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Vegetable Production After Flooded Rice Improves Soil Properties in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 130-139页

作者： Arij P.EVERAARTS Jacques J.NEETESON Pham T.T.HUONG Paul C.STRUIK Applied Plant Research Wageningen University and Research Centre Plant Research International Wageningen University and Research Centre Field crop Research Institute Hai Duong and Hanoi University of Agriculture centre for crop systems analysis Wageningen University

Vegetable production in South East Asia often is in rotation with flooded rice. The puddling of the soil with flooded rice production may result in unfavourable soil conditions for the subsequent production of dry land crops. To establish whether permanent vegetable production results in favourable soil conditions for vegetables, the effects of five different permanent vegetable production systems and a system of vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice on soil properties after flooded rice were studied in a 2-year field experiment. Bulk density at 0.05–0.10 m depth layer decreased with permanent vegetable production and vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice. The decrease in bulk density was influenced by the application of organic manure and rice husks, and especially by the number of crops cultivated, suggesting that frequency of soil tillage had a major effect on bulk density. Ploughing with buffalo traction after flooded rice, in combination with construction of raised beds, could reduce or totally eliminate negative effects of puddling on soil structure. Bulk density at 0.15–0.20 m soil depth was not influenced. Soil acidity decreased significantly in all systems. Soil organic carbon increased in all systems, but significant increase was only found in two permanent vegetable production systems. Available phosphorus(P) significantly increased in two permanent vegetable production systems, with a positively correlation to the amount of P applied. The significant decrease in bulk density and increase in p H(H2O), after only 2 years, showed that soil conditions after flooded rice could be improved in a short time under intensive vegetable production.

关键词： available phosphorus bulk density organic carbon puddling soil fertility soil improvement

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Responses of Lowland, Upland and Aerobic Rice Genotypes to Water Limitation During Different Phases

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Rice science 2020年第4期27卷 345-354页

作者： Preethi VIJAYARAGHAVAREDDY YIN Xinyou Paul CSTRUIK Udayakumar MAKARLA Sheshshayee SREEMAN Department of crop Physiology University of Agricultural SciencesBengaluru 560065India centre for crop systems analysis Wageningen University&ResearchPO Box 4306700AK Wageningenthe Netherlands

Rice yield reduction due to water limitation depends on its severity and duration and on the phenological stage of its *** exposed three contrasting rice genotypes,IR64,UPLRi7 and Apo(adapted to lowland,upland and aerobic conditions,respectively),to three water regimes(puddle,100%and 60%field capacity)in pots during the vegetative(GSI),flowering(GSII)and grain filling(GSIII)*** at all the three stages significantly reduced yield especially in lowland genotype *** of water limitation was more severe at GSII than at the other two *** at GSI stage reduced both source activity(leaf area and photosynthetic rate)and sink capacity(tiller number or panicle number per pot).When stress was imposed at GSII,spikelet fertility was most affected in all the three *** both GSII and GSIII,although leaf area was constant in all the three water regimes,estimated relative whole-plant photosynthesis was strongly associated with yield *** photosynthesis due to stress at any given stage was found to have direct impact on *** to the other genotypes,Apo had deeper roots and maintained a better water relation,thus,higher carbon gain and spikelet viability,and ultimately,higher biomass and productivity under water-limited ***,screening for these stage-dependent adaptive mechanisms is crucial in breeding for sustained rice production under water limitation.

关键词： water limitation phenology upland aerobic Oryza sativa yield

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Acquired Traits Contribute More to Drought Tolerance in Wheat Than in Rice

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 172-187页

作者： Preethi Vijayaraghavareddy Ramu S.Vemanna Xinyou Yin Paul C.Struik Udayakumar Makarla Sheshshayee Sreeman Department of crop Physiology University of Agricultural SciencesBengaluruIndia centre for crop systems analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchPO Box 4306700 AK WageningenNetherlands Regional centre for Biotechnology FaridabadHaryanaIndia

