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Changes in cropland topsoil organic carbon with different fertilizations under long-term agro-ecosystem experiments across China's Mainland

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 858-867页

作者： WANG ChengJi PAN GenXing TIAN YouGuo LI LianQing ZHANG XuHui HAN XiaoJun Institute of Resources Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China center of soil and fertilizer quality monitoring and test Agricultural Ministry of ChinaBeijing 100026China

Topsoil soil organic carbon(SOC) data were collected from long-term Chinese agro-ecosystem experiments presented in 76 reports with measurements over 1977 and *** data set comprised 481 observations(135 rice paddies and 346 dry croplands) of SOC under different fertilization schemes at 70 experimental sites(28 rice paddies and 42 dry croplands).The data set covered 16 dominant soil types found in croplands across 23 provinces of China's *** fertilization schemes were grouped into six categories:N(inorganic nitrogen fertilizer only),NP(compound inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers),NPK(compound inorganic nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers),O(organic fertilizers only),OF(combined inorganic/organic fertilization) and Others(other unbalanced fertilizations such as P only,K only,P plus K and N plus K).Relative change in SOC content was analyzed,and rice paddies and dry croplands soils were *** was an overall temporal increase in topsoil SOC content,and relative annual change(RAC,g kg-1 yr-1) ranged -0.14-0.60(0.13 on average) for dry cropland soils and -0.12-0.70(0.19 on average) for rice *** content increase was higher in rice paddies than in dry *** increased across experimental sites,but was higher under organic fertilization and combined organic/inorganic fertilizations than chemical *** increase was higher under balanced chemical fertilizations with compound N,P and K fertilizers than unbalanced fertilizations such as N only,N plus P,and N plus *** effects of specific rational fertilizations on SOC increase persisted for 15 years in dry croplands and 20 years in rice paddies,although RAC values decreased generally as the experiment duration ***,the extension of rational fertilization in China's croplands may offer a technical option to enhance C sequestration potential and to sustain long-term crop productivity.

关键词： long-term agro-ecosystem experiments fertilization croplands soil organic carbon carbon sequestration cross site analysis

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Treating wastewater under zero waste principle using wetland mesocosms

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 155-168页

作者： Safaa M.Ezzat Mohammed T.Moustafa Microbiology Deptartment Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring(CLEQM)National Water Research Center(NWRC)CairoEgypt

The present investigation demonstrates the synergistic action of using a sedimentation unit together with Cyperus papyrus(L.)wetland enriched with zeolite mineral in one-year round experiment for treating *** system was designed to support a horizontal surface flow pattern and showed satisfactory removal efficiencies for both physicochemical and bacteriological contaminants within 3 days of residence *** removal efficiencies ranged between 76.3%and 98.8%for total suspended solids,turbidity,iron,biological oxygen demand,and *** bacterial indicators(total and fecal coliforms,as well as fecal streptococci)and the potential pathogens(Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)showed removal efficiencies ranged between 96.9%and 99.8%.We expect the system to offer a smart management for every component according to zero waste *** treated effluent was reused to irrigate the landscape of pilot area,and the excess sludge was recycled as fertilizer and soil *** zeolite mineral did not require regeneration for almost 36 weeks of operation,and enhanced the density of shoots(14.11%)and the height of shoots(15.88%).The harvested plant biomass could be a profitable resource for potent antibacterial and antioxidant bioactive *** could certainly offset part of the operation and maintenance costs and optimize the system implementation *** the experiment was designed under local conditions,its results could provide insights to upgrade and optimize the performance of other analogous large-scale constructed wetlands.

关键词： Wastewater Dynamic roughing filter Cyperus papyrus(L.) Zeolite Zero waste

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Short-term effects of organic amendments on soil fertility and root growth of rubber trees on Hainan Island, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2137-2144页

作者： Yanyan Huang Yudan Jing Meirong Bei Hongzhu Yang Zhengzao Cha Qinghuo Lin Wei Luo Rubber Research Institute CATAS/Soil and Fertilizer Research CenterCATASDanzhou 571737HainanPeople’s Republic of China

Rubber[Hevea brasiliensis(*** ***.)Mü***.]plantations are the largest cultivated forest type in tropical *** organic materials to the soil will help to maintain the quality and growth of rubber *** many studies have demonstrated that organic waste materials can be used to improve soil fertility and structure to promote root growth,few studies have studied the eff ects of organic amendments on soil fertility and root growth in rubber tree ***,bagasse,coconut husk or biochar were applied with a chemical fertilizer to test their eff ects on soil properties after 6 months and compared with the eff ects of only the chemical *** showed that the soil organic matter content,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium after the chemical fertilizer(F)treatment were all signifi cantly lower than after the chemical fertilizer+bagasse(Fba),chemical fertilizer+coconut husk(Fco)or chemical fertilizer+biochar(Fbi)(psoil pH in all organic amendments was higher than in the F treatment,but was only signifi cantly higher in the Fbi *** contrast,soil bulk density in the F treatment was signifi cantly higher than in treatments with the organic amendments(psoil root dry mass increased signifi-cantly by 190%,176%and 33%in Fba,Fco and Fbi treatments,respectively(psoil fertility and promoted root growth of rubber trees in the short ***,bagasse and coconut husk were more eff ective than biochar in improving root growth of rubber trees.

