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A review of structure-activity relationship， enzymatic and genetic modulation of exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Jingyan Zhang Tao Hu Qingshen Sun Engineering research center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology， Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology， College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences， Heilongjiang University

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exopolysaccharides (EPS) reveal high safety and multiple activities， and are typical postbiotics produced by LAB during fermentation. In this paper， 6583 articles on LAB-EPS from web of science and ELSEVIER databases were retrieved， and 236 articles related to this review were screened. The EPS from 90 LAB strains were summarized in terms of their extraction methods， yield， molecular weight， monosaccharide composition， glycosidic bond configuration and the structural and activity relationships (SARs). However， there exist great challenges as for the low yield and high cost in EPS production. Therefore， this review further elaborated the mechanism of EPS secretion， the anabolic pathway of EPS， the structure and mechanism of key enzymes involving in EPS synthesis process， the prospect of gene regulation for EPS secretion， and proposed the engineering strategies for increasing EPS yield or tailored EPS design in recent years. In addition， CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was also discussed in the production control of EPS in LAB. Finally， the engineering strategy of increasing EPS yield in recent years was proposed. This work might provide important theoretical support for the production and application of LAB-based EPS.

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Boosting kinetic separation of ethylene and ethane on microporous materials via crystal size control

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 85-91页

作者： Yixuan Ma Cong Yu Lifeng Yang Rimin You Yawen Bo Qihan Gong Huabin Xing Xili Cui Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Fundamental Science&Advanced Technology Lab PetroChina Petrochemical Research InstituteChina National Petroleum CorporationBeijing 102200China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311200China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Hangzhou 310027China

The adsorptive separation of C_(2)H_(4)and C_(2)H_(6),as an alternative to distillation units consuming high energy,is a promising yet challenging *** great similarity in the molecular size of C_(2)H_(4)and C_(2)H_(6)brings challenges to the regulation of adsorbents to realize efficient dynamic ***,we reported the enhancement of the kinetic separation of C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6)by controlling the crystal size of ZnAtzPO_(4)(Atz=3-amino-1,2,4-triazole)to amplify the diffusion difference of C_(2)H_(4)and C_(2)H_(6).Through adjusting the synthesis temperature,reactant concentration,and ligands/metal ions molar ratio,ZnAtzPO4 crystals with different sizes were *** single-component kinetic adsorption tests and binary-component dynamic breakthrough experiments confirmed the enhancement of the dynamic separation of C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6)with the increase in the crystal size of ZnAtzPO_(4).The separation selectivity of C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6)increased from 1.3 to 98.5 with the increase in the crystal size of ZnAtzPO_(4).This work demonstrated the role of morphology and size control of adsorbent crystals in the improvement of the C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6)kinetic separation performance.

关键词： Adsorption Adsorbent Ethylene Binary mixture Crystal size control Kinetic separation

Strong-field photoelectron holography in the subcycle limit

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1032-1040页

作者： Tsendsuren Khurelbaatar Jaewuk Heo ShaoGang Yu XuanYang Lai XiaoJun Liu Dong Eon Kim center for Attosecond Science and Technology Department of PhysicsPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongbuk37673Korea Max Planck POSTECH/KOREA research Initiative PohangGyeongbuk37673Korea State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences430071WuhanChina Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology 430206WuhanChina

Strong-field photoelectron holography is promising for the study of electron dynamics and structure in atoms and molecules,with superior spatiotemporal resolution compared to conventional electron and X-ray ***,the application of strong-field photoelectron holography has been hindered by inter-cycle interference from multicycle ***,we address this challenge by employing a near-single-cycle field to suppress the inter-cycle *** observed and separated two distinct holographic patterns for the first *** measurements allow us not only to identify the Gouy phase effect on electron wavepackets and holographic patterns but also to correctly extract the internuclear separation of the target molecule from the holographic *** work leads to a leap jump from theory to application in the field of strong-field photoelectron holography-based ultrafast imaging of molecular structures.

关键词： photoelectron holographic cycle

Systematic Elastostatic Stiffness Model of Over-Constrained Parallel Manipulators Without Additional Constraint Equations

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期37卷 258-276页

作者： Chao Yang Wenyong Yu Wei Ye Qiaohong Chen Fengli Huang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001ZhejiangChina Zhejiang Siekon Transmission Technology Co. Ltd.Jiaxing 314001ZhejiangChina National and Local Joint Engineering research center of Reliability Analysis and Testing for Mechanical and Electrical Products Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina

The establishment of an elastostatic stiffness model for over constrained parallel manipulators(PMs),particularly those with over constrained subclosed loops,poses a challenge while ensuring numerical *** study addresses this issue by proposing a systematic elastostatic stiffness model based on matrix structural analysis(MSA)and independent displacement coordinates(IDCs)extraction *** begin,the closed-loop PM is transformed into an open-loop PM by eliminating constraints.A subassembly element is then introduced,which considers the flexibility of both rods and *** approach helps circumvent the numerical instability typically encountered with traditional constraint *** IDCs and analytical constraint equations of nodes constrained by various joints are summarized in the appendix,utilizing multipoint constraint theory and singularity analysis,all unified within a single coordinate ***,the open-loop mechanism is efficiently closed by referencing the constraint equations presented in the appendix,alongside its elastostatic *** proposed method proves to be both modeling and computationally efficient due to the comprehensive summary of the constraint equations in the Appendix,eliminating the need for additional *** example utilizing an over constrained subclosed loops demonstrate the application of the proposed *** conclusion,the model proposed in this study enriches the theory of elastostatic stiffness modeling of PMs and provides an effective solution for stiffness modeling challenges they present.

关键词： Parallel manipulator Elastostatic stiffness model Matrix structural analysis Subassembly element Independent displacement coordinates

CFD investigation of structural effects of internal gas intake on powder conveying performance in fuel supply systems for aerospace engines

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 140-154页

作者： Guanlong Ren Haijun Sun Fangjun Chen Wen Shen Yunzhen Cai Yihua Xu Henrik Ström Bilainu Oboirien Qingang Xiong School of Aircraft Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang330063China Engineering research center of Aero-engine Technology for General Aviation Ministry of EducationNanchang330063China State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGöteborg41296Sweden Department of Chemical Engineering University of JohannesburgJohannesburg17011South Africa

Optimal design of gas intake in powder fuel supply systems is crucial for performance of aerospace *** is little research on the impact of intake structure on powder conveying *** novel internal intakes were proposed,which are spherical,cube-shaped,and *** validation,CFD simulations demonstrate that fluctuation of mass flow rate of powders in the dome-shaped intake is reduced by about 73.3%compared with the annular external *** trends of phase velocities are similar for the spherical and cube-shaped intakes,while those are similar for the annular external and dome-shaped internal *** of area of gas zone for the annular external and spherical internal intakes is larger than that for the cube-shaped and dome-shaped internal *** and relative pressure drop in the fluidization chamber have a stable stage,and fluctuation of relative pressure drop is small when dome-shaped internal intake is used.

关键词： Powder supply system Intake structure Dense gas-solid flow Two-fluid model Powder fluidization Pressure drop

Enhancement of anti-PD-L1 antibody plus anlotinib efficacy due to downregulation of PD-L1 in the micro-conduit endothelium within the tumor: a randomized double-blind trial

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第10期 951-962页

作者： Cuicui Zhang Tianqing Chu Qiming Wang Ying Cheng Yongxiang Zhang Ruili Wang Leilei Ma Chaonan Qian Baohui Han Kai Li Department of Thoracic Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer Department of Respiratory Medicine Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Internal Medicine Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University Henan Cancer Hospital Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology Jilin Cancer Hospital Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine Tianjin Chest Hospital Panovue Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Ltd Medical Affairs Department Chia-Tai Tian Qing Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd. Department of Radiation Oncology Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center

Objective: The possible enhancing effect of anlotinib on programmed death receptor ligand（PD-L1） antibody and the efficacypredicting power of PD-L1 in micro-conduit endothelium, including lymphatic endothelial cells（LECs） and blood endothelial cells（BECs）, were determined to identify patients who would benefit from this ***: PD-L1 positivity in LECs, BECs, and tumor cells（TCs） was assessed using paraffin sections with multicolor immunofluorescence in an investigator's brochure clinical trial of TQB2450（PD-L1 antibody） alone or in combination with anlotinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Progression-free survival（PFS） with different levels of PD-L1 expression was compared between the two ***: Among 75 patients, the median PFS（m PFS） was longer in patients who received TQB2450 with anlotinib [10 and 12 mg（161 and 194 days, respectively）] than patients receiving TQB2450 alone（61 days） [hazard ratio（HR）10 mg= 0.390（95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.201±0.756）, P = 0.005; HR12 mg= 0.397（0.208±0.756）, P = 0.005]. The results were similar among 58 patients with high PD-L1 expression in LECs and TCs [159 and 209 vs. 82 days, HR10 mg= 0.445（0.210±0.939）, P = 0.034; HR12 mg= 0.369（0.174±0.784）, P = 0.009], and 53 patients with high PD-L1 expression in BECs and TCs [161 and 209 vs. 41 days, HR10 mg= 0.340（0.156±0.742）, P = 0.007; HR12 mg= 0.340（0.159±0.727）, P = 0.005]. No differences were detected in the m PFS between the TQB2450 and combination therapy groups in 13 low/no LEC-expressing and 18 low/no BEC-expressing PD-L1 ***: Mono-immunotherapy is not effective in patients with high PD-L1 expression in LECs and/or BECs. Anlotinib may increase efficacy by downregulating PD-L1 expression in LECs and/or BECs, which is presumed to be a feasible marker for screening the optimal immune patient population undergoing anti-angiogenic therapy.