Drought tolerance is governed by constitutive and acquired *** them has relevance for sustaining crop productivity under *** levels of stress induce specific mechanisms that protect metabolism when stress becomes ***,we report a comparative assessment of“acquired drought tolerance(ADT)”traits in two rice cultivars,IR64(drought susceptible)and Apo(tolerant),and a drought-tolerant wheat cultivar,*** seedlings were exposed to progressive concentrations of methyl viologen(MV),a stress inducer,before transferring to a severe concentration.“Induced”seedlings showed higher tolerance and recovery growth than seedlings exposed directly to severe stress.A novel phenomic platform with an automated irrigation system was used for precisely imposing soil moisture stress to capture ADT traits during the vegetative *** progression of drought was achieved through a software-controlled automated irrigation *** facility allowed the maintenance of the same level of soil moisture irrespective of differences in transpiration,and hence,this platform provided the most appropriate method to assess ADT *** biomass decreased more in IR64 than in *** wheat cultivar showed lower levels of damage and higher recovery growth even compared to *** of ROS-scavenging enzymes and drought-responsive genes was significantly higher in Apo than in IR64,but differences were only marginal between Apo and *** wheat cultivar showed significantly higher stomatal conductance,carbon gain,and biomass than the rice cultivars,under *** differences in ADT traits between cultivars as well as between species can be utilised for improving drought tolerance in crop plants.

关键词： cultivar Wheat drought

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Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang Zhou Paul CStruik Junfei Gu Peter E.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang Jianchang Yang Xinyou Yin centre for crop systems analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands College of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop *** study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrogen(N)accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants(greener or yellower)were analyzed,using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during grain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal *** was associated with greater post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-N duration,and this greater post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake.A density experiment showed that current management practices(insufficient planting density accompanied by abundant N application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype,ultimately limiting its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake,as well as N translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity,adjustments of crop management practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrogen Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

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Effects of mixed rare earth fertilizer on yield and nutrient quality of leafy vegetables during different seasons

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第6期34卷 638-643页

作者：任艳军任学军马建军闫立英 analysis and Testing centre Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology

Using Chinese cabbage and rape as test material and examining the same soil conditions at different seasons（spring and autumn）, the effects of mixed rare earth fertilizer on the yield and nutrient quality of leafy vegetables were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the application of mixed rare earth fertilizer in agriculture. Results showed a seasonal difference in the nutrient quality of Chinese cabbage and rape. For crops planted in autumn, the soluble sugar and vitamin C content were higher, the titratable acid and nitrate content were lower, and the sugar acid ratio was higher relative to crops planted in spring. Mixed rare earth treatments promoted growth of both crops during both seasons. The plot yield, stem and leaf fresh and dry matter weight, and dry and fresh ratio increased. These increases for Chinese cabbage were greater in autumn than in spring while for rape, the increases were greater in spring than autumn. The soluble sugar content, titratable acid content and sugar acid ratio were increased and the nitrate content decreased, in autumn the effects were more obvious than in spring. In spring, the vitamin C content was increased, and the increase was greater for Chinese cabbage than rape. In autumn, the vitamin C content decreased, and the decrease was greater for rape than Chinese cabbage. At the same time, the content of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Ni in stems and leaves decreased. This decrease was greater in spring for Chinese cabbage and in autumn for rape.

关键词： mixed rare earth fertilizer yield nutrient quality seasons Chinese cabbage rape

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Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 598-608页

作者： Daniella Da Silva Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg Anine Crous Heidi Abrahamse Laser Research centre Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular *** has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of *** this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain *** investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/*** adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory *** findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control ***,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal *** biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic ***,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

关键词： differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis photobiomodulation trans-differentiation

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UV-Vis and Photoluminescent Spectra of TiO_2 Films

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2003年第3期18卷 36-39页

作者：赵青南 centre for Materials Research and analysis Wuhan University of Techuology

TiO 2 films have been deposited on glass substrates using DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different oxygen partial pressures from 0.10Pa to *** transmittance (UV vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the films were *** results of the UV vis spectra show that the deposition rate of the films decreased at oxygen partial pressure P(O 2)≥0.15Pa,the band gap increased from 3.48eV to 3.68eV for direct transition and from 3.27eV to 3.34eV for indirect transition with increasing the oxygen partial *** PL spectra show convincingly that the transtion for films was indirect,and there were some oxygen defect energy levels at the band gap of the *** increasing the O 2 partial pressure,the defect energy levels *** the films sputtered at 0.35 and 0.65Pa there were two defect energy levels at 2.63eV and 2.41eV,corresponding to 0.72eV and 0.94eV below the conduction band for a band gap of 3.35eV,*** the films sputtered at 0.10Pa and 0.15Pa,there was an energy band formed between 3.12eV and 2.06eV,corresponding to 0.23eV and 1.29eV below the conduction band.

