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Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella Strains Isolated at the National Clinical Biology and Public Health laboratory in Bangui, central African Republic

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 160-171页

作者： Marceline Djeintote Ernest Lango-Yaya Zéphirin-Dalengat Vogbia Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Augustin Balekouzou Henri Saint-Claver Djemer Wilfried Sylvain Nambei Boniface Koffi Gérard Gresenguet National Blood Transfusion Center Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anti-Retroviral Therapy Bangui Central African Republic National Center for the Fight against AIDS Bangui Central African Republic

In Africa, each year, there are estimated to be more than 91 million cases of salmonellosis and 137,000 cases of death. The problem of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella strains is a threat to public health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella strains isolated in biological products analyzed at the National laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (NLCBPH) in Bangui. This is, therefore, a cross-sectional study with a descriptive aim, running from January to December 2022. It focused on the strains of Salmonella isolated and identified in stools, urines, and blood samples. For each strain of Salmonella isolated, an antibiogram was carried out following the recommendations of the French Society of Microbiology (CASFM, 2022). A total of 93 strains of Salmonella have been recorded. The age group 0 - 9 years was 29% and that of >50 years was 11%. The median age of patients was 30 years with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 78 years. The female gender was more represented at 52.69% than the male gender at 47.31%, i.e. a sex ratio of 0.89 (M/F). Salmonella strains were much more isolated in stools at 62% followed by urines at 29% and blood at 6%. Salmonella arizonae strains were more represented with 52%. Salmonella strains have a resistance rate to Tetracycline of 62.37% followed by Penicillins of 50%. The rate of multi-antibiotic resistance of the Salmonella strains isolated represented 48.38%. Salmonella spp. strains were multi-resistant at 58.69% followed by Salmonella arizonae strains at 47.91%. There is a significant association between the different families of antibiotics and Salmonella strains (p < 0.05). According to the results obtained, Penicillins, Phenicoles, and Cyclins had a high rate of resistance on Salmonella strains. No strain-producing Broad Spectrum Beta-lactamase has been isolated. Salmonella strains represent a zoonotic health danger, constitute a public health problem and remain a current subject. This germ is resistant to the antibi

关键词： Salmonella Resistance Antibiotics central African Republic

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Construction of algal-bacterial consortia using green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and As(Ⅲ)-oxidizing bacteria:As tolerance and metabolomic profiling

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 258-266页

作者： Xiaoman He Guobing Lin Jiayuan Zeng Zhaoguang Yang Lin Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Bioremediation became a promising technology to resolve arsenic(As)contamination in aquatic environment.Since monoculture such as microalgae or bacteria was sensitive to environmental disturbance and vulnerable to contamination,green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and arsenite(As(Ⅲ))-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp.SMS11 were co-cultured to construct algal-bacterial consortia in the current study.The effects of algae-bacteria(A:B)ratio and exposure As(Ⅲ)concentration on algal growth,As speciation and metabolomic profile were investigated.Algal growth arrested when treated with 100 mg/L As(Ⅲ)without the co-cultured bacteria.By contrast,co-cultured with strain SMS11 significantly enhanced As tolerance in C.vulgaris especially with A:B ratio of 1:10.All the As(Ⅲ)in culture media of the consortia were oxidized into As(Ⅴ)on day 7.Methylation of As was observed on day 14.Over 1% and 0.5% of total As were converted into dimethylarsinic acid(DMA)after 21days cultivation when the initial concentrations of As(Ⅲ)were 1 and 10 mg/L,respectively.Metabolomic analysis was further performed to reveal the response of consortia metabolites to external As(Ⅲ).The enriched metabolomic pathways were associated with carbohydrate,amino acid and energy metabolisms.Tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were upregulated under As stress due to their biological functions on alleviating oxidative stress and protecting cells.Both carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms provided precursors and potential substrates for energy production and cell protection under abiotic stress.Alterations of the pathways relevant to carbohydrate or amino acid metabolism were triggered by energy requirement.

