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In-situ sludge reduction based on Mn^(2+)-catalytic ozonation conditioning:Feasibility study and microbial mechanisms

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 185-197页

作者： Haozhe Huang Tingting Wei Hui Wang Bing Xue Sisi Chen Xiankai Wang Haibin Wu Bin Dong Zuxin Xu College of environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research center China Three Gorges CorporationBeijing 100038China

To improve the sludge conditioning efficiency without increasing the ozone dose,an in-situ sludge reduction process based on Mn^(2+)-catalytic ozonation conditioning was *** ozone conditioning alone as a control,a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor coupled with ozonated sludge recycle was evaluated for its operating performance at an ozone dose of 75 mg O_(3)/g VSS and 1.5 mmol/L Mn^(2+)*** results showed a 39.4%reduction in MLSS and an observed sludge yield of 0.236 kg MLSS/kg COD for the O_(3)+Mn^(2+)group compared to the O_(3)group (15.3%and 0.292 kg MLSS/kg COD),accompanied by better COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN and TP removal,improved effluent SS and limited impact on excess sludge ***,activity tests,BIOLOG ECO microplates and 16S rRNA sequencing were applied to elucidate the changing mechanisms of Mn^(2+)-catalytic ozonation related to microbial action:(1) Dehydrogenase activity reached a higher peak.(2) Microbial utilization of total carbon sources had an elevated effect,up to approximately 18%,and metabolic levels of six carbon sources were also increased,especially for sugars and amino acids most pronounced.(3) The abundance of Defluviicoccus under the phylum Proteobacteria was enhanced to 12.0%and dominated in the sludge,they had strong hydrolytic activity and metabolic *** bacteria of the genus Ferruginibacter also showed an abundance of 7.6%,they contributed to the solubilization and reduction of sludge *** results could guide researchers to further reduce ozonation conditioning costs,improve sludge management and provide theoretical support.

关键词： Activated sludge In-situ reduction Catalytic ozonation conditioning Dehydrogenase activity Carbon source utilization Microbial community

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Boosted Lithium-Ion Transport Kinetics in n-Type Siloxene Anodes Enabled by Selective Nucleophilic Substitution of Phosphorus

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 618-637页

作者： Se In Kim Woong-Ju Kim Jin Gu Kang Dong-Wan Kim School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University02841 SeoulSouth Korea Nanophotonics Research center Korea Institute of Science and Technology02792 SeoulSouth Korea

Doped two-dimensional(2D)materials hold significant promise for advancing many technologies,such as microelectronics,optoelectronics,and energy ***,n-type 2D oxidized Si nanosheets,namely n-type siloxene(n-SX),are employed as Li-ion battery *** thermal evaporation of sodium hypophosphite at 275℃,P atoms are effectively incorporated into siloxene(SX)without compromising its 2D layered morphology and unique Kautsky-type crystal ***,selective nucleophilic substitution occurs,with only Si atoms being replaced by P atoms in the O_(3)≡Si-H *** resulting n-SX possesses two delocalized electrons arising from the presence of two electron donor types:(i)P atoms residing in Si sites and(ii)H *** doping concentrations are varied by controlling the amount of precursors or their mean free *** at 2000 mA g^(-1),the n-SX electrode with the optimized doping concentration(6.7×10^(19) atoms cm^(-3))delivers a capacity of 594 mAh g^(-1) with a 73%capacity retention after 500 *** improvements originate from the enhanced kinetics of charge transport processes,including electronic conduction,charge transfer,and solid-state *** approach proposed herein offers an unprecedented route for engineering SX anodes to boost Li-ion storage.