关键词： TiO 2 films indirect transition defect energy level sputtering

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Structure and mechanical properties of Zr/TiAlN films prepared by plasma-enhanced magnetron sputtering

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Rare Metals 2015年第10期34卷 717-724页

作者： Guang Xian Hai-Bo Zhao Hong-Yuan Fan Hao Du School of Manufacture Science and Engineering Sichuan University The analysis and Testing centre Sichuan University

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Zr interlayer on the structure and mechanical properties of TiAlN films, which were deposited on the M2 high-speed steel substrates by means of plasma-enhanced magnetron sputtering. The result shows that the crystal orientation of Zr/TiAlN films is similar to that of single-layered TiAlN films, but the difference is that AlN(111) of Zr/TiAlN films disappears completely. With respect to Zr interlayer, the texture coefficient of Zr/TiAlN films is approximately 1. Zr/TiAlN films exhibit a compact isometric structure, which is distinctly different from the columnar structure existing in the single-layered TiAlN films and Ti/TiAlN films. The hardness and H3/E*2 of Zr/TiAlN films are, respectively, enhanced to be 36.6 GPa and 0.147. With a few cracks emerging around the indention, the adhesion strength of TiAlN films is obviously advanced by adding Zr metal interlayer.

关键词： TiAlN films Structure Orientation Hardness Adhesio

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Genetic pathways controlling inflorescence architecture and development in wheat and barley

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 296-309页

作者： Adam Gauley Scott A.Boden Department of crop Genetics John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park

Modifications of inflorescence architecture have been crucial for the successful domestication of wheat and barley, which are central members of the Triticeae tribe that provide essential grains for the human diet. Investigation of the genes and alleles that underpin domestication-related traits has provided valuable insights into the molecular regulation of inflorescence development of the Triticeae, and further investigation of modified forms of architecture are proving to be equally *** identified genes are involved in diverse biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation, which alter inflorescence architecture by modifying the development and fertility of lateral organs, called spikelets and florets. Recent advances in sequencing capabilities and the generation of mutant populations are accelerating the identification of genes that influence inflorescence development, which is important given that genetic variation for this trait promises to be a valuable resource for optimizing grain production. This review assesses recent advances in our understanding of the genes controlling inflorescence development in wheat and barley, with the aim of highlighting the importance of improvements in developmental biology for optimizing the agronomic performance of staple crop plants.

关键词： Genetic pathways Modifications architecture

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Molecular structure of [(trien)Zn(im)Zn(trien)](ClO_4)_3 complex and ESR spectra of its single-crystal doped with [(trien)Cu(im)Zn(trien)l(ClO_4)_3 complex

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Science China Chemistry 1996年第2期39卷 123-134页

作者：毛宗万江丽娟韩世莹唐雯霞陈民勤A 刘捷 State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Institute of Coordination Chemistry and Centre of Material Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Institute of Coordination Chemistry and Centre of Material Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Institute of Coordination Chemistry and Centre of Material Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Institute of Coordination Chemistry and Centre of Material Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 ChinaResearch Centre of Analysis and Measurement Fudan University Shanghai 200433 ChinaResearch Centre of Analysis and Measurement Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

The crystal structure of the title complex was measured, in which the two zinc atoms with coordination polyhedron of distorted tetragonal pyramid (TP) are bridged by an imidazolate in the apical position of the TP forming a dimer. The isomorphous [(trien)Cu(im)Zn(trien)](ClO4)3·H2O complex was doped in the title complex and the recorded single-crystal ESR spectra by fitting gave two sets of the principal values of g and A tensors, which were assigned to the physically distinct sites of the two magnetically equivalent molecules in the unit cell. Lattice distortion at the Cu(II) ion sites and the bonding parameters of Cu(II) ions are further calculated, and the bonding nature of Cu(II) ions is discussed.

关键词： Cu Zn-SOD model single-crystal ESR g tensor A tensor bonding parameters.

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