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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Jianxin Tian Jingru Liao Biluan Zhong Pan Li Xiaoqian Liu Bing Du Guanzhan Fish Maw Nutrition and security Research center College of food Science South China Agricultural University Guangdong Shenzhiyuan health Technology Co. Ltd.

Delaying skin-aging through diet is a hot research topic in recent years， but the anti-aging effects of fish gelatin and related mechanisms are not well understood. In this study， we prepared edible fish gelatin from the swim bladder of Cynoscion acoupa using three different processing methods， namely dried (DCM)， soaked (SCM) and instanted (ICM)， to investigate its anti-aging effects and mechanisms on D-galactose induced skin aging in mice， as well as its effects on the gut microbiota. The results demonstrated that fish gelatin significantly increased water content， collagen， hyaluronic acid (HA) and hyaluronic acid (HYP) content， and skin integrity of mice skin， as well as enhanced the antioxidative ability and anti-inflammatory capacity of the skin. In terms of protein and mRNA expression levels in skin tissue， CMs treated with different treatments can up-regulate the expression of EGFR and TIMP1， down-regulating the expression of MMP1 and MMP3， and increase the expression of COL3A1 and COL1A2. CMs attenuated the D-galactose-mediated inhibition collagen expression by stimulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway， thereby maintaining collagen matrix homeostasis. In addition， we revealed that CMs reversed gut micribiota by increase the abundance of intestinal flora. In conclusion， we demonstrated that CMs， especially for ICM， as an effective dietary supplement， have potential anti-aging and skin health benefits.

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New food Sources and Production Systems: A Comparison of International Regulations and China’s Advancements in Novel foods with Synthetic Biology

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xin Liu Di Wu Yi Shao Yongning Wu Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education) College of food Science and Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Institute for Global food security School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Department of Nutrition and food Safety Peking Union Medical College Research Unit of food Safety Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences NHC Key Laboratory of food Safety Risk Assessment China National center for food Safety Risk Assessment

The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems， including cell-based meat， plant-based food products， precision fermentation， and 3D food printing. These advancements pose regulatory challenges and opportunities， with China emerging as a critical player in adopting and regulating new food technologies. This review explores the international landscape of new food sources and production systems， focusing on China’s role and regulatory approaches compared to global practices. Through this comparative analysis， we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on food safety regulation， offering insights and recommendations for policymakers， industry stakeholders， and researchers engaged in the global food system’s evolution. This comprehensive overview underscores the dynamic nature of regulatory frameworks governing NFPS， highlighting the international efforts to ensure food safety， consumer protection， and the sustainable evolution of the food industry.

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Milling degree affects the fermentation properties of rice:perspectives from the composition of nutrients and gut microbiota via in vitro fermentation

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1578-1588页

作者： Yu Zhang Fan Li Shutong Pan Bing Bai Kai Huang Sen Li Hongwei Cao Tian Xie Jian Xie Xiao Guan School of health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China National Grain Industry(Urban Grain and Oil security)Technology Innovation center Shanghai 200093China Nutrition&health Research Institute Co.Ltd. COFCO CorporationBeijing 102209China China Grain Wuhan Scientific Research&Design Institute Co.Ltd. Wuhan 430079China

Fermentation substrates of rice with different milling degrees(MDs) were prepared and fermented with human feces to compare their fermentation properties and effects on gut microbiota.MD 0s,MD 5s and MD 60s represented brown rice,moderately-milled rice and white rice,respectively.After in vitro fermentation,the MD 5s group showed higher starch utilization,compared with the MD 0s and 60s groups evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and confocal laser scanning microscope.Effects of fermentation substrates of rice with different MDs on gut microbiota were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing.All the sample groups reduced the pH and produced short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids.The MD 5s group exhibited higher α-diversity than the MD 0s and 60s groups.Abundances of Phascolarctobacterium,Blautia and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae were higher in the MD 0s and 5s groups,compared with the MD 60s group.These bacteria were also positively correlated with the SCFAs production via Spearman correlation analysis.In vitro culture assay revealed that fermentation substrates of MD 0s and 5s promoted the growth of two probiotics(Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium adolescentis).Our results showed that moderate milling might be an appropriate way to produce rice products with richer nutrients and better fermentation properties.

关键词： Rice processing Milling Whole grains Gut microbiota

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Catechins promoted Enterococcus faecalis to alleviate related indices of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mice induced by high-fat diet

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ying Zhang Yaqin Zhou Ming Zhou Xiao Guan School of health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil security) Technology Innovation center MDO Smarter Grain Technology Co. Ltd.

