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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2012年第3期21卷 117-122页

作者： FU Yu-chuan AI Ping YANG Yu-qiong LI Ping cancer center West China Hospital Sichuan University

It has been believed that the better optimization can be achieved by tile P＋＋ optimization strategy since the P＋ curve shows a rather shallow maximum. In this paper, the P＋＋ optimization strategy has been verified by evaluating （intensity-modulated radiation therapy, IMRT） plans for a T4 stage NPC patient in the situation where diffieuh compromise has to be made between probabilities for tumor control and normal tissue injuh＇y. The results showed that including the biological objective gEUD into the plan optimization couht decrease the mean dose of OAR. Theoretically, P＋＋ optimization strategy could be helpfnl to find the refined optimization solution for radiation therapy planning. However, in clinical radiotherapy practice, disease situations will form restrictions to use the biological evaluation only. More factors including both physical and biological models should be considered in a planning evaluation process to aehieve a best clinical solution.

关键词： radiotherapy IMRT biological optimization P++ strategy, plan evaluation

Perioperative management of endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第2期6卷 84-93页

作者： Martin Hanson Hao Li Eliza Geer Sasan Karimi Viviane Tabar Marc A.Cohen Multidisciplinary Pituitary and Skull Base Tumour Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center1275 York AveNew YorkNYUSA

The contemporary embrace of endoscopic technology in the approach to the anterior skull base has altered the perioperative landscape for patients requiring pituitary *** of a multi-disciplinary unit in management decisions facilitates the delivery of optimal *** of technology and surgical expertise in pituitary surgery mandates ongoing review of all components of the care central to these *** many areas of potential variability in the pre,intra and post-operative timeline of pituitary surgery are readily *** undertakings and contemporary controversies in the peri-operative management of patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery are assessed against the available literature with a view to providing guidance for the best evidence-based practice.

关键词： Pituitary Pituitary surgery Endoscopic skull base surgery Perioperative management

Preemptive mechanical ventilation can block progressive acute lung injury

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2016年第1期5卷 74-82页

作者： Benjamin Sadowitz Sumeet Jain Michaela Kollisch-Singule Joshua Satalin Penny Andrews Nader Habashi Louis A Gatto Gary Nieman the Southeastern center for Digestive Disorders and pancreatic cancer Advanced Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery Florida Hospital Tampa Department of Surgery Upstate Medical University Critical Care Medicine Surgical Critical Care Trauma Critical Care Medicine The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center University of Maryland Biological Sciences Department SUNY Cortland

Mortality from acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) remains unacceptable, approaching 45% in certain high-risk patient populations. Treating fulminant ARDS is currently relegated to supportive care measures only. Thus, the best treatment for ARDS may lie with preventing this syndrome from ever occurring. Clinical studies were examined to determine why ARDS has remained resistant to treatment over the past several decades. In addition, both basic science and clinical studies were examined to determine the impact that early, protective mechanical ventilation may have on preventing the development of ARDS in at-risk patients. Fulminant ARDS is highly resistant to both pharmacologic treatment and methods of mechanical ventilation. However, ARDS is a progressive disease with an early treatment window that can be exploited. In particular, protective mechanical ventilation initiated before the onset of lung injury can prevent the progression to ARDS. Airway pressure release ventilation(APRV) is a novel mechanical ventilation strategy for delivering a protective breath that has been shown to block progressive acute lung injury(ALI) and prevent ALI from progressing to ARDS. ARDS mortality currently remains as high as 45% in some studies. As ARDS is a progressive disease, the key to treatment lies with preventing the disease from ever occurring while it remains subclinical. Early protective mechanical ventilation with APRV appears to offer substantial benefit in this regard and may be the prophylactic treatment of choice for preventing ARDS.

关键词： Mechanical ventilation Acute lung injury Acute respiratory distress syndrome Airway pressure release ventilation

Direct costs of carcinoid syndrome diarrhea among adults in the United States

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第47期25卷 6857-6865页

作者： Arvind Dasari Vijay N Joish Raul Perez-Olle Samyukta Dharba Kavitha Balaji Daniel M Halperin Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Inc.The WoodlandsTX 77381United States