关键词： Organic waste Root development Rubber tree soil fertility

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Copper pollution decreases the resistance of soil microbial community to subsequent dry–rewetting disturbance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第1期28卷 155-164页

作者： Jing Li Jun-Tao Wang Hang-Wei Hu Yi-Bing Ma Li-Mei Zhang Ji-Zheng He State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne National soil Fertility and fertilizer Effects Long-term monitoring Network Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Dry–rewetting（DW） disturbance frequently occurs in soils due to rainfall and irrigation, and the frequency of DW cycles might exert significant influences on soil microbial communities and their mediated functions. However, how microorganisms respond to DW alternations in soils with a history of heavy metal pollution remains largely ***, soil laboratory microcosms were constructed to explore the impacts of ten DW cycles on the soil microbial communities in two contrasting soils（fluvo-aquic soil and red soil）under three copper concentrations（zero, medium and high）. Results showed that the fluctuations of substrate induced respiration（SIR） decreased with repeated cycles of DW alternation. Furthermore, the resistance values of substrate induced respiration（RS-SIR）were highest in non-copper-stressed（zero） soils. Structural equation model（SEM） analysis ascertained that the shifts of bacterial communities determined the changes of RS-SIR in both soils. The rate of bacterial community variance was significantly lower in noncopper-stressed soil compared to the other two copper-stressed（medium and high） soils,which might lead to the higher RS-SIR in the fluvo-aquic soil. As for the red soil, the substantial increase of the dominant group WPS-2 after DW disturbance might result in the low RS-SIR in the high copper-stressed soil. Moreover, in both soils, the bacterial diversity was highest in non-copper-stressed soils. Our results revealed that initial copper stress could decrease the resistance of soil microbial community structure and function to subsequent DW disturbance.

关键词： Copper stress Dry–rewetting disturbance Bacterial community Substrate induced respiration Resistance

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Nutritional quality of different potassium efficiency types of vegetable soybean as affected by potassium nutrition

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Food quality and Safety 2022年第2期6卷 214-224页

作者： Changkai Liu Xue Wang Heng Chen Houyu Xia Bingjie Tu Yansheng Li Qiuying Zhang Xiaobing Liu Key Laboratory of Mllisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbinChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeiingChina Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesHarbinChina Mollisols Protection and monitoring center Jilin Soil and Fertilizer StationJilinChina

Pot experiments were conducted in 2017,2019,and 2020 to examine the effects of potassium nutrition on the nutritional components of vege-table soybeans with different K efficiency at immature and mature *** vegetable soybean varieties with higher K efficiency and two varieties with lower K efficiency were studied in the low available K soil under the conditions of no K and normal K *** results indicated that almost all nutritional components in vegetable soybean were affected by K,genotypes,interannual differences,and their *** general,no K fertilization increased protein and amino acid concentrations but decreased oil,soluble sugar,sucrose,K,Mg,and Fe concentrations in immature and mature vegetable *** sensitivity of nutritional components to K nutrition differed among *** instance,K high-efficiency varieties generally exhibited higher protein and amino acid concentrations without K application.K high-efficiency vegetable soybeans are low-K tolerance varieties to *** results of this study provide insights for high yield and quality vegetable soybean breeding against soil K deficiency.

关键词： Vegetable soybean amino acids isflavones sucrose potassium nutritional quality

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Effect of shrub-grass vegetation coverage and slope gradient on runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第1期36卷 29-37页

作者： Dandan Han Jingcheng Deng Chaojun Gu Xingmin Mu Peng Gao Jianjian Gao State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University Yangtze River Basin monitoring center Station for soil and Water Conservation Changjiang Water Resources Commission Suide test Station of Water and soil Conservation Yellow River Conservancy Committee of the Ministry of Water Resources