关键词： Microalgae Algal-bacterial consortia As(Ⅲ)-oxidizing bacteria Metabolomics Energy metabolism

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Effect of Al_(2)O_(3)fiber on twin intersections-induced dynamic recrystallization in fine-grained TiAl matrix composite

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 1-14页

作者： Yaofeng Luo Yan Wang Li Wang Bin Liu Yong Liu State Key laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Dynamic recrystallization(DRX)is of great significance for the thermomechanical processing and microstructural regulation of TiAl intermetallics.However,the underlying DRX mechanism remains poorly understood.In this study,an Avrami kinetics model for DRX was established,which was capable of predicting the DRX fraction accurately.In addition,the effect of Al_(2)O_(3)short fiber on the DRX mechanisms of TiAl matrix composite during the isothermal compression was investigated for the first time.The re-sults showed that other than inhibiting DRX by particles in the TiAl matrix composites,the addition of Al_(2)O_(3)short fiber accelerated a novel DRX process,which was induced by twinning and twin intersec-tions(TDRX).Thus,this composite exhibited a higher DRX rate than that of the as-cast TiAl monolithic alloy.The origin of the twin intersection and TDRX for the composite was revealed.The stress concentration near the Al_(2)O_(3)fiber was above the critical shear stress for twinning and thus was favorable for the formation of twinning and twin intersections.The high stored strain energy at the regions of twins and twin intersections provided the driving force for TDRX.TDRX accelerated the grain refinement in the TiAl matrix near the Al_(2)O_(3)fiber.The present findings would provide a new perspective on DRX mechanisms,and provide the scientific guidance for optimizing the microstructures of TiAl matrix composites.

关键词： TiAl matrix composite Al_(2)O_(3)fiber Twin intersection Dynamic recrystallization

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Developing Core-Shell Nano-Structures in FeCrAl-ODS Ferritic Alloys with the Co-Addition of Ni and Zr

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 364-372页

作者： Wenquan Ding Jieli Ma Yong Jiang Yiren Wang Huiqun Liu Key laboratory for Nonferrous Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China National Key laboratory for Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

A new Ni+Zr co-alloyed FeCrAl-ODS(oxide-dispersion-strengthened)ferritic alloy was fabricated by ball-milling and hot-isostatic-pressing.Using electron microscopy and atom probe tomography,the dispersive formation of high density core-shelled nano-particles of various sizes was confirmed with a common B2-NiAl shell.Among which,median-sized nano-particles(20-50 nm)typically have an Y_(4)Al_(2)O_(9)nano-core of<~20 nm,ultra-fine nano-particles(<~20)nm have an Y_(4)Zr_(3)O_(12)nano-core of<~10 nm,and larger-sized nano-particles(50-100 nm)incorporate an ultra-fine Y_(4)Al_(2)O_(9)nano-core and a few ultra-fine Y_(4)Zr_(3)O_(12)nano-oxides.All these nano-phases were highly coherent with the ferritic matrix.No large Y--Al-O nano-oxides were formed.The total number density of ultra-fine nano-particles was estimated as~2×10^(23)m^(-3)with a mean size of 6.3 nm only,and accordingly,the new alloy achieved an excellent combination of strength and ductility at high temperatures.

关键词： FeCrAl Oxide-dispersion-strengthened(ODS)alloy Mechanical alloying Nano-oxides Core-shell

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Ferroptosis:a critical mechanism of N^(6)-methyladenosine modification involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1119-1132页

作者： Qingqing Wei Changning Xue Mengna Li Jianxia Wei Lemei Zheng Shipeng Chen Yumei Duan Hongyu Deng Faqing Tang Wei Xiong Ming Zhou NHC Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410078China The Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education Central South UniversityChangsha 410078China Hunan Key laboratory of Oncotarget Gene Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer MetabolismHunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell necrosis induced by iron overload and lipid peroxidation.It occurs when multiple redoxactive enzymes are ectopically expressed or show abnormal function.Hence,the precise regulation of ferroptosis-related molecules is mediated across multiple levels,including transcriptional,posttranscriptional,translational,and epigenetic levels.N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is a highly evolutionarily conserved epigenetic modification in mammals.The m^(6)A modification is commonly linked to tumor proliferation,progression,and therapy resistance because it is involved in RNA metabolic processes.Intriguingly,accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated ferroptosis caused by the m^(6)A modification drives tumor development.In this review,we summarized the roles of m^(6)A regulators in ferroptosis-mediated malignant tumor progression and outlined the m^(6)A regulatory mechanism involved in ferroptosis pathways.We also analyzed the potential value and application strategies of targeting m^(6)A/ferroptosis pathway in the clinical diagnosis and therapy of tumors.

