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Slow Pyrolysis of Sugarcane bagasse for the Production of char and the Potential of Its by-Product for Wood Protection

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第1期9卷 97-117页

作者： Febrina dellarose boer Jérémy Valette Jean-Michel Commandré Mériem Fournier Marie-France Thévenon CIRAD UR BioWooEBTA B-114/1673 Rue Jean-François BretonF-34398 MontpellierCedex 5France bioWooEb Universitéde MontpellierCIRADMontpellierFrance AgroParisTech centre de Nancy Nancy54000France Universitéde Lorraine AgroParisTechINRAUMR SilvaNancyF-54000France

Sugarcane bagasse was pyrolyzed using a laboratory fixed bed reactor to produce char and its by-product(pyrolysis liquid).The pyrolysis experiments were carried out using different temperatures(400℃ and 500℃),heating rate(1℃/min and 10℃/min),and holding time(30 min and 60 min).char was characterized according to its thermal properties,while the pyrolysis liquid was tested for its anti-fungal and anti-termite *** temperature and heating rate had a significant influence on the char properties and the yield of char and pyrolysis liquid,where a high-quality char and high yield of pyrolysis liquid can be obtained at a temperature of 500℃ and a heating rate of 10℃/*** yield of char and pyrolysis liquid was 28.97%and 55.46%,*** principal compounds of pyrolysis liquid were water,acetic acid,glycolaldehyde,1-hydroxy-2-propanone,methanol,formic acid,levoglucosan,furfural,followed by some phenol compounds and guaiacol *** liquid at a concentration of 0.20%and 0.25%(v/v)caused a 100%inhibition of Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor,respectively,when performing inhibition growth tests in Petri *** paper treated with 10%of pyrolysis liquid caused 100%of termite mortality,while only 5.65%–7.03%of the treated filter papers consumed by termites at such *** liquid is potentially effective to be used in the formulation of wood protection against fungi and termites.

关键词： Anti-fungal anti-termite biomass char pyrolysis liquid slow pyrolysis sugarcane bagasse valorization

Dominance of transposable element‑related satDNAs results in great complexity of“satDNA library”and invokes the extension towards“repetitive DNA library”

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 236-251页

作者： Monika Tunjić‑Cvitanić Daniel García‑Souto Juan J.Pasantes EvaŠatović‑Vukšić Division of Molecular biology Ruđer BoškovićInstitute10000 ZagrebCroatia Genomes and Disease Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CIMUS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain department of Zoology Genetics and Physical AnthropologyUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15706 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Centro de Investigación Mariña Dpto de BioquímicaXenética e InmunoloxíaUniversidade de Vigo36310 VigoSpain

Research on bivalves is fast-growing,including genome-wide analyses and genome *** characteristics qualify oysters as a valuable model to explore repetitive DNA sequences and their genome *** we char-acterize the satellitomes of five species in the family Ostreidae(Crassostrea angulata,***,***,***,Ostrea edulis),revealing a substantial number of satellite DNAs(satDNAs)per genome(ranging between 33 and 61)and peculiarities in the composition of their *** satDNAs were either associated to or derived from transposable elements,displaying a scarcity of transposable element-unrelated satDNAs in these *** to the non-conventional satellitome constitution and dominance of Helitron-associated satDNAs,comparative satellitomics demanded more in-depth analyses than standardly *** analyses(including ***,the first bivalve species with a defined satellitome)revealed that 13 satDNAs occur in all six oyster genomes,with Cg170/HindIII satDNA being the most abundant in all of *** the“satDNA library model”highlighted the necessity to adjust this term when studying tandem repeat evolution in organisms with such *** repetitive sequences with potential variation in the organizational form and repeat-type affiliation are examined across related species,the introduction of the terms“TE library”and“repetitive DNA library”becomes essential.

