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Dual‑Donor‑Induced Crystallinity Modulation Enables 19.23% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 376-388页

作者： Anhai Liang Yuqing Sun Sein Chung Jiyeong Shin Kangbo Sun Chaofeng Zhu Jingjing Zhao Zhenmin Zhao Yufei Zhong Guangye Zhang Kilwon Cho Zhipeng Kan center On Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak&NeutralitySchool of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673South Korea College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Engineering Research center for Fabrication and Application of Advanced Photovoltaic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringNingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning 530004People’s Republic of China

Trap-assisted charge recombination is one of the primary limitationsof restricting the performance of organic solar cells. However, effectivelyreducing the presence of traps in the photoactive layer remains ***, wide bandgap polymer donor PTzBI-dF is demonstrated as an effectivemodulator for enhancing the crystallinity of the bulk heterojunction active layerscomposed of D18 derivatives blended with Y6, leading to dense and orderedmolecular packings, and thus, improves photoluminescence quenching *** a result, the photovoltaic devices exhibit reduced trap-assisted charge recombinationlosses, achieving an optimized power conversion efficiency of over 19%.Besides the efficiency enhancement, the devices comprised of PTzBI-dF as athird component simultaneously attain decreased current leakage, improved chargecarrier mobilities, and suppressed bimolecular charge recombination, leading toreduced energy losses. The advanced crystalline structures induced by PTzBI-dFand its characteristics, such as well-aligned energy level, and complementaryabsorption spectra, are ascribed to the promising performance *** findings suggest that donor phase engineering is a feasible approach to tuning the molecular packings in the active layer, providingguidelines for designing effective morphology modulators for high-performance organic solar cells.

关键词： Trap-assisted charge recombination Photoluminescence Miscibility Current leakage Power conversion efficiency

Rise of β-furanosyl ribonucleosides as the extant RNA component facilitated by simple divalent transition-metal minerals

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Qianqian Chen Haoxing Xu Bingyue Zhao Yeersen Patehebieke Zerun Zhao Xiao Wang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Frontiers science center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing University

The selective nucleoside synthesis through direct condensation between nucleobase and unactivated sugar in aqueous media has long been a formidable obstacle for the early chemical transformations hypothesized to construct the RNAWorld, due to product complexity and the low selectivity of the desired isomer. The preference of β-furanoside, the extant RNA component, has never been documented. Here we report an aqueous ribosylation mediated by divalent transition-metal ions, which unprecedentedly enhances the selectivity of furanosyl ribonucleosides as opposed to the traditionally predominating pyranosyl ones, with the furanoside/pyranoside ratio reaching up to 9/1. Furthermore, β-furanoside stands out for the first time as the most prevalent isomer in the presence of zinc and ammonium salts. The mechanism of this selectivity is elucidated with density functional theory calculations. The selectivity for β-furanoside can be further elevated via the adsorption on a zinc mineral. These findings exhibit as the first example that the selection of nucleosides with the desired, canonical configuration might be completed in the early stage of the RNA-forming process as opposed to later evolution, promoted by simple and widespread transition-metal minerals. The study may also find its value in synthetic chemistry as a guideline for developing a sustainable and selective glycosylation process.

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High-precision magnetic field measurement system based on a coherent population trapping magnetometer onboard the SATech-01 satellite

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science China Technological sciences 2025年

作者： Hongbo XUE Wei SONG Haoran ZHAO Yiteng ZHANG Shanzhi YE Jindong WANG Ran TAO Peng SANG Keli CHEN Xingzi BI Bingjun CHENG Bin ZHOU Yongliang XUE Yingying TANG Liu LIU Jinsong LI Xiaocheng ZHU Baoquan LI Jinguo LIU Wen CHEN Xiaofeng ZHANG Yonghe ZHANG Lei LI State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systems National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences

On July 27, 2022, a high-precision system for measuring the magnetic field based on a coherent population trapping magnetometer（referred to as the CPT system） was launched onboard the Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite（SATech-01） by a ZK-1A rocket. The payload comprises a scalar coherent population trapping magnetometer（CPTM）, triaxial anisotropic magnetoresistance magnetometer（AMRM）, and nano star tracker mounted on a non-magnetic telescopic tubular mast. This configuration enables synchronized measurement of scalar and vector geomagnetic fields, as well as the attitude,making the payload with its compact sensors suitable for applications on miniature satellite platforms. On November 7, 2022,the novel telescopic tubular mast was deployed in orbit, extending to a length of 5.28 m. The CPTM, an absolute scalar magnetometer with an omnidirectional sensor, is the first China-developed quantum/atomic magnetometer successfully operating in space. In orbit, the CPTM has sensitivity of ～10 pT/Hz1/2and can automatically operate under complex magnetic field variations. The difference between the scalar fields obtained using the CPTM and CHAOS model has a mean deviation of–3.73 n T and a standard deviation of 26.11 nT（1σ）, without on-orbit calibration or correction. The miniaturized AMRM has a sensitivity of ～0.3 n T/Hz1/2and maintains stable and reliable operation in orbit. The low-power and miniaturized nano star tracker has a measurement uncertainty of 14.23″（1σ） in orbit. The mission has realized the on-orbit technical verification of the integrated and synchronized detection of the vector magnetic field and attitude and fully validated the system's performance,automation level, and reliability.

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Nano high-entropy oxide cathode with enhanced stability for direct borohydride fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 309-316页

作者： Lei Zhang Lingfeng Kuang Lianke Zhang Wen Chu Haiying Qin Jing Zhang Junjing He Hualiang Ni Hongzhong Chi New Energy Materials Research center College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University School of Materials science and Engineering Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education School of Integrated Circuits Southeast University

High-entropy materials have become high-activity electrocatalysis owing to their high-entropy effect and multiple active ***,we synthesize a series of carbon-supported nano high-entropy oxides（HEOs/C）,specifically （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C,using a carbothermal shock （CTS） method for application as a cathode catalyst in direct borohydride fuel cells （DBFCs）.The microstructure of the prepared catalysts was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption fine structure,and transmission electron *** prepared （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C,with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 4 nm,demonstrates 3.94 transferred electrons towards the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline environment,resulting in a minimal H2O2yield of 2.6%.Additionally,it exhibits a Tafel slope of 61 mV dec-1,surpassing that of commercial Pt/C (82 mV dec-1).Furthermore,after 40,000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry（CV） testing,the half-wave potential of （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C shows a positive shift of 3 mV,with no notable decline in the limiting current *** （PtFeCoNiCu）O/C is used as a cathode catalyst in DBFCs,the DBFC achieves a maximum power density of 441 mW cm-2at 60°C and sustains a cell voltage of approximately 0.73 V after 52 h at 30°*** findings confirm that HEO/C is a promising cathode catalyst for DBFCs.

关键词： Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFC)

Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1628-1643页

作者： Yimiao Jiang Zengxin Qi Huixian Zhu Kangli Shen Ruiqi Liu Chenxin Fang Weiwei Lou Yifan Jiang Wangrui Yuan Xin Cao Liang Chen Qianxing Zhuang Department of Physiology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina National center for Neurological Disorders ShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration ShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers center for Brain science Institute of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico–striato–pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremordominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia–thalamus network. Therefore, the comp

关键词： anxiety basal ganglia bradykinesia deep brain stimulation depression globus pallidus externus globus pallidus internus lateral globus pallidus medial globus pallidus neural circuit Parkinson's disease

LiDAR-Visual SLAM with Integrated Semantic and Texture Information for Enhanced Ecological Monitoring Vehicle Localization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1401-1416页

作者： Yiqing Lu Liutao Zhao Qiankun Zhao Foreign Environmental Cooperation center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PRCBeijing100035China Beijing Computing center Co. Ltd.Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing100083China Beijing Guyu Interactive Artificial Intelligence Application Co. Ltd.Beijing100024China

Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental *** vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environmental science research,ecological and environmental monitoring projects,disaster response,and emergency management.A key method employed in these vehicles for achieving high-precision positioning is LiDAR(lightlaser detection and ranging)-Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM).However,maintaining highprecision localization in complex scenarios,such as degraded environments or when dynamic objects are present,remains a significant *** address this issue,we integrate both semantic and texture information from LiDAR and cameras to enhance the robustness and efficiency of data ***,semantic information simplifies the modeling of scene elements,reducing the reliance on dense point clouds,which can be less ***,visual texture information complements LiDAR-Visual localization by providing additional contextual *** incorporating semantic and texture details frompaired images and point clouds,we significantly improve the quality of data association,thereby increasing the success rate of *** approach not only enhances the operational capabilities of ecological monitoring vehicles in complex environments but also contributes to improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of ecological monitoring and environmental protection efforts.

