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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Capacities of Two Medicinal Plants Used against Urinary Infections in Burkina Faso

Advances in Microbiology 2022年第12期12卷 671-683页

作者： Sami Eric Kam Roland Nâg-Tiéro Meda Soufiane domalick Sanou Windmi Kagambega Clarisse Ouedraogo Franck Téounviel Somda Isaac Saamou Boni Eliasse Zongo daniel Kobo Gnada Azouman da Benjamin Kouliga Koama Hermann Yempabou Ouoba Georges Anicet Ouedraogo Laboratoire de recherche et d’enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de recherche en Bactériologie INSP/Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Médicine et Pharmacopée Traditionnelle Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Direction Régionale de l’Ouest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities of extracts from Euphorbia hirta L. and Terminalia avicennioides GUILL & PERR. Methodology: The crude hydro-acetonic and aqueous extracts as well their fractionations were prepared. The total phenolic, flavonoids and tannins contents were assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride and vanillin acid methods, respectively. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities were investigated using standard methods. Results: Euphorbia hirta showed significant contents of total phenolic and flavonoids in n-Butanol (145.14 ± 1.37 GAE/100mg extracts) and ethyl acetate (23.56 ± 0.68 mg QE/ 100mg extracts) fractions. Total tannins were high in hydro-acétonique extract (11.18 ± 0.31 mg TAE/100mg extracts) and aqueous fraction (11.12 ± 0.28 mg TAE/100mg extracts) of Terminalia avicennioides stem barks. Extracts and fractions of both plants demonstrated a strongly antioxidant capacity through the free radicals scavenging and the ferric ions reducing. Concerning antimicrobial screening the extracts of Terminalia avicennioides were effective against 16 causative pathogens of urinary tract infections. Bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus aureus and 2 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus strains was found with aqueous fraction of Terminalia avicennioides leaves. This fraction also highlighted a synergetic effect with some antibiotics used against these bacterial strains. Conclusion: Terminalia avicennioides leaves could be recommended as an herbal drug formulation for the urinary infections management.

关键词： Antimicrobial Antioxidant Euphorbia hirta L. Terminalia avicennioides GUILL & PERR Urinary Infections

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Bacterial Community diversity of a Congolese Traditional Fermented Food, “Pandé”, Revealed by Illumina Miseq^TM Sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第3期12卷 387-405页

作者： C. P. Limingui Polo A. A. Lebonguy A. E. Lembella Boumba S. A. E. Nzaou M Bokamba Moukala J. Goma-Tchimbakala M. diatewa Institut national de recherche en Sciences Exactes et Naturelles Brazzaville Congo Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Brazzaville Congo Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’agronomie et de Foresterie Brazzaville Congo Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Brazzaville Congo

Pandé is a Congolese fermented food produced from fruit pulps of raffia palm. The aim of this study was to explore the diversities in bacterial communities in the unfermented pulps (control) (PNFL) and fermented pulps obtained from fruits using boiling (PMF) and purchased at markets in Brazzaville (PFL) and using Illumina MiSeqTM sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. A total number of 157,054 sequences was obtained and grouped into 737 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). These were classified into 13 phyla, 26 classes, 48 orders, 96 families and 176 genera. At the phylum level, the most frequent bacterial communities were: for PFM, Proteobacteria (38.94%) and Firmicutes (19.37%);for PFL, Firmicutes (69.10%) and Proteobacteria (30.89%);for PNFL, Firmicutes (84.92%) and Proteobacteria (14.22%). were the most frequent in PFL, while Acidobacteria (40.02%), Proteobacteria (38.94%) and Firmicutes (19.37%) were preponderant in PFM. Firmicutes (84.92%) and Proteobacteria (14.22%) were the most common in unfermented pulps (PNFL). Lactobacillus (47.70%) and Gluconobacter genera (15.33%) were the most represented in the PFL sample. Acidipila (35.56%) and Rhizomicrobium (11.41%) were preponderant genera in the PFM sample. Weissella genus was the most frequent in the PNFL sample. Hierarchical cluster indicated that the samples could be grouped into two groups of different origins. PCA showed that main genera were higher in the fermented samples. The diversity was higher in the fermented pulps or Pandé than in the unfermented pulps. Pandé can be a potential source for the isolation of bacteria with biotechnological potential.

