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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 170-182页

作者： Gao-Yi Cheng Qian-Min Su Xi-Guang Cao Guo-Qiang Zhang School of Electronic and Electrical engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

Traditional particle identification methods face timeconsuming,experience-dependent,and poor repeatability challenges in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.Researchers urgently need solutions to the dilemma of traditional particle identification methods.This study explores the possibility of applying intelligent learning algorithms to the particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.Multiple intelligent algorithms,including XgBoost and TabNet,were selected to test datasets from the neutron ion multi-detector for reaction-oriented dynamics(NIMROD-ISiS)and Geant4 simulation.Tree-based machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms *** show excellent performance and generalization ability.Adding additional data features besides energy deposition can improve the algorithm’s performance when the data distribution is nonuniform.Intelligent learning algorithms can be applied to solve the particle identification problem in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.

关键词： Heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies Machine learning Ensemble learning algorithm Particle identification Data imbalance

Metabolic basis of solute carrier transporters in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 437-454页

作者： Jiamei Le Yilong Chen Wei Yang Ligong Chen Jianping Ye shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Zhoupu HospitalShanghai University of Medicine and Health SciencesShanghai 201318China School of Health Science and engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Metabolic Disease Research Center Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450007China School of Pharmaceutical sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Research Center for Basic Medicine Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Solute carriers(SLCs) constitute the largest superfamily of membrane transporter proteins.These transporters, present in various SLC families, play a vital role in energy metabolism by facilitating the transport of diverse substances, including glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides, and ions.They actively participate in the regulation of glucose metabolism at various steps, such as glucose uptake(e.g., SLC2A4/GLUT4), glucose reabsorption(e.g., SLC5A2/SGLT2), thermogenesis(e.g., SLC25A7/UCP-1), and ATP production(e.g., SLC25A4/ANT1 and SLC25A5/ANT2). The activities of these transporters contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Notably, SLC5A2 has emerged as a valid drug target for T2DM due to its role in renal glucose reabsorption, leading to groundbreaking advancements in diabetes drug discovery. Alongside SLC5A2, multiple families of SLC transporters involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis hold potential applications for T2DM therapy. SLCs also impact drug metabolism of diabetic medicines through gene polymorphisms, such as rosiglitazone(SLCO1B1/OATP1B1) and metformin(SLC22A1-3/OCT1-3 and SLC47A1, 2/MATE1, 2). By consolidating insights into the biological activities and clinical relevance of SLC transporters in T2DM, this review offers a comprehensive update on their roles in controlling glucose metabolism as potential drug targets.

关键词： Solute carriers(SLCs) Energ ymetabolism ATP production Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) Glucose homeostasis Polymorphisms

Through-polymer,via technology-enabled,flexible,lightweight,and integrated devices for implantable neural probes

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 279-291页

作者： Cunkai Zhou Ye Tian Gen Li Yifei Ye Lusha Gao Jiazhi Li Ziwei Liu Haoyang Su Yunxiao Lu Meng Li Zhitao Zhou Xiaoling Wei Lunming Qin Tiger H.Tao Liuyang Sun College of Electronics and Information engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghaiChina 2020 X-Lab Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina School of Graduate Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Neuroxess Co. Ltd.(Jiangxi)NanchangJiangxiChina Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology HengqinZhuhaiGuangdongChina Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Translational Research ShanghaiChina

In implantable electrophysiological recording systems,the headstage typically comprises neural probes that interface with brain tissue and integrated circuit chips for signal processing.While advancements in MEMS and CMOS technology have significantly improved these components,their interconnection still relies on conventional printed circuit boards and sophisticated adapters.This conventional approach adds considerable weight and volume to the package,especially for high channel count systems.To address this issue,we developed a through-polymer via(TPV)method inspired by the through-silicon via(TSV)technique in advanced three-dimensional packaging.This innovation enables the vertical integration of flexible probes,amplifier chips,and PCBs,realizing a flexible,lightweight,and integrated device(FLID).The total weight of the FLIDis only 25%that of its conventional counterparts relying on adapters,which significantly increased the activity levels of animals wearing the FLIDs to nearly match the levels of control animals without implants.Furthermore,by incorporating a platinum-iridium alloy as the top layer material for electrical contact,the FLID realizes exceptional electrical performance,enabling in vivo measurements of both local field potentials and individual neuron action potentials.These findings showcase the potential of FLIDs in scaling up implantable neural recording systems and mark a significant advancement in the field of neurotechnology.