关键词： Li-ion battery Two-dimensional N-type siloxene Doping mechanism Kinetics

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Spatial heterogeneity and compositional profiles of dissolved organic matter in farmland soils across China' Mainland

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 593-603页

作者： Bingjun Han Liyuan Chen Kang Xiao Yang Liu Dong Cao Lu Yu Yujun Li Shu Tao Wenxin Liu Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Dissolved organic matter(DOM) plays an essential role in many geochemical processes,however its complexity, chemical diversity, and molecular composition are poorly understood. Soil samples were collected from 500 vegetable fields in administrative regions of China' Mainland, of which 122 were selected for further investigation. DOM properties were characterized by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix(3D-EEM) fuorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FTICRMS)(field intensity is 15 Tesla). Our results indicated that the main constituents were UVA humic-like substances, humic-like substances, fulvic acid-like substances, and tyrosine-like substances. A total of 10,989 molecular formulae with a mass range of 100.04 to 799.59 Da were detected, covering the mass spectrometric information of the soil samples from 27 different regions. CHO and CHON molecules were dominant in DOM, whereas lignin, tannins,and aromatic substances served as the main components. The results of cluster analysis revealed that the soil properties in Jiangxi Province were considerably different from those in other regions. The key backgrounds of the DOM molecular characteristics in the vegetablefield soil samples across China' Mainland were provided at the molecular level, with large abundance and great variability.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass(FTICR-MS) Excitation-emission matrix(EEM) Vegetable-field soils China' Mainland

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Preparation of Fe-As alloys by mechanical alloying and vacuum hot-pressed sintering:microstructure evolution,mechanical properties,and mechanisms

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3876-3892页

作者： Fei Chai Fei-Ping Zhao Zhan Hu Shi-Yi Wen Ben-Hammouda Samia Ze-Lin Fu Xin-Ting Lai Yan-Jie Liang Xiao-Bo Min Li-Yuan Chai School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Chinese National Engineering Research center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Institute of Environmental EngineeringCentral South University State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South University Department of Building Civiland Environmental Engineering Concordia University

Arsenic materials have attracted great attention due to their unique ***,research concerning iron-arsenic（Fe-As） alloys is very scarce due to the volatility of As at low temperature and the high melting point of ***,a new Fe-As alloy was obtained by mechanical alloying（MA） followed by vacuum hot-pressed sintering（VHPS）.Moreover,a systematic study was carried out on the microstructural evolution,phase composition,leaching toxicity of As,and physical and mechanical properties of Fe-As alloys with varying weight fractions of As（20%,25%,30%,35%,45%,55%,65%,and 75%）.The results showed that pre-alloyed metallic powders（PAMPs） have a fine grain size and specific supersaturated solid solution after MA,which could effectively improve the mechanical properties of Fe-As alloys by VHPS.A high density(> 7.350 g·cm-3),low toxicity,and excellent mechanical properties could be obtained for FeAs alloys sintered via VHPS by adding an appropriate amount of As,which is more valuable than commercial Fe-As *** Fe-25% As alloy with low toxicity and a relatively high density(7.635 g·cm-3) provides an ultra-high compressive strength（1989.19 MPa）,while the Fe-65% As alloy owns the maximum Vickers hardness（HVo.5 899.41）.After leaching by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure（TCLP）,these alloys could still maintain good mechanical performance,and the strengthening mechanisms of Fe-As alloys before and after leaching were *** in the grain size,micro structure,and phase distribution induced significant differences in the compressive strength and hardness.

关键词： Mechanical alloying Vacuum hot-pressed sintering High-pressure Arsenic–iron alloys Mechanical properties

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Steam disinfection enhances bioaccessibility of metallic nanoparticles in nano-enabled silicone-rubber baby bottle teats,pacifiers,and teethers

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 161-171页

作者： Yu Su BinWang Xin Tong Shuchuan Peng Sijin Liu Baoshan Xing Rong Ji State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Resources and environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Nano-enabled silicone-rubber articles for feeding or chewing could be a source of metallic nanoparticles(NPs)directly exposed to infants and young ***,the impact of steam disinfection on release of NPs and the related potential risks to children's health are ***,we investigated contents and form of Ag and Zn in 57 nano-enabled silicone-rubber baby bottle teats,pacifiers,and teethers of seven countries and examined the impacts of steam disinfection on in vitro bioaccessibility(IVBA)of Ag and Zn in the *** 89%articles had a mixture of Ag-and Zn-containing NPs and the teethers had relatively high Ag and Zn contents(up to 501 and 254μg/g,respectively).Steam disinfection caused rubber decomposition into micro(nano)plastics(0.54-15.7μm)and NP release from the interior of bulk rubber and micro-sized plastics,thus enhancing the IVBA of Ag and Zn by up to 5.5 *** findings provide insights into mechanisms for NP release by steam *** oral exposure risk assessment suggested low health concerns on individual metal release,our study points out the need to assess the potential health risks of child co-exposure to metallic NPs and micro(nano)plastics.