关键词： LiDAR-Visual simultaneous localization and mapping integrated semantic texture information

RE-SEGNN:recurrent semantic evidence-aware graph neural network for temporal knowledge graph forecasting

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年

作者： Wenyu CAI Mengfan LI Xuanhua SHI Yuanxin FAN Quntao ZHU Hai JIN National Engineering Research center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Temporal knowledge graph(TKG) reasoning, has seen widespread use for modeling real-world events, particularly in extrapolation settings. Nevertheless, most previous studies are embedded models, which require both entity and relation embedding to make predictions, ignoring the semantic correlations among different entities and relations within the same timestamp. This can lead to random and nonsensical predictions when unseen entities or relations occur. Furthermore, many existing models exhibit limitations in handling highly correlated historical facts with extensive temporal depth. They often either overlook such facts or overly accentuate the relationships between recurring past occurrences and their current counterparts. Due to the dynamic nature of TKG, effectively capturing the evolving semantics between different timestamps can be *** address these shortcomings, we propose the recurrent semantic evidenceaware graph neural network(RE-SEGNN), a novel graph neural network that can learn the semantics of entities and relations simultaneously. For the former challenge, our model can predict a possible answer to missing quadruples based on semantics when facing unseen entities or relations. For the latter problem, based on an obvious established force, both the recency and frequency of semantic history tend to confer a higher reference value for the current. We use the Hawkes process to compute the semantic trend, which allows the semantics of recent facts to gain more attention than those of distant facts. Experimental results show that RE-SEGNN outperforms all SOTA models in entity prediction on 6 widely used datasets, and 5 datasets in relation prediction. Furthermore, the case study shows how our model can deal with unseen entities and relations.

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The Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks improves outcomes of traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3233-3244页

作者： Xiaoling Zhong Wenjiao Tai Meng-Lu Liu Shuaipeng Ma Tianjin Shen Yuhua Zou Chun-Li Zhang Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hamon center for Regenerative science and Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Peter O’Donnell Jr.Brain Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases(MAP4Ks)signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in axonal regrowth and neuronal degeneration following *** targeting this pathway is beneficial to brain injury remains *** this study,we showed that adeno-associated virus-delivery of the Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks effectively reduces traumatic brain injury-induced reactive gliosis,tauopathy,lesion size,and behavioral *** inhibition of MAP4Ks replicated the ameliorative effects observed with expression of the Citron homology ***,the Citron homology domain acted as a dominant-negative mutant,impeding MAP4K-mediated phosphorylation of the dishevelled proteins and thereby controlling the Wnt/β-catenin *** findings implicate a therapeutic potential of targeting MAP4Ks to alleviate the detrimental effects of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： adeno-associated virus Citron homology Citron homology domain gene therapy mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases traumatic brain injury

Aligned Ion Conduction Pathway of Polyrotaxane‑Based Electrolyte with Dispersed Hydrophobic Chains for Solid‑State Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 169-186页

作者： Bitgaram Kim Myeong‑Chang Sung Gwang‑Hee Lee Byoungjoon Hwang Sojung Seo Ji‑Hun Seo Dong‑Wan Kim Department of Materials science and Engineering Korea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials science and Chemical Engineering center Institute for Advanced Engineering(IAE)Yongin 17180Republic of Korea

A critical challenge hindering the practical application of lithium–oxygen batteries(LOBs)is the inevitable problems associated with liquid electrolytes,such as evaporation and safety *** study addresses these problems by proposing a modified polyrotaxane(mPR)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)design that simultaneously mitigates solvent-related problems and improves ***-SPE exhibits high ion conductivity(2.8×10^(−3)S cm^(−1)at 25℃)through aligned ion conduction pathways and provides electrode protection ability through hydrophobic chain *** this mPR-SPE into solid-state LOBs resulted in stable potentials over 300 *** situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of an LiO_(2)intermediate alongside Li_(2)O_(2)during oxygen *** situ X-ray diffraction confirm the ability of the SPE to hinder the permeation of oxygen and moisture,as demonstrated by the air permeability *** present study suggests that maintaining a low residual solvent while achieving high ionic conductivity is crucial for restricting the sub-reactions of solid-state LOBs.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolyte Lithium-oxygen batteries Polyrotaxane ion conductivity Hydrophobic chain