关键词： alloy neural recording

Investigation on the Novel High-performance Copper/Graphene Composite Conductor for High Power Density Motor

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第1期8卷 80-85页

作者： Jiaxiao Wang Tingting Zuo Jiangli Xue Yadong Ru Yue Wu Zhuang Xu Yongsheng Liu Zhaoshun Gao Puqi Ning Tao Fan Xuhui Wen Li Han Liye Xiao shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090Chinaand the Institute of Electrical EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200090China the Institute of Electrical engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China with shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090China

High-performance Cu/Graphene composite wire synergistically strengthened by nano Cr_(3)C_(2) phase was directly synthesized via hot press sintering followed by severe cold plastic deformation, using liquid paraffin and CuCr alloy powder as the raw materials. Since graphene is in situ formed under the catalysis of copper powder during the sintering process, the problem that graphene is easy to agglomerate and difficult to disperse uniformly in the copper matrix has been solved. The nano Cr_(3)C_(2)-particles nailed at the interface favor to improve the interface bonding. The Cu/Graphene composite possesses high electrical conductivity, hardness, and plasticity. The composite wire exhibits high electrical conductivity of 96.93% IACS, great tensile strength of 488MPa, and excellent resistance to softening. Even after annealing at 400℃ for 1 h, the tensile strength can still reach 268 MPa with a conductivity of about 99.14% IACS.The wire's temperature coefficient of resistance(TCR) is largely reduced to 0.0035/℃ due to the complex structure,which leads the wire to present low resistivity at higher temperatures. Such Cu/Graphene composite wire with excellent comprehensive performance has a good application prospect in high-power density motors.

关键词： Cu/Graphene composite Mechanical properties Electrical property Microstructure Temperature coefficient of resistance

RIPK1 plays a crucial role in maintaining regulatory T-Cell homeostasis by inhibiting both RIPK3-and FADD-mediated cell death

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 80-90页

作者： Xiaoxue Deng Lingxia Wang Yunze Zhai Qiuyue Liu Fengxue Du Yu Zhang Wenxing Zhao Tingtao Wu Yiwen Tao Jie Deng Yongbing Cao Pei Hao Jiazi Ren Yunli Shen Zuoren Yu Yuejuan Zheng Haibing Zhang Haikun Wang State Key Laboratory of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200120China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology Shanghai Institute of Immunity and InfectionChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition Metabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and BiosecurityShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China Institute of Vascular Disease Shanghai TCM-Integrated HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200433China

Regulatory T(T_(reg))cells play an essential role in maintaining immune balance across various physiological and pathological conditions.However,the mechanisms underlying T_(reg)homeostasis remain incompletely understood.Here,we report that RIPK1 is crucial for T_(reg) cell survival and homeostasis.We generated mice with T_(reg) cell-specific ablation of Ripk1 and found that these mice developed fatal systemic autoimmunity due to a dramatic reduction in the Treg cell compartment caused by excessive cell death.Unlike conventional T cells,Treg cells with Ripk1 deficiency were only partially rescued from cell death by blocking FADD-dependent apoptosis.However,simultaneous removal of both Fadd and Ripk3 completely restored the homeostasis of Ripk1-deficient Treg cells by blocking two cell death pathways.Thus,our study highlights the critical role of RIPK1 in regulating Treg cell homeostasis by controlling both apoptosis and necroptosis,thereby providing novel insights into the mechanisms of Treg cell homeostasis.

关键词： Treg cell Homeostasis Apoptosis Necroptosis

Decoupling of temporal/spatial broadening effects in Doppler wind LiDAR by 2D spectral analysis

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 447-452页

作者：刘珍张云鹏竹孝鹏刘继桥毕德仓陈卫标 Space Laser engineering Department Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Pulse echo accumulation is commonly employed in coherent Doppler wind LiDAR(light detection and ranging)under the assumption of steady wind.Here,the measured spectral data are analyzed in the time dimension and frequency dimension to cope with the temporal wind shear and achieve the optimal accumulation time.A hardware-efficient algorithm combining the interpolation and cross-correlation is used to enhance the wind retrieval accuracy by reducing the frequency sampling interval and then reduce the spectral width calculation error.Moreover,the temporal broadening effect and spatial broadening effect are decoupled according to the strategy we developed.

关键词： Doppler wind LiDAR spectral analysis hardware efficiency spectrum broadening effects

Response Evaluation Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Unresectable Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Plus Anti-PD-1 Antibody Therapy

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Simulation of liquid cone formation on the tip apex of indium field emission electric propulsion thrusters

Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 2024年第1期50卷 142-149页

作者： Zhao C.-K. Guan X. Pu Y.-Y. Zhou B.-Y. Wang L.-F. Sun Y.-K. Yin H.-H. Xia H.-S. Wang X. Han H. Xu H.-X. Department of Ultrasound Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging Shanghai China central Laboratory and Department of Medical Ultrasound Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Objective: The aim of the work described here was to evaluate the role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in response evaluation for unresectable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody therapy. Methods: A prospective cohort of consecutive patients with HCC who received combined TKI/anti-PD-1 antibody treatment for unresectable HCC between January 2022 and October 2022 was included in this study. The patients underwent unenhanced ultrasound (US) and CEUS examinations before treatment and at follow-up. Changes in the largest diameters of the target tumor on unenhanced US and the largest diameters of the enhancing target tumors on CEUS were evaluated. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 with unenhanced US and magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography (MRI/CT) and modified RECIST (mRECIST) with CEUS and CEMRI/CT were used to assess treatment response. Results: A total of 24 HCC patients (23 men and 1 woman; mean age: 56.5 ± 8.5 y; Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C, 62.5%; 29 intrahepatic target tumors) were studied. Calculations of degree of necrosis in the target tumors revealed no significant differences between CEUS and CEMRI/CT (44.5 ± 36.2% vs. 45.3 ± 36.8%, p = 0.862). As for the differentiation of responders from non-responders, the agreement between RECIST version 1.1 of unenhanced US and mRECIST-CEUS was poor (κ coefficient = 0.233). Meanwhile, there was a high degree of concordance between mRECIST-CEUS and mRECIST-CEMRI/CT (κ coefficient = 0.812). Conclusion: CEUS proved to be superior to baseline US and is comparable to CEMRI/CT in defining treatment outcome for combined TKI/anti-PD-1 antibody therapy. © 2023 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

关键词： Anti-angiogenic therapy Anti-PD-1 antibody Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 146-155页

作者：孙逸鸣邓涵文刘欣宇康小明 School of Mechanical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Innovation academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China

Field emission electric propulsion(FEEP) thrusters possess excellent characteristics, such as high specific impulse, low power requirements, compact size and precise pointing capabilities,making them ideal propulsion devices for micro-nano satellites. However, the detection of certain aspects, such as the evolution process of the liquid cone and the physical quantities at the cone apex, proves challenging due to the minute size of the needle tip and the vacuum environment in which they operate. Consequently, this paper introduces a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model to gain insight into the formation process of the liquid cone on the tip apex of indium FEEP. The CFD model is based on electrohydrodynamic(EHD) equations and the volume of fluid(VOF) method. The entire cone formation process can be divided into three stages, and the time-dependent characteristics of the physical quantities at the cone apex are investigated. The influences of film thickness, apex radius size and applied voltage are compared.The results indicate a gradual increase in the values of electrostatic stress and surface tension stress at the cone apex over an initial period, followed by a rapid escalation within a short duration.Apex configurations featuring a small radius, thick film and high voltage exhibit a propensity for liquid cone formation, and the cone growth time decreases as the film thickness increases.Moreover, some unstable behavior is observed during the cone formation process.

关键词： FEEP needle emitter liquid cone formation CFD simulation

Passive imaging through dense scattering media

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 134-140页

作者： YAOMING BIAN FEI WANG YUANZHE WANG ZHENFENG FU HAISHAN LIU HAIMING YUAN GUOHAI SITU shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China

Imaging through non-static and optically thick scattering media such as dense fog,heavy smoke,and turbid water is crucial in various applications.However,most existing methods rely on either active and coherent light illumination,or image priors,preventing their application in situations where only passive illumination is possible.In this study we present a universal passive method for imaging through dense scattering media that does not depend on any prior information.Combining the selection of small-angle components out of the incoming information-carrying scattering light and image enhancement algorithm that incorporates timedomain minimum filtering and denoising,we show that the proposed method can dramatically improve the signal-to-interference ratio and contrast of the raw camera image in outfield experiments.

关键词： scattering media illumination

Tumor microenvironment-responsive arsenic-loaded layered double hydroxides film with synergistic anticancer and bactericidal activity

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1207-1221页

作者： Shun Xing Dong-Hui Wang Hai-Feng Zhang Li-Dan Liu Cheng-Ce Li Chao Wei Jun-Yu Liu Nai-Jian Ge Xuan-Yong Liu State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Intervention Center Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China School of Health sciences and Biomedical engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China

Malignant obstruction makes gallbladder cancer have a high mortality rate.Nickel-titanium alloy(nitinol)stents are commonly used as a local intervention to maximize patient survival time,but the stents lack antitumor and antibacterial capacity and are vulnerable to secondary obstruction.Arsenic-based drugs show good therapeutic promise against gallbladder cancer.To meet clinical needs.the layered double hydroxides(LDHs)film is constructed on the nitinol,whose arsenite loading amounts rose by 60%after simple heat treatment compared with the conventional anion-exchange strategy.In addition,calcination promotes the dissolution of nickel ions from the LDHs lattice,resulting in a powerful synergistic killing effect on tumor cells together with the released arsenic.More importantly,the calcined arsenic-loaded LDHs are sensitive to the acidic microenvironment of tumor tissues,which presents a much lower arsenic and nickel release amount in the normal tissues,guaranteeing its biosafety.Meanwhile,the vertically sharp LDHs nanosheets can synergize with arsenic to achieve effective physical cleavage and chemical killing of adherent and planktonic bacteria.In short,we attempt to use arsenic drugs for local interventions and reasonably avoid their toxic side effects,which provides a new design idea for nitinol stents applied in the treatment of gallbladder cancer.

关键词： Nitinol Layered double hydroxides Arsenic Gallbladder cancer