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Advancing large-scale thin-film PPLN nonlinear photonics with segmented tunable micro-heaters

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Photonics research 2024年第8期12卷 1703-1708页

作者： XIAOTING LI HAOCHUAN LI ZHENZHENG WANG ZHAOXI CHEN FEI MA KE ZHANG WENZHAO SUN CHENG WANG Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Physics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China City University of Hong Kong(Dongguan) Dongguan 523808China center of Information and Communication Technology City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhen 518057China State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Thin-film periodically poled lithium niobate(TF-PPLN)devices have recently gained prominence for efficient wavelength conversion processes in both classical and quantum ***,the patterning and poling of TF-PPLN devices today are mostly performed at chip scales,presenting a significant bottleneck for future largescale nonlinear photonic systems that require the integration of multiple nonlinear components with consistent performance and low ***,we take a pivotal step towards this goal by developing a wafer-scale TF-PPLN nonlinear photonic platform,leveraging ultraviolet stepper lithography and an automated poling *** address the inhomogeneous broadening of the quasi-phase matching(QPM)spectrum induced by film thickness variations across the wafer,we propose and demonstrate segmented thermal optic tuning modules that can precisely adjust and align the QPM peak wavelengths in each *** the segmented micro-heaters,we show the successful realignment of inhomogeneously broadened multi-peak QPM spectra with up to 57%enhancement of conversion *** achieve a high normalized conversion efficiency of 3802%W-1cm-2in a 6 mm long PPLN waveguide,recovering 84%of the theoretically predicted efficiency in this *** advanced fabrication techniques and segmented tuning architectures presented herein pave the way for wafer-scale integration of complex functional nonlinear photonic circuits with applications in quantum information processing,precision sensing and metrology,and low-noise-figure optical signal amplification.

关键词： tuning tunable waveguide

Flexible planar micro supercapacitor diode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 429-435,I0011页

作者： Yihui Ma Pei Tang Zhenyuan Miao Wuyang Tan Qijun Wang Yuecong Chen Guosheng Li Qingyun Dou Xingbin Yan Lingling Shui Guangdong Basic research center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and DevicesSchool of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering&South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004GuangxiChina

Supercapacitor diode is a novel ion device that performs both supercapacitor energy storage and ion diode rectification ***,previously reported devices are limited by their large size and complex *** this work,we demonstrate a screen-printed micro supercapacitor diode(MCAPode)that based on the insertion of a finger mode with spinel ZnCo_(2)O_(4) as cathode and activated carbon as anode for the first time,and featuring an excellent area specific capacitance(1.21 mF cm^(-2)at 10 mV s^(-1))and high rectification characteristics(rectification ratioⅠof 11.99 at 40 mV s^(-1)).Taking advantage of the ionic gel electrolyte,which provides excellent stability during repeated flexing and at high *** addition,MCAPode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and rectification capability in"AND"and"OR"logic *** findings provide practical solutions for future expansion of micro supercapacitor diode applications.

关键词： Micro devices Supercapacitor diodes Screen-printing Rectification Logic gates

Recent progress in co-detection of single-cell transcripts and proteins

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Nano research 2024年第1期17卷 132-150页

作者： Shanqing Huang Qian Fan Yidi Wang Zhi Huang Weixiong Shi Yanli Gong Ting Yang Jie Wang Lingling Wu Chaoyong Yang Discipline of Intelligent Instrument and Equipment College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Institute of Molecular Medicine Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of General Surgery Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361101China research center for Analytical Sciences Department of ChemistryCollege of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Cellular heterogeneity is a universal property of living systems,and the interrogation of single cells facilitates in-depth understanding of distinct cellular states and functions in various biological ***-analysis of transcripts and proteins from the same single cells opens the way to decipher complex RNA regulatory frameworks and phenotypes,facilitating the understanding of cellular fate and function regulations,discovery of novel cell types,and construction of a high-resolution cell ***,we review the state-of-art advances in the development of methodologies for co-analysis of single-cell transcripts and ***,imaging-based methods are summarized with particular emphasis on optical and mass spectrometry ***,sequencing-based approaches for high-throughput and sensitive co-analysis of single-cell transcripts and proteins are described,including droplet-,microwell-,and split-pool-based ***,combined methods with more flexibility and universality are *** methods commonly employ different strategies or reactions to convert transcripts and proteins of single cells into distinct signals simultaneously,which can be detected by different instruments or ***,some perspectives on the future challenges and development trends in this field are presented.

关键词： single cell optical imaging mass spectrometry imaging single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) co-detection