关键词： Satellitome Comparative satellitomics Helitron bivalves “Dark matter of the genome”

Research on assessing compression quality taking into account the space-borne remote sensing images

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High Technology Letters 2015年第1期21卷 109-117页

作者：赫华颖 Zeng Yong Wang Wenyu China centre For Resources Satellite Data & Application

According to the remote sensing image characteristics, a set oi optimized compression quahty assessment methods is proposed on the basis of generating simulative images. Firstly, a means is put forward that generates simulative images by scanning aerial films taking into account the space-borne remote sensing camera characteristics （including pixel resolution, histogram dynamic range and quantization）. In the course of compression quality assessment, the objective assessment considers images texture changes and mutual relationship between simulative images and decompressed ima- ges, while the synthesized estimation factor （SEF） is brought out innovatively for the first time. Subjective assessment adopts a display setup -- 0.5mrn/pixel, which considers human visual char- acteristic and mainstream monitor. The set of methods are applied in compression plan design of panchromatic camera loaded on ZY-1-02C satellite. Through systematic and comprehensive assess- ment, simulation results show that image compression quality with the compression ratio of d：l can meet the remote sensing application requirements.

关键词： remote sensing images compression images quality assessment blocking standard variance synthesized estimation factor (SEF) images display

Is hyperexcitability really guilty in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1413-1415页

作者： Felix Leroy Daniel Zytnicki centre de Neurophysique Physiologie et Pathologie UMR 8119 Université Paris Descartes UMR 8119 45 rue des Saints-Pères 752070 Paris Cedex 06 France

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS） is a lethal disorder char- acterized by the gradual degeneration of brainstem and spinal motoneurons as well as lateral cortico-spinal tracts. The onset generally occurs during the adult age except for some juvenile aggressive forms. Until recently, the vast majority of the cases （90%） were deemed sporadic. Mutations in the SOD1 gene have been for a long time the only ones reported in familiar forms of ALS. However, the recent implication of new genes of little known function cast a new view on this disease. C9ORF72, for example, is now recognized to account for 30% of the familial cases. Overall, ALS has been linked to 20 different genes, many also associated with other degenerative diseases （frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer or ataxia）. Some of these genes are in- volved in RNA maturation （FUS, TARbD）. Clinical observation of human patients and mouse models suggests that all motor pools and motoneurons are not equally affected （see Kanning et al., 2010）. The disease usually starts in motor pools controlling the limbs or in the bulbar area before expanding to other motor pools, with the exception of a few resistant ones （Onuf＇s and oculomotor nuclei）. Within a vulnerable motor pool, motoneu- tons subtypes also exhibit differential vulnerability and follow an orderly degeneration; starting with the motoneurons innervating fast-contracting fatigable motor units （IZF motoneurons） and followed by the ones innervating fast-contractile fatigue-resistant motor units （FR motoneurons）. The motoneurons in- nervating slow motor units （S motoneurons） appear resistant to the disease. Although the mechanisms leading to the orderly degeneration are not known, many hypotheses have been raised （Ilieva et al., 2009）.

关键词： hyperexcitability amyotrophic sclerosis

Mathematical Model development of Raceway Parameters and Their Effects on Corex Process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第5期18卷 20-24页

作者： S C barman K P Mrunmaya M Ranjan Arcelor Mittal design and Engineering centre JSW Steel Ltd Vijayanagar Works

Corex is an alternative ironmaking process and raceway is one of the important areas to maintain the stability of the furnace. The raceway parameters are well established for blast furnace operation. but for Corex process,it has not yet been established and optimized. Thus,a mathematical model was developed to determine various raceway parameters such as RAFT （raceway adiabatic flame temperature）,tuyere gas velocity and kinetic energy. The model provides an idea about the raceway geometry,zone temperature and kinetic energy accumulated in tuyere gas. besides,all the raceway parameters have been analyzed to find out their effects on the Corex process. It is found that RAFT influences the gasification reaction kinetics and higher RAFT generates more CO in reduction gas,which improves the metallisation degree of the DRI in shaft. It is also found that increased gas velocity and kinetic energy generate more fines and demand more coke to maintain char bed permeability. High coke rate increases the production cost and lowers the production of hot metal.