BACKGROUND The burden of carcinoid syndrome(CS)among patients with neuroendocrine tumors is substantial and has been shown to result in increased healthcare resource use and *** incremental burden of CS diarrhea(CSD)is less well understood,particularly among working age adults who make up a large proportion of the population of patients with *** To estimate the direct medical costs of CSD to a self-insured employer in the United *** CS patients with and without CSD were identified in the IBM®MarketScan®Database,including the Medicare Supplemental Coordination of Benefits *** patients had≥1 medical claim for CS with continuous health plan enrollment for≥12 mo prior to their first CS diagnosis and for≥30 d after,no claims for acromegaly,and no clinical trial participation during the study period(2014-2016).Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics,including comorbidities and treatment,were analyzed using descriptive *** of healthcare resource use and costs were compared between patients with and without CSD,including Emergency Department(ED)visits,hospital admissions and length of stay,physician office visits,outpatient services,and prescription claims,using univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate associations of CSD with healthcare resource use and costs,controlling for baseline *** Overall,6855 patients with CS were identified of which 4,043 were eligible for the analysis(1352 with CSD,2691 with CS only).Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups with the exception of age,underlying tumor type,and health insurance *** with CSD were older,had more comorbidities,and received more somatostatin analog therapy at *** with CSD required greater use of healthcare resources and incurred higher costs than their peers without CSD,including hospitalizations(44%vs 25%)and ED visits(55%vs 31%).The total adjusted annual healthcare costs

关键词： Carcinoid syndrome Carcinoid syndrome diarrhea Healthcare costs Neuroendocrine tumors

Big size is not all, even better!

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第5期8卷 539-540页

作者： Roberto Ivan Troisi Mariano Cesare Giglio Roberto Montalti Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II University of NaplesNaplesItaly Department of Liver and Small Bowel Transplantation Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic SurgeryKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Public Health Federico II University of NaplesNaplesItaly

We read with interest the article entitled"Comprehensive Complication Index validates improved outcomes over time despiteincreased complexity in 3707 consecutive hepatectomies"by Cloydet al.(1).This article focused on... 详细信息

关键词： entitled consecutive despite

cancer stem cells: a target for overcoming therapeutic resistance and relapse

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2023年第12期20卷 985-1020页

作者： Shuo Zhang Rui Yang Yujie Ouyang Yang Shen Lanlin Hu Chuan Xu Department of Radiation Oncology Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Clinical Research Center for CancerSichuan Cancer Hospital&InstituteSichuan Cancer CenterAffiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610042China Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Chengdu Wenjiang District People’s HospitalChengdu 611130China Acupuncture and Massage College Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China Department of Oncology&cancer Institute Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study Department of Laboratory MedicineSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China School of Pharmacy Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research center Chongqing 400039China Jinfeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329China

cancer stem cells(CSCs) are a small subset of cells in cancers that are thought to initiate tumorous transformation and promote metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to treatment. Growing evidence has revealed the existence of CSCs in various types of cancers and suggested that CSCs differentiate into diverse lineage cells that contribute to tumor progression. We may be able to overcome the limitations of cancer treatment with a comprehensive understanding of the biological features and mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance in CSCs. This review provides an overview of the properties, biomarkers, and mechanisms of resistance shown by CSCs. Recent findings on metabolic features, especially fatty acid metabolism and ferroptosis in CSCs, are highlighted, along with promising targeting strategies. Targeting CSCs is a potential treatment plan to conquer cancer and prevent resistance and relapse in cancer treatment.

关键词： cancer stem cells therapeutic resistance metabolism immunology biomarkers

Scientific guidelines for preclinical research on potentised preparations manufactured according to current pharmacopoeias—the PrePoP guidelines

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第05期 533-544页

作者： Alexander L.Tournier Leoni V.Bonamin Susann Buchheim-Schmidt Steven Cartwright Christoph Dombrowsky Paul Doesburg Carla Holandino Maria Olga Kokornaczyk Everine B.van de Kraats Jesús Antonio López-Carvallo Papiya Nandy JoséManuel Mazón-Suástegui Fateme Mirzajani Bernard Poitevin Claudia Scherr Karin Thieves Sandra Würtenberger Stephan Baumgartner Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine University of Bern Institute of Integrative Medicine Witten/Herdecke University Homeopathy Research Institute Graduate Program on Environmental and Experimental Pathology Paulista University Department of Medical Science Deutsche Hom?opathie-Union DHU-Arzneimittel GmbH&Co.KG Cherwell Laboratory for Fundamental Research in Homeopathy Society for cancer Research Hiscia Research Institute Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro World Water Community Departamento de Acuicultura Facultad de Ciencias del MarUniversidad Católica del Norte Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education Laboratorio de Homeopatía Acuícola y Semillas Marinas Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste Protein Research center Shahid Beheshti University Department of Medical Laboratory Science College of ScienceKnowledge University Socie′te′Savante d’Hom′eopathie Sola Salus Institute for Homeopathic Research Scientific Society for Homeopathy

