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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第4期26卷 261-269页

作者： Yanjing Cao Chenchen Xu Qi Li Shan Lu Jing Xiao Beijing Key Laboratory of learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China center for Child development Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China

Background:Valid and reliable measures of depressive symptoms are crucial for understanding risk factors,outcomes,and interventions across rural and urban *** this need,the longitudinal invariance of these measures over time remains *** research explores the structural components of the center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)and examines its consistency across various living environments and temporal stability in a cohort of Chinese ***:In the initial phase,1,042 adolescents furnished demographic details and undertook the CES-D *** a three-month interval,967 of these participants repeated the CES-D *** study employed Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)to scrutinize the scale’s structural *** investigated factorial invariance by conducting a twopronged CFA:one comparing urban *** backgrounds,and another contrasting the results from the initial assessment with those from the ***:The CES-D demonstrated adequate reliability in both rural and urban high school student *** preliminary four-factor model applied to the CES-D demonstrated a good fit with the collected *** tests,including multigroup analyses comparing rural and urban samples and longitudinal assessments,confirmed the scale’s ***:The results suggest that the CES-D serves as a reliable instrument for evaluating depressive symptoms among Chinese *** applicability is consistent across different living environments and remains stable over time.

关键词： Depression factor structure measurement invariance Chinese adolescent longitudinal invariance

Understanding adversarial attacks on observations in deep reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 69-83页

作者： You QIAOBEN Chengyang YING Xinning ZHOU Hang SU Jun ZHU Bo ZHANG Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua-Bosch Joint Center for Machine Learning Institute for Artificial Intelligence Tsinghua University Peng Cheng Laboratory

Deep reinforcement learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that can decrease the cumulative expected reward of a victim by manipulating its observations. Despite the efficiency of previous optimization-based methods for generating adversarial noise in supervised learning, such methods might not achieve the lowest cumulative reward since they do not generally explore the environmental ***, a framework is provided to better understand the existing methods by reformulating the problem of adversarial attacks on reinforcement learning in the function space. The reformulation approach adopted herein generates an optimal adversary in the function space of targeted attacks, repelling them via a generic two-stage framework. In the first stage, a deceptive policy is trained by hacking the environment and discovering a set of trajectories routing to the lowest reward or the worst-case performance. Next, the adversary misleads the victim to imitate the deceptive policy by perturbing the observations. Compared to existing approaches, it is theoretically shown that our adversary is strong under an appropriate noise level. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, achieving state-of-the-art performance in both Atari and MuJoCo environments.

关键词： deep learning reinforcement learning adversarial robustness adversarial attack

Preoperative serum cortisone levels are associated with cognition in preschool‑aged children with tetralogy of Fallot after corrective surgery:new evidence from human populations and mice

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 173-184页

作者： Si-Yu Ma Yu-Ting Liu Yue-Shuang Cun Qiang Wang Ming-Cui Fu Ke-De Wu Xin-Yu Cai Shu-Ting Cheng Nishant Patel Min Da Liang Hu Zhuoga Deqin Xue-Jun Kang Ming Yang Xu-Ming Mo Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University72 Guangzhou RoadNanjing 210008China Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University72 Guangzhou RoadNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Child development and learning Science Research Center For Learning ScienceSchool of Biological Sciences&Medical EngineeringMinistry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing 210093China

Background Tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)is the most common cyanotic congenital heart *** with TOF would be confronted with neurological impairment across their *** study aimed to identify the risk factors for cerebral morphology changes and cognition in postoperative preschool-aged children with *** We used mass spectrometry(MS)technology to assess the levels of serum metabolites,Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-Fourth edition(WPPSI-Ⅳ)index scores to evaluate neurodevelopmental levels and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)to detect cortical morphological *** Multiple linear regression showed that preoperative levels of serum cortisone were positively correlated with the gyrification index of the left inferior parietal gyrus in children with TOF and negatively related to their lower visual spaces index and nonverbal ***,preoperative SpO_(2) was negatively correlated with levels of serum cortisone after adjusting for all ***,after intervening levels of cortisone in chronic hypoxic model mice,total brain volumes were reduced at both postnatal(P)11.5 and P30 *** Our results suggest that preoperative serum cortisone levels could be used as a biomarker of neurodevelopmental impairment in children with *** study findings emphasized that preoperative levels of cortisone could influence cerebral development and cognition abilities in children with TOF.