关键词： Corex raceway RAFT reducing gas metallisation

Awareness and adoption of land,soil and water conservation practices in the Chinyanja Triangle,Southern Africa

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第2期5卷 122-129页

作者： Nelson Mango Clifton Makate Lulseged Tamene Powell Mponela Gift Ndengu International centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) c/o Kawanda Research StationP.O.Box 6247KampalaUganda International centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.MP 228HarareZimbabwe International centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) c/o Chitedze Agricultural Research StationP.O.Box 158LilongweMalawi

The promotion of land,soil and water conservation measures has been a widespread development in sub-Saharan Africa in a bid to tackle degradation and improve *** a result,several gov-ernments have launched various campaigns on soil,land and water conservation *** aim of this study is to determine some of the factors that influence farmers'awareness(knowledge)and adoption of land,soil and water conservation *** for this study was collected from 312 households using a questionnaire survey in the Chinyanja Triangle of Southern *** study *** sampled from Tete province of Mozambique,central and southern regions of Malawi and eastern Province of *** used t-tests to classify adopters and non-adopters of soil,land and water con-servation measures and binomial logit models to identify the factors that infuence farmers'knowledge of conservation measures and adoption of land productivity *** results show that the household head's age,education,agricultural advice reception and farmer group membership are critical in raising *** the household head's age,education,agricultural advice reception,farmer group membership,pieces of land owned or used in production and land-to-man ratio influenced adoption *** study,therefore,concludes that in order to improve land productivity in the Chinyanja Triangle,there is a need to consider farmers'heterogeneity in terms of household head's age,level of education,extension services outreach,and socio-economic char *** suggests that governments'policies in the region should be aimed at improving farmers'level of education,extension delivery that will target the elderly and the youth,land ownership,credit access,and social capital such as group formation.

关键词： Conservation Agriculture Awareness Adoption Chinyanja Triangle

活动性炎症性肠病患者缺乏未成熟的外周血浆细胞样和髓样树突状细胞

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 28-29页

作者： baumgart D.C. Metzke D. Schmitz J. 陈云茹 char. Med. centre-Virchow Hospital Med. Sch. of the Humboldt- UniversityDepartment of Medicine D- 13344 Berlin Germany Dr.

background: breakdown of tolerance against the commensal microflora is believ ed to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IbD). dendritic cells (DC) have been implicated in this process in various animal mod els, but data on human DC in IbD are very limited. Aim: To characterise plasmacy toid DC (PDC) and myeloid DC (MDC) in patients with active versus inactive IbD a nd healthy controls. Patients and Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 10 6 patients (Crohn’ s disease (CD) n = 49, ulcerative colitis (UC) n = 57) and h ealthy controls (n = 19). Disease activity was scored using themodified Truelove Witts (MTWSI) for UC and the Harvey bradshaw severity indices (HbSI) for CD. Fo ur colour flow cytometric analysis was used to identify, enumerate, and phenotyp e DC. DC from patients with acute flare ups and healthy controls were cultured a nd stimulated with CpG ODN 2006 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results: IbD patien ts in remission (PDC UC, 0.39% ; CD, 0.35% ; MDC- 1 UC, 0.23% ; CD, 0.22% of PbMC) have slightly lower numbers of circulating DC compared with healthy con trols (PDC 0.41% , MDC- 1 0.25% of PbMC). In acute flare ups IbD patients ex perience a significant drop of DC (PDC UC, 0.04% ; CD, 0.11% ; MDC- 1 UC, 0.1 1% ; CD, 0.14% of PbMC) that correlates with disease activity (correlation co efficients: PDC MTWSI, 0.93; HbSI, 0.79; MDC- 1 MTWSI, 0.75; HbSI, 0.81). Moreo ver, both express α l4β 7 integrin and display an immature phenotype. Freshly isolated PDC and MDC- 1 from untreated flaring IbD patients express higher base line levels of CD86 which increases further in culture and upon stimulation comp ared with healthy controls. Conclusion: IbD patients lack immature blood DC duri ng flare ups which possibly migrate to the gut. An aberrant response to microbia l surrogate stimuli suggests a disturbed interaction with commensals.