关键词： diversity Pandé Bacterial Community Fermented Food Raffia Palm

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Advanced wind turbine blade inspection with hyperspectral imaging and 3d convolutional neural networks for damage detection

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energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 528-537页

作者： Patrick Rizk Frederic Rizk Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi Adrian Ilinca Rafic Younes Jihan Khoder department of Mechanical engineering Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada centre national intégrédu manufacturier intelligent(CNIMI) Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada department of Mathematics Computer Science and EngineeringUniversitédu QuébecàRimouski300 allée des UrsulinesRimouskiQCG5L3A1Canada The Center for Advanced Computer Studies University of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayetteLAUSA T3E Industrial Research Group Mechanical Engineering DepartmentÉcole de Technologie Supérieure1100 Notre-Dame St WMontréalQC H3C 1K3Canada Faculty of engineering Third BranchLebanese UniversityHadathBeirutLebanon LISV Laboratory University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines10-12 Avenue de l'Europe78140VélizyFrance

In the context of global efforts to mitigate climate change by pursuing sustainable energy sources, wind energy has emerged as a critical contributor. However, the wind energy industry faces substantial challenges in maintaining and preserving the integrity of wind turbine blades. Timely and accurate detection and classification of blade faults, encompassing issues such as cracks, erosion, and ice buildup, are imperative to uphold wind turbines' ongoing efficiency and safety. This study introduces an inventive approach that amalgamates hyperspectral imaging and 3d Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to augment the precision and efficiency of wind turbine blade fault detection and classification. Hyperspectral imaging is harnessed to capture comprehensive spectral information from blade surfaces, facilitating exact fault identification. The process is streamlined through Incremental Principal Component Analysis (IPCA), reducing data dimensions while maintaining integrity. The 3d CNN model demonstrates remarkable performance, achieving high accuracy in detecting all fault categories in full-band hyperspectral images. The model retains high accuracy even with dimensionality reduction to 20 spectral bands. The reduced processing time of the 20-band image enhances the practicality of real-world applications, thereby reducing downtime and maintenance expenditures. This research represents a significant advancement in wind turbine blade inspection, contributing to the sustainability and dependability of wind energy systems and furthering the cause of a cleaner and more sustainable energy future as part of the broader fight against climate change.

关键词： blade thereby turbine

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Microbiological Quality of Fresh and Grilled Mutton Sold in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 986-1000页

作者： Zoénabo douamba Abel Tankoano donatien Kaboré diarra Compaore-Sereme Mahamoudou Ouédraogo Pingdwindé Marie Judith Samadoulougou-Kafando Adama Paré Mamadou Hama dicko Hagrétou Sawadogo/Lingani Institut de recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT)/centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT)/centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biochimie Biotechnologie Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN) UFR/SVT Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In Ouagadougou, grilled meats in the form of pieces and brochettes are very popular and well-known to consumers. The aim of this study was to assess the microbial quality of mutton meat sold in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 120 samples were collected from 20 meat grillers 60 samples of fresh meat and 60 samples of grilled meat. The sampling was done between the month of August 2018 and the month of February 2019. The samples were analyzed according to standard methods. The test performed were counts of Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria (AMB), yeasts and molds, enterobacteria, Campylobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Brucella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the search for salmonella, and the detection of antibiotics residues. Results showed a high count of AMB (8.77 and 6.78 log UFC/g);enterobacteria (6.58 and 3.05 log UFC/g), Staphylococcus aureus (6.45 and 4.35 log UFC/g), Bacillus cereus (6.98 and 4.52 log UFC/g), Campylobacter (6.03 and 3.86 log UFC/g), yeasts and molds (4.80 and 3.26 log UFC/g) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.45 and 0.15 log UFC/g), respectively in fresh meat and grilled meat. Presumptive Salmonella was found in 95% of fresh meat samples and in 75% of grilled meat samples. In the tested samples, no Brucella spp were detected. However, residues of antibiotics were found in 5% of fresh meat samples and 5% of grilled meat samples. Means of moisture and pH were respectively 74.91% and 6.05% for fresh meat and 53.21% and 6.06% for grilled meat. The average microbial counts recorded in fresh and grilled meat are significantly high and indicate poor hygiene in the raw material and ready-to-eat meat. Good practices of hygiene and processing guides should be developed for the meat grilling value chain actors to reduce contamination risks.

关键词： Meat Mutton Grilling Microbial Quality

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Towards Specifications for Automatic Recognition Software:An Example of a User-centred design

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Journal of Software engineering and Applications 2013年第10期6卷 1-4页

作者： Sylvain Fleury Eric Jamet Emilie Loup-Escande Achraf Ghorbel Aurélie Lemaitre Eric Anquetil centre de recherche en Psychologie Cognition et Communication(CRPCC)University of Rennes 2RennesFrance Institut de recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires(IRISA) INSA Campus de BeaulieuRennesFrance

This article describes a user-centred method used to design innovative pattern recognition software for technical paper documents. This kind of software can make some errors of interpretation. It will therefore be important that human operators are able to identify and correct these mistakes. The identification of errors is a difficult task because operators need to establish co-reference between the initial document and it interpretation. Moreover, users must be able to checks the interpretation without forgetting any area. This task requires the interface is easy to use. The experiments showed that the sequential display of interpretation is the most effective and that the interruptions by user reduce task duration. Moreover, queries by the system may improve error detection. This paper summarizes the main results of the research conducted in the context of this design for enhance the interface, and describes the specifications to which it gave rise.