This study provides different opinion for exploring the mechanism of catechin (CAT) relieving nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)， it is more innovative to explore from the perspective of intestinal microorganism. Through in vitro fermentation experiments， CAT could improve the abundance of Enterococcus， and Enterococcus faecalis (EF) accounts for the vast majority of Enterococcus in human gut. The experimental results in vivo showed that EF group and CAT+EF group could reduce the body weight， liver weight and epididymal fat weight of NASH mice， and improve the changes of serum and liver indexes. HE staining observation showed that these two groups have greatly improved the fatty degeneration， balloon degeneration and necrotic focus caused by NASH. The alleviation of CAT+EF group was more obvious. Results of targeted metabonomics showed that CAT could promote EF to produce more methyl palmitate (MP， C16:0)， which plays a great role in relieving NASH. Our results indicated that EF could alleviate NASH and CAT+EF group had better alleviation may due to more production of MP by EF. This study provides a new idea for CAT to alleviate NASH.

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Oat avenanthramide B alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity via regulating fatty acid metabolism involved in gut bacteria and fungi remodeling

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yongyong Liu Kai Huang Xiao Guan Sen Li Hongdong Song Ying Zhang Yu Zhang Zhu Sun Zhiquan Yu School of health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil security) Technology Innovation center Inner Mongolia Yangufang Whole Grain Industry Development Co. Ltd.

Oat avenanthramides (AVNs) have been found to exhibit novel lipid-lowering effects. However， the mechanism remains unclear. In this study， the effect of avenanthramide B (AVN B)， as one of the major AVNs， on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice was investigated. Results showed that AVN B significantly inhibited weight gain and improved hepatic and serum lipid biochemical indices. Hepatic RNA-Sequencing analysis suggested that AVN B significantly modulates fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Hepatic real-time qualitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot results indicated that AVN B could alleviate FA synthesis by activating the AMPK- SREBP1c-FAS， and increase FA oxidation by activating the AMPK/CPT1A and PPARα. Additionally， AVN B had a regulating effect on ileum lipid metabolism by inhibiting intestinal cell differentiation and down-regulating the expression levels of FA absorption-related protein and gene. Moreover， AVN B promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria and fungi such as Coriobacteriaceae＿UCG-002， Parvibacter， Enterococcus， and Aspergillus， while decreasing the abundance of Roseburia， unclassified＿f＿Lachnospiraceae Cladosporium， Eurotium， unclassified＿f＿Aspergillaceae and unclassified＿f＿Ceratocystidaceae. All these results provided new points of the lipid-lowing mechanism of AVNs and oats via the gut-liver axis.

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Trade-off analyses between food provision and soil conservation service of Grain for Green Program in Mountainous Area

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 43-53页

作者： Yawen Li Yuxiang Li Xingwu Duan Zhongyin Cai Ya Li Baiyun He Long Yin Institute of International River and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming650091PR China Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-boundary Eco-security Kunming650091PR China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049PR China

The Grain for Green Program and soil and water conservation engineering initiatives are crucial for controlling erosion in steep-slope agriculture.However,it is still unclear how these two management methods should be carried out in respect to the situation in mountainous areas.Therefore,taking a typical mountainous area in southwest China as an example,we simulated six scenarios in order to compare the food provisioning service(FPS)and soil conservation service of the Grain for Green Program(converting to grassland)and Construction Measures(converting to sloping terrace)under different slopes.Results showed that when farmland with a>25°slope was converted into grassland,the amount of soil erosion(M)decreased by 21.0%,while FPS decreased by only 0.7%.However,when farmland with a>25°slope was converted into sloping terrace,M decreased by 31.3%while FPS increased by 18.7%.With the increases of farmland slope ranges in the Construction Measures scenario,M gradually decreased and FPS gradually increased.Particularly when farmland>15°was converted into sloping terrace,M decreased by 63.9%and FPS increased by 52.7%.Furthermore,the trade-offs of Construction Measures are lower than that of Grain for Green on different slope ranges.Therefore,we conclude that Construction Measures are a more suitable method in mountainous areas than the Grain for Green,and we suggest that further research be conducted to consider the ecological risks of construction engineering measures.

关键词： Soil erosion Grain for green Construction measures Mountainous areas

A dual-RPA based lateral flow strip for sensitive,on-site detection of CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac genes in genetically modified crops

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 183-190页

作者： Jinbin Wang Yu Wang Xiuwen Hu Yifan Chen Wei Jiang Xiaofeng Liu Juan Liu Lemei Zhu Haijuan Zeng Hua Liu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding Institute of Biotechnology ResearchShanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201106China Crops Ecological Environment security Inspection and Supervision center(Shanghai) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201106China School of Life Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China School of Public health Changsha Medical UniversityChangsha 410219China Academician Workstation Changsha Medical UniversityChangsha 410219China

Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.