Objective: Pharmacopoeias regulate the manufacture of potentised pharmaceutical preparations used in different branches of complementary and integrative medicine. The physicochemical properties and biological activity of these preparations are often investigated in preclinical research, yet no guidelines for experimental research currently exist in this area. The present PrePoP guidelines aim to provide recommendations to promote high-quality, statistically sound, and reproducible preclinical research on potentised ***: Input was gathered from researchers nominated by the relevant scientific societies using a simplified Delphi consensus approach covering the most relevant aspects of basic research methodology in the field including appropriate controls, sample preparation and handling, and statistics. After three rounds of feedback, a consensus was finally reached on the most important aspects and considerations for conducting high-quality research on potentised ***: We present a series of recommendations on a range of topics including experimental controls,system stability, blinding and randomisation, environmental influences, and procedures for the preparation of potentised samples and controls, and we address some specific challenges of this research ***: This expert consensus process resulted in a robust set of methodological guidelines for research on potentised preparations and provides a valuable framework that will inform and improve the quality of subsequent research in this emerging field.

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Potential impact of combined inhibition of 3a-oxidoreductases and 5a-reductases on prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第1期6卷 50-56页

作者： Michael V.Fiandalo Daniel T.Gewirth James L.Mohler Department of Urology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute BuffaloNYUSA

Prostate cancer(PCa)growth and progression rely on the interaction between the androgen receptor(AR)and the testicular ligands,testosterone and dihydrotestosterone(DHT).Almost all men with advanced PCa receive androgen deprivation therapy(ADT).ADT lowers circulating testosterone levels,which impairs AR activation and leads to PCa ***,ADT is palliative and PCa recurs as castration-recurrent/resistant PCa(CRPC).One mechanism for PCa recurrence relies on intratumoral synthesis of DHT,which can be synthesized using the frontdoor or primary or secondary backdoor *** metabolism inhibitors,such as those targeting 5a-reductase,aldo-keto-reductase family member 3(AKR1C3),or cytochrome P45017A1(CYP17A1)have either failed or produced only modest clinical *** goal of this review is to describe the therapeutic potential of combined inhibition of 5a-reductase and 3a-oxidoreductase enzymes that facilitate the terminal steps of the frontdoor and primary and secondary backdoor pathways for DHT *** of the terminal steps of the androgen metabolism pathways may be a way to overcome the shortcomings of existing androgen metabolism inhibitors and thereby delay PCa recurrence during ADT or enhance the response of CRPC to androgen axis manipulation.

关键词： Androstanediol Dihydrotestosterone Dutasteride 3a-oxidoreductases Androgen deprivation therapy Abiraterone

Activation of Rac1-PI3K/Akt is required for epidermal growth factorinduced PAK1 activation and cell migration in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2011年第4期25卷 237-245页

作者： Yu Yang Jun Du Zhenzhen Hu Jiaojing Liu Yinhui Tian Yichao Zhu Le Wang Luo Gu Department of Physiology Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 210029 China cancer center Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 210029 China

Epidermal growth factor （EGF） may increase cell motility, an event implicated in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms for EGF-induced cell motility remain elusive. In this study, we found that EGF treatment could activate Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 （Racl）, PI3K/Akt and p21- actived kinase （PAK1） along with cell migration. Ectopic expression of PAK1 K299R, a dominant negative PAK1 mutant, could largely abolish EGF-induced cell migration. Blocking PI3K/Akt signalling with LY294002 or Akt siRNA remarkably inhibited both EGF-induced PAK1 activation and cell migration. Furthermore, expression of dominant-negative Racl （T17N） could largely block EGF-induced PI3K/Akt-PAK1 activation and cell migration. Interestingly, EGF could induce a significant production of ROS, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a scavenger of ROS which abolished the EGF-induced ROS generation, cell migration, as well as activation of PI3K/Akt and PAK, but not Racl. Our study demonstrated that EGF-induced cell migration involves a cascade of signalling events, including activation of Racl, generation of ROS and subsequent activation of PI3K/Akt and PAK1.

关键词： breast cancer cell epidermal growth factor migration Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1(Rac1) PI3K/Akt p21-actived kinase (PAK1)

A booster with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines:protection against Omicron infection

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1357-1359页

作者： Yuehong Hu Qiu Sun State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy610041ChengduChina Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology West China Second University HospitalSichuan University and NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology610041ChengduChina

Recently,Wang et *** a study in Nature that examined whether sera from individuals who received two or three doses of the inactivated vaccine could neutralize Omicron.1 Broad-spectrum and potent neutralizing antibodies were isolated from three-dose recipients,which could effectively neutralize strain pseudoviruses and authentic viruses of SARS-CoV-2 of concern(VOCs),including *** addition,the cryo-EM structures of the Omicron spike were elucidated,revealing a new critical immune evasion site and mechanism for the Omicron strain.

关键词： neutral authentic revealing