Evaluating the benefits of sediment and runoff reduction in different vegetation types is essential for studying the mechanisms of soil and water conservation on the Loess *** experiment was conducted in shrub-grass plots with nine levels of mixed vegetation coverage from 0% to 70%,three slopes(10°,15°,and 20°) and two rainfall intensities(1.0 and 2.5 mm/min).The results showed that the vegetation coverage and slope gradient significantly affect runoff and sediment ***-grass vegetation coverage had a significant effect on the runoff start-time,runoff flow velocity,runoff rate,and soil erosion rate on *** vegetation coverage could effectively delay the runoff starttime and decrease the runoff flow ***,the effects of the slope gradient on runoff and sediment yield are opposite to those of vegetation ***-grass vegetation coverage could effectively increase runoff and sediment yield reduction benefits,while their benefits were affected by the rainfall *** the 1.0 mm/min rainfall intensity,the reduction in the sediment production rate was greater than that under the 2.5 mm/min ***,when the shrub-grass vegetation coverage exceeded 42%,the runoff reduction benefit was more obvious at higher rainfall *** cumulative sediment yield increased with increasing cumulative runoff,and the rate of increase in the cumulative runoff was greater than that of the cumulative sediment yield with increasing of shrub-grass vegetation ***,there was a power function relationship between cumulative sediment yield and cumulative runoff yield(P <0.05).Our paper is expected to provide a good reference on the ecological environment and vegetation construction on the Loess Plateau.

关键词： Simulated rainfall Shrub-grass coverage Slope Runoff and sediment yield

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Flow regime changes in three catchments with different landforms following ecological restoration in the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第1期12卷 44-57页

作者： LUO Zhidong LIU Erjia QI Shi ZHAO Nan SUN Yun College of soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Water and soil Conservation monitoring center of Ministry of Water Resources Beijing 100053China Key Laboratory of soil and Water Conservation of State Forestry Administration Beijing 100083China Engineering Research center of Forestry Ecological Engineering Ministry of EducationBeijing 100083China Shanxi Institute of soil and Water Conservation Taiyuan 030045China

The Chinese Loess Plateau is known as one of the most severe soil erosion regions in the *** ecological restoration projects,i.e.,the integrated soil conservation project since the 1970s and the''Grain for Green''project since 1999,have been progressively implemented to control the soil erosion in this *** restoration has greatly changed flow regime over the past five ***,the mechanism of how flow regime responds to ecological restoration among landforms remains poorly *** this study,we investigated the temporal dynamics of flow regime in three catchments,i.e.,Wuqi,Honghe and Huangling hydrological stations,respectively representing the loess hilly-gully,loess table-gully and rocky mountain(covered by secondary forest)areas in the Chinese Loess Plateau,using daily hydrological data during the 1960s–*** nonparametric Mann-Kendall test,Pettitt's test and daily flow series were used to investigate the changes of flow *** negative trends of annual streamflow were detected at the Wuqi and Honghe stations,except for the Huangling *** annual baseflow at the Wuqi station showed a significantly positive trend whereas a significantly negative trend was observed at the Honghe station,and there was no significant trend at the Huangling *** was interesting that baseflow index significantly increased during the whole period in all ***,the trends and change points of daily flow series derived by different percentages of exceedance and extreme series in different consecutive days varied among *** on the change points analysis of annual streamflow,we divided data series into three periods,i.e.,the baseline period(from 1959 and 1963 to 1979,PI),the integrated soil conservation period(1980–1999,PII)and the''Grain for Green''period(2000–2011,PIII).We found that streamflow decreased due to the reduction of high streamflow(exceeding 5%of time within a year)and median streamflow(50%)

关键词： change point extreme series hydrological data soil erosion streamflow changes

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Enhanced remediation of chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil by immobilized strain Bacillus H27

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 172-184页

作者： Changrui Liu Shengfang Wen Shuhan Li Yu Tian Lanjun Wang Lusheng Zhu Jun Wang Young Mo Kim Jinhua Wang National Engineering Research center for Efficient Utilization of soil and fertilizer Resources Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of ShandongCollege of Resources and EnvironmentShandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeongdong-guSeoul 04763Korea

Chlorpyrifos is a pesticide widely used in agricultural production with a relatively long residual half-life in *** the problem of residual chlorpyrifos is of universal *** this study,rice hull biochar was used as an immobilized carrier to prepare the immobilized strain H27 for the remediation of chlorpyrifos-contamination *** microorganisms after remediation were investigated by ecotoxicological *** immobilized strain H27 had the highest removal rate of chlorpyrifos when 10%bacterial solution was added to the liquid medium containing 0.075-0.109 mm diameter biochar cultured for 22 *** study on the removal of chlorpyrifos by immobilized strain H27 showed that the initial concentration of chlorpyrifos in solution was 25mg/L,and the removal rate reached 97.4%after 7 days of *** the soil,the removal rate of the immobilized bacteria group increased throughout the experiment,which was significantly higher than that of the free bacteria and biochar treatment *** Biolog-ECO test,T-RFLP and RT-RCR were used to study the effects of the soil microbial community and nitrogen cycling functional genes during chlorpyrifos *** was found that ICP group had the highest diversity index among the four treatment *** microflora of segment containing 114 bp was the dominant bacterial community,and the dominant microflora of the immobilized bacteria group was more evenly *** influence of each treatment group on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)was greater than on ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA).This study offers a sound scientific basis for the practical application of immobilized bacteria to reduce residual soil pesticides.

