladji and Sekandji populations aged2-5 days old were lower than those obtained when they were *** mortality rate obtained when female *** Sekandji populations were unfed and aged 20 days old was higher than the one obtained when these populations were unfed and aged 2-5 days *** results obtained after effects of synergist penicillin in beeswax on F1 progeny of *** Ladji populations resistant to permethrin showed that mono-oxygenases were involved in permethrin resistant F1 progeny from ***:The resistance is a hereditary and dynamic phenomenon which can be due to metabolic mechanisms like overproduction of detoxifying enzymes *** factors influence vector susceptibility to *** these factors,there are mosquito sex,mosquito age,its physiological ***,it is u

关键词： Mosquito sex Physiological status Mosquito age Susceptibility Permethrin Synergist

Study of the efficacy of a Wheaton coated bottle with permethrin and deltamethrin in laboratory conditions and a WHO impregnated paper with bendiocarb in field conditions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第6期4卷 492-497页

作者： Nazaire Azoun Roseric Azondekon Rock Akpon Virgile Gnanguenon Razaki Osse Alex Asidi Martin Akogbeto centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou(CREC) Faculte des Sciences et Techniques Universite d'Abomey Calavi University of Massachusetts Amherst London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medecine

Objective:To determine the efficacy of WHO impregnated paper and CDC coated bottle based on number of storage days and number of limes of consecutive use,in the assessment of insecticide vector susceptibility tests in laboratory and field ***:Larvae and pupae of Anopheles gambiae *** were collected from the breeding sites in Seme-Kpodji and cotonou districts in Southern Benin in April 2013 during the first rainy *** gambiae *** were also collected from the breeding sites in Parakou district in Northern Benin in May 2013 at the beginning of the rainy *** tests were done using impregnated paper with bendiocarb(0.1%)following WHO protocol and stock solutions of permethrin(21.5 ug per bottle)and deltamethrin(12.5 ug per bottle)following CDC protocol on unfed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days *** bioassays were repeated a certain number of *** temperature and relative humidity were monitored and recorded during the susceptibility ***:This study showed that a WHO impregnated paper with bendiocarb could be used four times during four consecutive days in field *** a Wheaton coated bottle with permethrin or deltamethrin,they could be used at least three limes during four consecutive days in laboratory ***:The day storage and the number of times that a WHO impregnated paper and a CDC coated bottle maintained their efficacy are useful in the assessment of insecticide vectors susceptibility tests.

关键词： Efficacy Coated bottle Impregnated paper Insecticide Laboratory conditions Field conditions

Potential Risk of Transmission of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Infections by the Musca domestica Fly and the Periplaneta americana Cockroach in the City of cotonou (South Benin)

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第9期13卷 448-461页

作者： Tatcheme Filemon TatTokponnon Bidossessi Brunelle Ella Agassounon Daton Sylvain Kougblenou Razak Osse Victorien Dougnon Calmette Nouwagbe Daga Justin Kossou Idayath Joachelle Gounou Yerima Festus Houessinon Sare Dabou Zoulkifilou Martin Akogbeto Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin centre de recherche entomologique de cotonou Cotonou Benin Unité de recherche en Microbiologie Appliquée et Pharmacologie des Substances Naturelles Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Section Hygiène des Eaux et Aliments Ministère de la Santé Cotonou Benin Ecole de Gestion et d’Exploitation des Systèmes d’Elevage Université Nationale d’Agriculture Kétou Bénin

Background: The occurrence of bacterial infections sometimes involves synanthropic flies and cockroaches, as mechanical vectors of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to identify the different species of flies and cockroaches that cohabit with humans in the city of cotonou and determine the contribution of Musca domestica and Periplaneta americana in the transmission of bacteria responsible for infections in humans. Methods: Capture sessions during the day for flies and at night for cockroaches were carried out in 4 arrondissements of the city of cotonou. The insects collected were transported to the Center of Research Entomological of cotonou for identification, then sent to the Section Hygiene of Water and Food for microbiological analysis, enumeration and testing for human pathogenic bacteria. Results: A total of 351 flies and 26 cockroaches were collected at the sites, including two synanthropic species belonging to two families each. Musca domestica and Periplaneta americana were the most abundant species found after identification in the city of cotonou. Thermo-tolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli were found on all specimens at varying concentrations. Salmonella spp. bacteria were identified in the fly population from the Dantokpa dump. Conclusion: Flies and cockroaches can transmit microorganisms to humans. The presence of Salmonella spp. among the specimens revealed that infections frequently caused by contaminated food or water are also transmitted to humans by flies. The presence of these germs on flies and cockroaches represents a potential risk of mechanical transmission to humans. It is, therefore, essential to continue investigations in order to assess the species of bacteria propagated, improve control strategies against these troublesome insects and adopt better hygiene conditions for better living.

关键词： Musca domestica Periplaneta americana Mechanical Transmission Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli Infections cotonou

Human Habitats and Malaria Vector Control in Benin: Current Situation and Implications for Effective Control

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 706-721页

作者： Barikissou G. Damien Armel Djènontin Badirou Aguemon Franck Remoué MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie Génétique Evolution et Contr&#244le) Université de Montpellier IRD CNRS Montpellier France/Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC) Cotonou Benin centre de Formation et de recherche en matière de Population Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin

Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are the main indoor malaria vector tools control tools. The study examined housing characteristics and investigated the relationship between the total volume of household possessions, the volume of the sleeping room, and the hanging of LLINs. A total of 831 bedrooms were randomly selected in Benin in 2015. The findings showed that mud walls were predominant in rural areas (more than 75%), while metal roofs were common (77.3% - 97.9%). Battery-powered lighting was prevalent in rural areas in Northern (97%), while open-flame oil lamps were commonly used in rural areas in Southern (86%). The availability of correct bedding was low, ranging from 1% to 10% in all households. 20% of the bedrooms had at least 50% of their volume occupied by household possessions in urban areas. In rural areas, bedrooms without LLINs had a lower mean rate ratio of the volume occupied by possessions per the total volume of the room compared to bedrooms with at least one LLIN installed (p < 0.0001). The characteristics of human habitats are not favourable to the correct use of vector control intervention indoors. It is therefore important to improve people’s living conditions as the next step for malaria elimination.

关键词： Housing Lighting Bedding Possessions Malaria Vector Control LLINs IRS