关键词： ferroptosis m6A modification RNA methylation m^(6)A regulator tumor progression

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Preheating-assisted solid-state friction stir repair of Al-Mg-Si alloy plate at different rotational speeds

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 725-736页

作者： Hui Wang Yidi Li Ming Zhang Wei Gong Ruilin Lai Yunping Li State Key laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Research Institute of Light Alloy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Additive friction stir deposition(AFSD)is a novel structural repair and manufacturing technology has become a research hotspot at home and abroad in the past five years.In this work,the microstructural evolution and mechanical performance of the Al-Mg-Si alloy plate repaired by the preheating-assisted AFSD process were investigated.To evaluate the tool rotation speed and substrate preheating for repair quality,the AFSD technique was used to additively repair 5 mm depth blind holes on 6061 aluminum alloy substrates.The results showed that preheat-assisted AFSD repair significantly improved joint bonding and joint strength compared to the control non-preheat substrate condition.Moreover,increasing rotation speed was also beneficial to improve the metallurgical bonding of the interface and avoid volume defects.Under preheating conditions,the UTS and elongation were positively correlated with rotation speed.Under the process parameters of preheated substrate and tool rotation speed of 1000 r/min,defect-free specimens could be obtained accompanied by tensile fracture occurring in the substrate rather than the repaired zone.The UTS and elongation reached the maximum values of 164.2MPa and 13.4%,which are equivalent to 99.4%and 140%of the heated substrate,respectively.

关键词： additive friction stir deposition structural repair tool rotation speed Al alloy

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Natural marmatite photocatalyst for treatment of mineral processing wastewater to help zero wastewater discharge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 83-91页

作者： Meirong Wu Wei Sun Xiangsong Meng Jianhua Kang Yue Yang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Mineral processing wastewater(MPW)with large discharge and high toxicity affects environmental safety,and the realizing zero discharge of MPW is of great significance for reducing environmental pollution,saving water resources,and promoting the sustainable development of the mining industry.In this study,we reported natural marmatite(NM)as a low-cost and efficient photocatalyst for the treatment of MPW to help zero wastewater discharge.The photocatalytic activity of NM was evaluated by the removal of total organic carbon(TOC)from MPW under visible-light illumination,and the optimal degradation conditions were discussed.Results showed that superoxide free radicals(^(·)O_(2)^(-))were the dominant active species responsible for organic pollutants degradation,and 74.25%TOC removal was obtained after 120 min reaction under the optimum treatment conditions.Meanwhile,the wastewater treated by NM photocatalysis can be reused in the flotation system without adverse impact on the product index.Based on these findings,a model of zero wastewater discharge for flotation with the help of photocatalytic treatment was established,it indicated that the water of the whole system can be balanced without affecting the ore dressing index,which showed that visible light-driven photocatalyst has a promising application prospect in the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater.

关键词： Natural mineral Photocatalysis Industrial wastewater Wastewater recycling Water balance

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Effectiveness of fecal DNA syndecan-2 methylation testing for detection of colorectal cancer in a high-risk Chinese population