关键词： User-centred design Interpretation of document Error detection

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Modeling the Ionosphere during Quiet Time Variation at Ouagadougou in West Africa

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第2期8卷 163-170页

作者： Emmanuel Nanema doua Allain Gnabahou Christian Zoundi Frédéric Ouattara centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME) Université Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso

Ionosphere parameters determination is used to characterize its composition in particles. These results have been compared to data curried from Ouagadougou station. The present study deals with Total Electron Contents (TEC) results determined by Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) version 1.94 and International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) version 2012 during solar cycle 22. The minimum and maximum phases of solar cycle 22 are considered in this study for TEC determination. The station is located at Ouagadougou, in western Africa, characterized by its latitude (12.4°N) and longitude (358.5°E). The present study completes the two previous articles on hmF2 and foF2 parameters determination on the same station by comparison between TEC results carried out from TIEGCM and IRI models. So that, quiet time condition is determined by Aa (≤20 nT) for the five quietest days in each characteristic month of seasons. Rz values characterize minimum and maximum solar cycle phases.

关键词： Ionosphere TEC Solar Cycle Phases TIEGCM IRI

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Peak of Electron density in F2-Layer Parameters Variability at Quiet days on Solar Minimum

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第3期10卷 302-309页

作者： Emmanuel Nanéma Moustapha Konaté Frédéric Ouattara centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert ZONGO Laboratoire de Recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME) Koudougou Burkina Faso

This study deals with Peak of electron density in F2-layer sensibility scale during quiet time on solar minimum. Peaks of electron density in F2-layer (NmF2) values at the quietest days are compared to those carried out from the two nearest days (previous and following of quietest day). The study uses International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) for ionosphere modeling. The located station is Ouagadougou, in West Africa. Solar minimum of phase 22 is considered in this study. Using three core principles of ionosphere modeling under IRI running conditions, the study enables to carry out Peak of electron density in F2-layer values during the quietest days of the characteristic months for the four different seasons. These parameters are compared to those of the previous and the following of the quietest days (the day before and following each quietest selected day) at the same hour. The knowledge of NmF2 values at the quietest days and at the two nearest days enables to calculate the relative error that can be made on this parameter. This calculation highlights insignificant relative errors. This means that NmF2 values at the two nearest days of each quietest day on solar minimum can be used for simulating the quietest days’ behavior. NmF2 values obtained by running IRI model have good correlation with those carried out by Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics-General Circulation Model (TIEGCM).

关键词： Ionosphere Peak of Electron density in F2-Layer Solar Cycle Quiet day International Reference Ionosphere Model

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Risk factors for schistosomiasis in an urban area in northern Cote d’Ivoire

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 460-471页

作者： Richard K.M’Bra Brama Kone Yapi G.Yapi Kigbafori d.Silue Ibrahima Sy danielle Vienneau Nagnin Soro Gueladio Cisse Jurg Utzinger Unitede Formation et de recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minieres Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny01 BP V 34Abidjan 01Cpte d’Ivoire centre Suisse de recherches Scientifiques en Cpte d’Ivoire 01 BP 1303Abidjan 01Cote d’Ivoire Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute P.O.BoxCH-4002BaselSwitzerland University of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003BaselSwitzerland Institut de Gestion Agropastorale UniversitéPéléforo Gon CoulibalyBP 1328KorhogoCote d’Ivoire centre d’entomologie Medicale et Veterinaire Universite Alassane Ouattara27 BP 529Abidjan 27Cote d’Ivoire Unitede Formation et de recherche Biosciences Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny22 BP 522Abidjan 22Cote d’Ivoire centre de Suivi Ecologique BP 15532DakarSenegal.