关键词： Genetically modifi ed crops On-site detection Lateral fl ow test strips Dual recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)

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Blockchain Meets Generative Behavior Steganography:A Novel Covert Communication Framework for Secure IoT Edge Computing

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 886-898页

作者： Yuanlong CAO Junjie LI Kailin CHAO Jianmao XIAO Gang LEI School of Computer Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Jiangxi Blockchain Data security and Governance Engineering Research center Jiangxi Normal University School of Software Jiangxi Normal University

The rapid development of Internet of things(Io T) and edge computing technologies has brought forth numerous possibilities for the intelligent and digital future. The frequent communication and interaction between devices inevitably generate a large amount of sensitive information. Deploying a blockchain network to store sensitive data is crucial for ensuring privacy and security. The openness and synchronicity of blockchain networks give rise to challenges such as transaction privacy and storage capacity issues, significantly impeding their development in the context of edge computing and Io T. This paper proposes a reliable fog computing service solution based on a blockchain fog architecture. This paper stores data files in the inter planetary file system(IPFS) and encrypts the file hash values used for retrieving data files with stream cipher encryption. It employs a steganographic transmission technique leveraging Alpha Zero's Gomoku algorithm to discretely transmit the stream cipher key across the blockchain network without a carrier, thus achieving dual encryption. This approach aims to mitigate the storage burden on the blockchain network while ensuring the security of transaction data. Experimental results demonstrate that the model enhances the transmission capacity of confidential information from kilobytes(KB) to megabytes(MB) and exhibits high levels of covert and security features.

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Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 397-408页

作者： Linsheng YANG Xiaozhong WANG Wushuai ZHANG Prakash LAKSHMANAN Yan DENG Xiaojun SHI Xinping CHEN Fusuo ZHANG Interdisciplinary Research center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Southwest University Rice Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Guangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesSugarcane Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences center for Resources Environment and Food Security China Agricultural University

Climate change mitigation is a major challenge of human society. Currently, to this end, many countries including China are committed to achieving carbon neutrality within a few decades. China is a major sugarcane and sugar beet producing country and has one of the largest carbon footprint for sugarcane and sugar beet production globally. A comprehensive study was conducted on sugarcane and sugar beet crops grown in China for greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions mitigation potential, economic crop production from a sustainable sugar production perspective. Long-term trend analysis showed that yield and GHG emissions of sugarcane and sugar beet crops increased but the ratio of income to cost declined. Structural equation model analysis revealed nitrogen fertilizer and labor as the major drivers of GHG emissions for both sugarcane and sugar beet. For sugarcane and sugar beet, the path coefficient of N fertilizer were -0.964 and -0.835 and that of labor were 0.771 and 0.589,respectively. By transitioning the current cropping system to an improved model with optimized labor, N input and machinery use, the GHG emissions and total annual cost of sugarcane and sugar beet production can be reduced by 32% and 24%, respectively, by 2030, compared to a business-as-usual scenario. This is the first integrated and comparative study of environmental and economic sustainability of sugarcane and sugar beet production in China.These findings will enable all stakeholders of Chinese sugarcane and sugar beet industries to transform them into environmentally and economically sustainable sugar production.

关键词： Economic profits GHG emissions labor input nitrogen input sugar

Improving the Quality of Baobab Oil by Filtration on Activated Carbon from the Fruit Capsules

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 69-83页

作者： Edouard Mbarick Ndiaye Alioune Sow Papa Guédel Faye Kalidou Ba Mouhamed Ndoye Omar Ibn Khatab Cisse Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Mady Cisse Laboratory of Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes (LE3PI) ESP-UCAD Dakar Senegal Laboratoire of Biological Agronomic Food Sciences and Modeling of Complex Systems (LABAAM) UFR of Agronomic Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technologies (S2ATA) Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis Saint-Louis Senegal National School of Agriculture University Iba Der Thiam of Thiès Thiès Senegal center of Studies on food security and Functional Molecules (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Senegal

The baobab, Adansonia digitata L., plays an important role in the economy of local populations. Nowadays, baobab seed oil is highly prized for its many cosmetic and therapeutic applications, and for its composition of unsaturated fatty acids, sterols, and tocopherols. However, it undergoes numerous reactions during production, processing, transport, and storage, leading to undesirable products that make it unstable. The aim of this study was to provide local processors with innovative solutions for the treatment of unrefined vegetable oils. To this end, an experimental device for filtering crude oil on activated carbon made from fruit capsules was designed. The results obtained after the treatment show a significant decrease at (p 2/Kg), chlorophyll concentration (1.81 to 0.50 mg/Kg) and primary and secondary oxidation products. According to these results, activated carbon’s adsorptive power eliminates oxidation products and certain pro-oxidants such as chlorophyll, resulting in a cleaner, more stable and better storable oil.

关键词： Activated Carbon Adansonia digitata L. Baobab Fruit Baobab Oil Stability