关键词： Cognition Cortisone MRI Neurodevelopment Tetralogy of Fallot

How to enhance agricultural plastic waste management in China?Insights from public participation

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2127-2143页

作者： Aibo Hao Thomas Dogot Changbin Yin State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Economics and Rural development Laboratory TERRA Teaching and Research CentreGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of LiègeGembloux B-5030Belgium Research center for Agricultural Green development in China Beijing 100081China

Agricultural plastics play a pivotal role in agricultural ***,due to expensive costs,agricultural plastic waste management(APWM)encounters a vast funding *** one of the crucial stakeholders,the public deserves to make appropriate efforts for ***,identifying whether the public is willing to pay for APWM and clarifying the decisions’driving pathways to explore initiatives for promoting their payment intentions are essential to address the dilemma confronting *** this end,by applying the extended theory of planned behavior(TPB),the study conducted an empirical analysis based on 1,288 residents from four provinces(autonomous regions)of northern *** illustrate that:1)respondents hold generally positive and relatively strong payment willingness towards APWM;2)respondents’attitude(AT),subjective norm(SN),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)are positively correlated with their payment intentions(INT);3)environmental cognition(EC)and environmental emotion(EE)positively moderate the relationships between AT and INT,and between SN and INT,posing significant indirect impacts on *** study’s implications extend to informing government policies,suggesting that multi-entity cooperation,specifically public payment for APWM,can enhance agricultural non-point waste management.

关键词： agricultural plastic waste extended theory of planned behavior public payment environmental cognition environmental emotion

Meta-path reasoning of knowledge graph for commonsense question answering

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 49-59页

作者： Miao ZHANG Tingting HE Ming DONG National Engineering Research center for E-learning Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart learning Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China National Language Resources Monitoring&Research center for Network Media Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Computer Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

Commonsense question answering(CQA)requires understanding and reasoning over QA context and related commonsense knowledge,such as a structured Knowledge Graph(KG).Existing studies combine language models and graph neural networks to model ***,traditional knowledge graph are mostly concept-based,ignoring direct path evidence necessary for accurate *** this paper,we propose MRGNN(Meta-path Reasoning Graph Neural Network),a novel model that comprehensively captures sequential semantic information from concepts and *** MRGNN,meta-paths are introduced as direct inference evidence and an original graph neural network is adopted to aggregate features from both concepts and paths *** conduct sufficient experiments on the CommonsenceQA and OpenBookQA datasets,showing the effectiveness of ***,we conduct further ablation experiments and explain the reasoning behavior through the case study.

关键词： question answering knowledge graph graph neural network meta-path reasoning

A Discussion of Artificial Intelligence in Visual Art Education

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第5期12卷 71-85页

作者： Joanna Black Tom Chaput Department of Curriculum Teaching and Learning Faculty of Education University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada

Since ChatGPT emerged on November 30, 2022, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been increasingly discussed as a radical force that will change our world. People have become used to AI in which such ubiquitous technologies as Siri, Google, and Netflix deploy AI algorithms to answer questions, impart information, and provide recommendations. However, many individuals including originators and backers of AI have recently expressed grave concerns. In this paper, the authors will assess what is occurring with AI in Visual Arts Education, outline positives and negatives, and provide recommendations addressed specifically for teachers working in the field regarding emerging AI usage from kindergarten to grade twelve levels as well as in higher education.

关键词： Visual Art Education Art Education Artificial Intelligence AI Generative Artificial Intelligence GAI Art teaching and learning Art Pedagogy Art Curriculum development Digital Art Education Art Art Education Critical Literacy

A Framework Based on the DAO and NFT in Blockchain for Electronic Document Sharing

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2373-2395页

作者： Lin Chen Jiaming Zhu Yuting Xu Huanqin Zheng Shen Su Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Engineering Research center of lntegration and Application of Digital learning Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing100816China

In the information age,electronic documents(e-documents)have become a popular alternative to paper documents due to their lower costs,higher dissemination rates,and ease of knowledge ***,digital copyright infringements occur frequently due to the ease of copying,which not only infringes on the rights of creators but also weakens their creative ***,it is crucial to establish an e-document sharing system that enforces copyright ***,the existing centralized system has outstanding vulnerabilities,and the plagiarism detection algorithm used cannot fully detect the context,semantics,style,and other factors of the *** watermark technology is only used as a means of infringement *** paper proposes a decentralized framework for e-document sharing based on decentralized autonomous organization(DAO)and non-fungible token(NFT)in *** use of blockchain as a distributed credit base resolves the vulnerabilities inherent in traditional centralized *** e-document evaluation and plagiarism detection mechanisms based on the DAO model effectively address challenges in comprehensive text information checks,thereby promoting the enhancement of e-document *** mechanism for protecting and circulating e-document copyrights using NFT technology ensures effective safeguarding of users’e-document copyrights and facilitates e-document ***,recognizing the security issues within the DAO governance mechanism,we introduce an innovative optimization *** experimentation,we validate the enhanced security of the optimized governance mechanism,reducing manipulation risks by up to 51%.Additionally,by utilizing evolutionary game analysis to deduce the equilibrium strategies of the framework,we discovered that adjusting the reward and penalty parameters of the incentive mechanism motivates creators to generate superior quality and unique e-documents,while evaluators are more likely to engage in