关键词： Silicone rubber Metallic nanoparticles Micro(nano)plastics Bioaccessibility Children's health

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Application of machine learning models in groundwater quality assessment and prediction:progress and challenges

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 25-55页

作者： Yanpeng Huang Chao Wang Yuanhao Wang Guangfeng Lyu Sijie Lin Weijiang Liu Haobo Niu Qing Hu School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China School of environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Engineering Innovation center of SUSTech(Beijing) Southern University of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Technical center for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China Chinese Academy of environmental Planning Beijing 100043China

Groundwater quality assessment and prediction(GQAP)is vital for protecting groundwater *** GQAP methods can not adequately capture the complex relationships among attributes and have the disadvantage of being computationally ***,the application of machine learning(ML)in GAQP(GQAPxML)has been widely studied due to ML’s reliability and *** many GQAPxML publications exist,a thorough review is *** review provides a comprehensive summary of the development of ML applications in the field of ***,the workflow of ML modeling is briefly introduced,as are data preparation,model development,model evaluation,and model ***,299 publications related to the topic are filtered,mainly through ML ***,many aspects of GQAPxML,such as publication trends,the spatial distribution of study areas,the size of data sets,and ML algorithms,are discussed from a bibliometric *** addition,we review in detail the well-established applications and recent findings for several subtopics,including groundwater quality assessment,groundwater quality modeling using groundwater quality parameters,groundwater quality spatial mapping,probability estimation of exceeding the groundwater quality threshold,groundwater quality temporal prediction,and the hybrid use of ML and physics-based ***,the development of GQAPxML is explored from three perspectives:data collection and preprocessing,model building and evaluation,and the broadening of model *** review provides a reference for environmental scientists to better understand GQAPxML and promotes the development of innovative methods and improvements in modeling quality.

关键词： Groundwater quality assessment Groundwater quality prediction Machine learning Groundwater modeling

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New Frontiers on Intracellular cGAS Activation:Molecular Mechanisms,Cellular Signaling,and Therapeutic Strategies

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第4期40卷 632-645页

作者： SONG Xingrui LING Xiaoting LIU Hailong ZHAO Qiang LI Xiangjun LAI Weiyi WANG Hailin State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing10085P.R.China School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P.R.China

Cyclic GMP-AMP(cGAMP)synthase(cGAS)plays a pivotal role in the innate immune *** the primary DNA sensor in cells,cGAS binds to dsDNA in the cytoplasm and forms cGAS-DNA liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)and activates its catalytic *** activation triggers the cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathway,establishing an efficient system for pathogen *** pathogen surveillance,cGAS performs a diverse range of roles,involved in inflammatory response,metabolic homeostasis,DNA damage repair,and cell *** biological functions regulate cellular physiological homeostasis and influence the occurrence and development of *** review provides an overview of the structure,localization,and intracellular biological functions of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and cGAS-DNA ***,we discuss their contribution to the development of tumors,autoimmune diseases,and inflammatory diseases and highlight the innovative strategies in modulating cGAS activity,either through activation or inhibition,as a promising therapeutic approach.

关键词： Cyclic GMP-AMP(cGAMP)synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(cGAS-STING) Liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) Biological function Disease

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模型模拟结合便携测量预测紫外高级氧化工艺对水中微污染物的去除（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第6期 87-95页

作者：黄妍妍李梦凯孙喆李文涛 James R.Bolton 强志民 Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Civil and environmental Engineering University of Alberta State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