Background:Schistosomiasis is a water-based disease transmitted by trematodes belonging to the genus *** aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the prevalence of schistosomiasis and access to water,sanitation and hygiene(WASH)and environmental and socioeconomic factors in the city of Korhogo,northern Côte d'***:A cross-sectional study including 728 randomly selected households was conducted in Korhogo in March *** heads of the households were interviewed about access to WASH and environmental and socioeconomic *** children abed between 5 and 15 years living in the households were selected to provide stool and urine samples for parasitological diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium *** relationship between infection with *** and potential risk factors was analysed by a mixed logistic regression model with‘household’as a random *** ratio tests were used to identify factors that were significantly associated with a Schistosoma ***:The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis among school-aged children in Korhogo was 1.9%(45/2341)composed of 0.3%(3/1248)*** and 3.5%(42/1202)*** to the low prevalence of *** infection,risk factor analysis was limited to *** were 7.8 times more likely to be infected with *** than *** between 10 and 15 years of age were 3.8 times more likely to be infected than their younger counterparts aged 5-10 ***,living in a house further away from a water access point(odds ratio[OR]=0.29,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.13-0.70)and abstaining from swimming in open freshwater bodies(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.04-0.56)were significantly associated with decreased odds of *** *** socioeconomic status did not appear to influence the prevalence of ***:A strategy to reduce the incidence of schistosomiasis should focus on health education to change the b

关键词： Cote d’Ivoire Schistosomiasis School-aged children Urban agriculture Vulnerability index Water Sanitation and Hygiene(WASH)

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Electron Bulk Surface density Effect on Critical Frequency in the F2-Layer

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International Journal of Geosciences 2018年第9期9卷 572-578页

作者： Emmanuel Nanéma Issaka Ouédraogo Christian Zoundi Frédéric Ouattara centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert ZONGO Laboratoire de Recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME) Koudougou Burkina Faso

Ionosphere layer is the atmosphere region which reflects radio waves for telecommunication. The density in particles in this layer influences the quality of communication. This study deals with the effects of Total Electron Contents (TEC) on the critical frequency of radio waves in the F2-layer. Total Electron Contents parameter symbolizes electron bulk surface density in ionosphere layer. Above critical frequency value in F2 layer (foF2), radio waves pass through ionosphere. The knowledge of this value enables to calibrate transmission frequencies. In this study, we consider TEC effects on foF2 under quiet time conditions during the maximum and the minimum of solar cycle 22, at Ouagadougou station, in West Africa. The study also considers the effects of seasons and the hourly variability of TEC and foF2. This work shows winter anomaly on foF2 and TEC on minimum and maximum of solar cycle phase respectively. Running International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model enables to carry out the effects of TEC on foF2 by use of their monthly average values. This leads to a new approach to calibrate radio transmitters.

关键词： Ionosphere Total Electron Contents Critical Frequency in F2-Layer Solar Cycle Phase International Reference Ionosphere Model

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Use of Fluorescence and Reflectance Spectra for Predicting Okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>) Yield and Macronutrient Contents of Leaves

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2017年第10期7卷 537-558页

作者： Wilfried G. dibi Jocelyne Bosson Irié Casimir Zobi Bi Tra Tié Jérémie T. Zoueu Laboratoire d’Instrumentation Image et Spectroscopie Unité Mixte de Recherche et d’Innovation en Electricité et Electronique Appliquées Ecole Supérieure d’Industrie Institut Nationale Polytechnique Houphouet-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Physique Fondamentale et Appliquée Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Pédologie Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie Institut Nationale Polytechnique Houphouet-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

In-field proximal sensing of most major crops nutrients still remains an economical and technical challenge. For this purpose, the use of effective multi-excitation fluorescence and reflectance wavelengths is explored in this work on Okra plant. Visible-near infrared (400 - 1000 nm) reflectance and multi-fluorescence data were collected at leaf scale in a chemically fertilized field by using an USB spectrometer mounted with an Arduino-based LEd driver clip. N, P, K and Ca content of samples leaves were measured using reference methods. Average pods yield and leaves macronutrients content were calibrated using IRIV-PLS regression after spectra pretreatments. Single informative wavelengths bands in reflectance, red and far-red fluorescences were selected for building yield and macronutrient content models. We showed that flowering stage was more suitable for yield prediction. Moderately useful macronutrient models were found in Ca content (RPdval = 1.93, rP = 0.818) and potassium content with RPdval = 1.8, rP = 0.88. P and N yielding prediction performance of RPdval = 1.61 (rP = 0.718 ) and RPdval = 1.46 (rP = 0.56) respectively were less accurate. This study demonstrates potentiality of fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy for accurate estimation of leaf macronutrient content and crop yield. High selectivity obtained from resulted spectral bands could lead to the development of reliable, rapid and cost-effective devices for nutrient diagnosis.

关键词： Proximal Sensing Fluorescence and Reflectance Fertilized Field Macronutrients Content Pods Yield

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