关键词： Chlorpyrifos Immobilized microorganisms soil remediation soil microorganism

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Three-dimensional heterogeneous electro-Fenton system with reduced graphene oxide based particle electrode for Acyclovir removal

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第1期35卷 424-430页

作者： Nan Cai Ge Bai Ting Zhang Yongqian Lei Pengran Guo Zhiliang Chen Jingwei Xu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency test Technology Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Online Monitoring of Water PollutionInstitute of AnalysisGuangdong Academy of Sciences(China National Analytical CenterGuangzhou)Guangzhou 510070China College of Petrochemical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730000China Guangdong Engineering Technology Research center of Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Restoration in Farmland soil South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMEEGuangzhou 510535China

New pollutant pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs),especially antiviral drugs,have received increasing attention not only due to their increase in usage after the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemics but also due to their adverse impacts on water ecological ***-Fenton technology is an effective method to remove PPCPs from *** particle electrodes(MMT/rGO/Fe_(3)O_(4))were synthesized by depositing Fe3O4 nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide modified montmorillonite and acted as catalysts to promote oxidation performance in a three-dimensional electro-Fenton(3D-EF)*** electrodes combined the catalytic property of Fe3O4,hydrophilicity of montmorillonite and electrical conductivity of graphene oxides,and applied for the degradation of Acyclovir(ACV)with high efficiency and ease of *** optimal condition,the degradation rate of ACV reached 100%within 120 min,and the applicable pH range could be 3 to 11 in the 3D-EF *** stability and reusability of MMT/rGO/Fe_(3)O_(4)particle electrodes were also studied,the removal rate of ACV remained at 92%after 10 cycles,which was just slightly lower than that of the first *** degradation mechanisms were also proposed by methanol quenching tests and FT-ICR-MS.

关键词： Advanced oxidation Three-dimensional electro-Fenton Reduced graphene oxide Acyclovir(ACV) Degradation

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Effects of long-term green manure application on the content and structure of dissolved organic matter in red paddy soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1852-1860页

作者： GAO Song-juan GAO Ju-sheng CAO Wei-dong ZOU Chun-qin HUANG Jing BAI Jinshun DOU Fu-gen College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Center for ResourcesEnvironment and Food Security/Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193P.R.China Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Red soil Experimental Station in Hengyang Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQiyang 426182P.R.China soil and fertilizer Institute Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesQinghai UniversityXining 810016P.R.China Texas A&M Agri Life Research center at Beaumont Texas77713USA

Dissolved organic matter(DOM) plays important roles in soil biogeochemistry activity and nutrients transportation in soils, but studies regarding the long-term effects of green manures on the content and structure of DOM in red paddy soil have not been reported yet. A long-term green manure experiment established in 1982 was utilized to test the DOM contents in different treatments, and the spectral characteristics of DOM were investigated by using ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectrometry. The experiment included four cropping systems: ricerice-milk vetch(RRV), rice-rice-rape(RRP), rice-rice-ryegrass(RRG) and rice-rice-winter fallow(RRF), among them, milk vetch, rape, and ryegrass are popular winter green manure species in southern China. The results showed that the content of dissolved organic carbon(DOC), which is widely used to estimate the concentration of DOM, was significantly promoted after the incorporation of green manures compared with the other sampling stages. The contents of aromatic groups and the degree of humification of DOM increased in RRV and RRP, suggesting more complex compositions of the soil DOM after long-term application of milk vetch and rape. The contents of phenol, alcohol and carboxylic acid group at the mature stage of early rice were significantly higher than those at the stage of after green manures turned over, especially for the RRV treatment. The absorption ratio of FTIR indicated that winter plantation of rape increased the aromatic-C/aliphatic-C ratio, and ryegrass increased the aromatic-C/carboxyl-C ratio. In conclusion, long-term planting of milk vetch and rape as green manures increased the degree of aromaticity, humification and average molecular weight of DOM, and made the DOM more stable in red paddy soil.

关键词： green manure red paddy soil dissolved organic matter ultraviolet-visible spectra Fourier transform infrared spectra

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