关键词：炎症性肠病髓样树突状细胞浆细胞样疾病活动度克罗恩病严重度溃疡性结肠炎动物模型微生物类循环血

Nitroglycerine effects on portal vein mechanics and oxidative stress in portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第4期18卷 331-339页

作者： Andreja Vujanac Vladimir Jakovljevic Dusica Djordjevic Vladimir Zivkovic Mirjana Stojkovic Dragan Celikovic Nebojsa Andjelkovic Aleksandra Jurisic Skevin Dragan Djuric department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Kragujevac department of Gastroenterology and Echosonography Unit Clinical Centre of Belgrade Internal Clinic Clinical Centre "Kragujevac"Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Kragujevac department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Kragujevac Institute of Medical Physiology Belgrade University School of Medicine

AIM:Тo examine the effects of nitroglycerine on portal vein haemodynamics and oxidative stress in patients with portal ***:Thirty healthy controls and 39 patients with clinically verified portal hypertension and increasedvascular resistance participated in the *** di-ameters,portal diameters and portal flow velocities were recorded using color flow imaging/pulsed Doppler ***-section area,portal flow and index of vascular resistance were *** collected blood samples,superoxide anion radical (O 2-),hydrogen per-oxide (H 2 O 2),index of lipid peroxidation (measured as TbARS) and nitric oxide (NO) as a marker of endothelial response (measured as nitrite-NO 2-) were ***-dependent analysis was performed at basal state and in 10th and 15th min after nitroglycerine (sublingual 0.5 mg) ***:Oxidative stress parameters changed sig-nificantly during the study.H 2 O 2 decreased at the end of study,probably via O 2-mediated disassembling in Haber Weiss and Fenton reaction;O 2-increased signifi-cantly probably due to increased diameter and tension and decreased shear rate *** O 2-and H 2 O 2 degradation products,like hydroxyl radical,initi-ated lipid *** blood flow was to some extent lower in patients than in controls due to double paradoxes,flow velocity decreased,shear rate decreased significantly indicating non Newtonian char-acteristics of portal blood ***:This pilot study could be a starting point for further investigation and possible implemen-tation of some antioxidants in the treatment of portal hypertension.

关键词： Portal hypertension Endothelium Nitroglycerine Oxidative stress Portal vein haemodynamics

Towards the de-secularisation of Heritage

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built Heritage 2017年第2期1卷 1-15页

作者： Gamini Wijesuriya International centre for the Study of Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property(ICCROM) RomeItaly

This paper argues that modern conservation concepts,as portrayed in documents like the Venice charter,have led to the‘secularisation’of built *** term‘secularisation’is used to describe the over-emphasis on materiality that has led to it being distanced from *** main focus of this approach has been on the well-being of the material contents of *** reason for this can be attributed to the fact that conservation philosophy in its formative stages was rooted in the contemporary secular values of the Western *** paper discusses secularisation and its consequences,resistance to change and its authority or dominance in conservation *** this dominance and authority,the paper argues that changes which focus on people have happened,particularly,over the last two *** changes are characterised as the de-secularisation of *** changes can also be read as a paradigm shift of moving from the care of heritage to that of pursuing the well-being of both heritage and society as a *** providing some sources that can sustain de-secularisation,the paper argues that this shift is a sine qua non for heritage to be meaningful and also to act as a cultural motivator for development.

关键词： secularisation conservation management heritage