The degradation of micropollutants in water via ultraviolet（UV）-based advanced oxidation processes（AOPs） is strongly dependent on the water matrix. Various reactive radicals（RRs） formed in UV-AOPs have different reaction selectivities toward water matrices and degradation efficiencies for target micropollutants. Hence, process selection and optimization are crucial. This study developed a facilitated prediction method for the photon fluence-based rate constant for micropollutant degradation(k'p,MP) in various UV-AOPs by combining model simulation with portable measurement. Portable methods for measuring the scavenging capacities of the principal RRs（RRSCs） involved in UV-AOPs(i.e., HO·, SO4·-, and Cl·) using a mini-fluidic photoreaction system were proposed. The simulation models consisted of photochemical, quantitative structure–activity relationship, and radical concentration steady-state approximation models. The RRSCs were determined in eight test waters, and a higher RRSC was found to be associated with a more complex water matrix. Then, by taking sulfamethazine,caffeine, and carbamazepine as model micropollutants, the k'p,MPvalues in various UV-AOPs were predicted and further verified experimentally. A lower k'p,MPwas found to be associated with a higher RRSC for a stronger RR competition; for example, k'p,MPvalues of 130.9 and 332.5 ***–1, respectively, were obtained for carbamazepine degradation by UV/H2O2in the raw water(RRSC = 9.47 × 10～4s-1) and sand-filtered effluent(RRSC = 2.87 × 10～4s-1) of a drinking water treatment plant. The developed method facilitates process selection and optimization for UV-AOPs, which is essential for increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of water treatment.

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Superwettable interface towards biodetection in confined space

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 602-617页

作者： Zexu Pang Zhikang Cao Wanlu Li Wenxia Xu Yingying Zhang Qitao Zhou Jing Pan Fan Xia State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and environmental Geology Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of the Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The detection of biomarkers with both high sensitivity and specificity is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of related ***,many current detections employ ex-situ detection method and non-confined condition,thus have many problems,which may eventually lead to inaccurate detection *** to detection in non-confined space,detection in confined space can better reflect the real in-vivo ***,the construction of detection for target molecules in confined space has great significance for both theoretical research and practical *** realize the detection of target molecules in confined space,the probes should accurately enter the confined space where the target molecules reside and interact with the ***,how to explore and utilize the properties of the interface(for example,bioinspired superwettability)has always been a hot and difficult topic in this ***,the recent advances and our efforts in recent 10 years on detection of bio-target molecules in confined space with superwettable interface have been introduced from the perspective of the detection *** suitable and most widely employed detection methods for target molecules in confined spaces are introduced ***,recent progresses for related detections based on visual,optical,and electrochemical detection methods are presented ***,the perspective for detection in confined space is discussed for the future development of biochemical detection.

关键词： biodetection superwettability confined space interface

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The Response of Carbonate System to Watershed Urbanization Process in a Semi-Arid River

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 991-1002页

作者： LI Yunxiao DANG Jiajia HUANG Xiao YANG Hong WANG Xiao LI Lina BAI Jie CHEN Xi Department of environmental Science College of Resource and EnvironmentShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and environmental Science University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66ABUK Marine Agriculture Research center Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdao 266101China 5 Key Laboratory of Marine environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Different from rivers in humid areas,the variability of riverine CO_(2) system in arid areas is heavily impacted by anthropogenic disturbance with the increasing urbanization and water *** this study,the water chemistry and the controls of carbonate system in an urbanized river(the Fenhe River)on the semi-arid Loess Plateau were *** water chemistry of the river water showed that the high dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)concentration(about 37 mg L~(-1))in the upstream with a karst land type was mainly sourced from carbonate weathering involved by H_2CO_3 and H_2SO_4,resulting in an oversaturated partial pressure of CO_(2)(pCO_(2))(about 800μatm).In comparison,damming resulted in the widespread appearance of non-free flowing river segments,and aquatic photosynthesis dominated the DIC and pCO_(2) spatiality demonstrated by the enriched stable isotope of DIC(δ^(13)CDIC).Especially in the mid-downstream flowing through major cities in warm and low-runoff August,some river segments even acted as an atmospheric CO_(2) *** noteworthy is wastewater input leading to a sudden increase in DIC(>55 mg L~(-1))and pCO_(2)(>4500μatm)in the downstream of Taiyuan City,and in cold November the increased DIC even extended to the outlet of the *** results highlight the effects of aquatic production induced by damming and urban sewage input on riverine CO_(2) system in semi-arid areas,and reducing sewage discharge may mitigate CO_(2) emission from the rivers.

关键词： dissolved inorganic carbon stable carbon isotope carbonate weathering aquatic photosynthesis sewage input the Fenhe River

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