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1361-1373页

作者： Wen-Feng Luo Yu-Ting Jiao Xiao-Ling Lin Ying Zhao Sheng-Bo Wang Jian Shen Jie Deng Yu-Feng Ye Ze-Ping Han Fang-Mei Xie Jin-Hua He Yu Wan central laboratory of Panyu central Hospital Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina South China Normal University-Panyu central Hospital Joint laboratory of Translational Medical Research Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina Digestive Disease Center Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina Shunde Vocational and Technical College Foshan 528300Guangdong ProvinceChina Medical Imaging Institute of Panyu Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide.Syndecan-2 methylation(mSDC2)testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum samples.Cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide.mSDC2 testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum samples.AIM To validate the effectiveness of fecal DNA mSDC2 testing in the detection of CRC among a high-risk Chinese population to provide evidence-based data for the development of diagnostic and/or screening guidelines for CRC in China.METHODS A high-risk Chinese cohort consisting of 1130 individuals aged 40-79 years was selected for evaluation via fecal mSDC2 testing.Sensitivity and specificity for CRC,advanced adenoma(AA)and advanced colorectal neoplasia(ACN)were determined.High-risk factors for the incidence of colorectal lesions were determined and a logistic regression model was constructed to reflect the efficacy of the test.RESULTS A total of 1035 high-risk individuals were included in this study according to established criteria.Among them,16 suffered from CRC(1.55%),65 from AA(6.28%)and 189 from non-AAs(18.26%);150 patients were diagnosed with polyps(14.49%).Diagnoses were established based upon colonoscopic and pathological examinations.Sensitivities of the mSDC2 test for CRC and AA were 87.50%and 40.00%,respectively;specificities were 95.61%for other groups.Positive predictive values of the mSDC2 test for CRC,AA and ACN were 16.09%,29.89%and 45.98%,respectively;the negative predictive value for CRC was 99.79%.After adjusting for other high-risk covariates,mSDC2 test positivity was found to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of ACN(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that offering fecal mSDC2 testing and colonoscopy in combination for CRC screening is effective for earlier detection of malignant colorectal lesions in a high-risk Chinese population.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Syndecan-2 DNA methylation Chinese population

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Orthogonal Combinatorial Raman Codes Enable Rapid High-Throughput-Out Library Screening of Cell-Targeting Ligands

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 199-208页

作者： Yuchen Tang Xingxing Zheng Tingjuan Gao China Key laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education College of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

High-throughput assays play an important role in the fields of drug discovery,genetic analysis,and clinical diagnostics.Although super-capacity coding strategies may facilitate labeling and detecting large numbers of targets in a single assay,practically,the constructed large-capacity codes have to be decoded with complicated procedures or are lack of survivability under the required reaction conditions.This challenge results in either inaccurate or insufficient decoding outputs.Here,we identified chemical-resistant Raman compounds to build a combinatorial coding system for the high-throughput screening of cell-targeting ligands from a focused 8-mer cyclic peptide library.The accurate in situ decoding results proved the signal,synthetic,and functional orthogonality for this Raman coding strategy.The orthogonal Raman codes allowed for a rapid identification of 63 positive hits at one time,evidencing a high-throughput-out capability in the screening process.We anticipate this orthogonal Raman coding strategy being generalized to enable efficient high-throughput-out screening of more useful ligands for cell targeting and drug discovery.

关键词： enable throughput allowed

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Role of adhesion molecules in cancer and targeted therapy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 940-957页

作者： Chunmei Fan Fang Xiong Shanshan Zhang Zhaojian Gong Qianjin Liao Guiyuan Li Can Guo Wei Xiong He Huang Zhaoyang Zeng NHC Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key laboratory of Cancer Metabolism Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410000China Department of Histology and Embryology Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China Department of Stomatology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410078China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410011China Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education Cancer Research InstituteCentral South UniversityChangsha 410078China

Adhesion molecules mediate cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions and transmit mechanical and chemical signals among them.Various mechanisms deregulate adhesion molecules in cancer,enabling tumor cells to proliferate without restraint,invade through tissue boundaries,escape from immune surveillance,and survive in the tumor microenvironment.Recent studies have revealed that adhesion molecules also drive angiogenesis,reshape metabolism,and are involved in stem cell self-renewal.In this review,we summarize the functions and mechanisms of adhesion molecules in cancer and the tumor microenvironment,as well as the therapeutic strategies targeting adhesion molecules.These studies have implications for furthering our understanding of adhesion molecules in cancer and providing a paradigm for exploring novel therapeutic approaches.

关键词： adhesion molecules tumor microenvironment invasion and metastasis reshaping metabolism angiogenesis immune evasion tumor stemness therapeutic strategy

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