关键词： Electronic document sharing blockchain DAO NFT evolutionary game

Long-Term Extreme Wave Characteristics in the Water Adjacent to China Based on ERA5 Reanalysis Data

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 1-10页

作者： DU Wenyan ZHANG Xuri SHI Hongyuan LI Guanyu ZHOU Zhengqiao YOU Zaijin ZHANG Kuncheng School of Hydraulic Engineering Ludong UniversityYantai 264025China center for Ports and Maritime Safety(CPMS) Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 1160263China Nation Ocean Technology center Tianjin 300111China Navigation Guarantee center of South China Sea(NGCS)MOT Guangzhou Hydrographic center Guangzhou 510320China Institute of Marine development/Military teaching Department School of MarxismOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Yantai Kekan Marine Technology Co. Ltd.Yantai 264025China

Extreme waves have a profound impact on coastal infrastructure;thus,understanding the variation law of risky analysis and disaster prevention in coastal zones is *** paper analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of extreme wave heights adjacent to China from 1979 to 2018 based on the ERA5 *** extreme value analysis is undertaken in eight repre-sentative points to investigate the trends in the values of 50-and 100-year wave *** show that the mean value of extreme waves is the largest in the eastern part of Taiwan Island and the smallest in the Bohai Sea from 1979 to *** the extreme wave height in the northeastern part of Taiwan Island shows a significant increase trend in the study *** analysis shows remarkable variations in the values of 50-and 100-year significant wave heights in eight *** the annual mean change,E1,E2,S1,and S2 present an increasing trend,while S3 shows a decreasing *** points for the seasonal mean change demon-strate an increasing trend in spring and winter,while other points show a decreasing trend in summer and ***,the E1 point growth rate is large in autumn,which is related to the change in typhoon intensity and the northward movement of the typhoon path.

关键词： extreme wave height NEVA wave climate ERA5 reanalysis

A Review on the Security of the Ethereum-Based DeFi Ecosystem

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 69-101页

作者： Yue Xue Dunqiu Fan Shen Su Jialu Fu Ning Hu Wenmao Liu Zhihong Tian Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuanzhou510000China Innovation center NSFOCUS Inc.Beijing100089China Engineering Research center of Integration and Application of Digital learning Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing100816China

Decentralized finance(DeFi)is a general term for a series of financial products and *** is based on blockchain technology and has attracted people’s attention because of its open,transparent,and intermediary *** them,the DeFi ecosystem based on Ethereum-based blockchains attracts the most ***,the current decentralized financial system built on the Ethereum architecture has been exposed to many smart contract vulnerabilities during the last few ***,we believe it is time to improve the understanding of the prevailing Ethereum-based DeFi ecosystem security *** that end,we investigate the Ethereum-based DeFi security issues:1)inherited from the real-world financial system,which can be solved by macro-control;2)induced by the problems of blockchain architecture,which require a better blockchain platform;3)caused by DeFi invented applications,which should be focused on during the project *** on that,we further discuss the current solutions and potential directions ofDeFi *** to our research,we could provide a comprehensive vision to the research community for the improvement of Ethereum-basedDeFi ecosystem security.

关键词： Blockchain smart contract decentralized finance DeFi security

A Bitcoin Address Multi-Classification Mechanism Based on Bipartite Graph-Based Maximization Consensus

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 783-800页

作者： Lejun Zhang Junjie Zhang Kentaroh Toyoda Yuan Liu Jing Qiu Zhihong Tian Ran Guo College of Information Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China Cyberspace Institute Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Research and development center for E-learning Ministry of EducationBeijing100039China Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)Singapore138632Singapore School of Physics and Materials Science Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China

Bitcoin is widely used as the most classic electronic currency for various electronic services such as exchanges,gambling,marketplaces,and also scams such as high-yield investment *** the services operated by a Bitcoin address can help determine the risk level of that address and build an alert model *** engineering can also be used to flesh out labeled addresses and to analyze the current state of Bitcoin in a small *** this paper,we address the problem of identifying multiple classes of Bitcoin services,and for the poor classification of individual addresses that do not have significant features,we propose a Bitcoin address identification scheme based on joint multi-model prediction using the mapping relationship between addresses and *** innovation of the method is to(1)Extract as many valuable features as possible when an address is given to facilitate the multi-class service identification task.(2)Unlike the general supervised model approach,this paper proposes a joint prediction scheme for multiple learners based on address-entity mapping ***,after obtaining the overall features,the address classification and entity clustering tasks are performed separately,and the results are subjected to graph-basedmaximization *** final result ismade to baseline the individual address classification results while satisfying the constraint of having similarly behaving entities as far as *** testing and evaluating over 26,000 Bitcoin addresses,our feature extraction method captures more useful *** addition,the combined multi-learner model obtained results that exceeded the baseline classifier reaching an accuracy of 77.4%.

关键词： Bitcoin multi-service classification graph maximization consensus data security