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CFD-DEM simulation of fluorination reaction in fluidized beds with local grid and time refinement method

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 145-157页

作者： Mofan Qiu Lin Jiang Rongzhen Liu Yaping Tang Malin Liu Institute of nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The gas-solid reaction process with wide particle size distribution is extensively used in the chemical engineering field,especially the particle reacts with the gas gradually,such as fluorination reactions in fluidized *** the computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM)is used for the coupling simulation of multiphase and polydisperse particle reaction system,the grid size directly affects the accuracy of flow field information and simulation of chemical ***,particle calculation time step will directly affect the efficiency of coupling *** this work,a local grid and time step refinement method is proposed to simulate multiphase and polydisperse particle fluid-ization reaction *** this method,the refined DEM grids are automatically generated in the computational domain around the fine particles,and the detailed fluid phase information is obtained with the interpolation *** the two-phase coupling process,particles are divided into different groups based on physical properties,each group has its own independent time *** multistage conical-cylindrical spouted bed is proposed for the fluorination reaction process;the operating gas ve-locity range of the polydisperse particle system is extended by the new design while the particle size distribution changes with the gas-solid reaction *** is demonstrated that the local grid and time step refinement method can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the traditional CFD-DEM method in the reaction process simulation,which describes a polydisperse particle system with wide particle size *** at improving the simulation accuracy and efficiency,this paper will be helpful for simulating the particle reaction process in the gas-solid fluidized bed and beneficial for the development of the CFD-DEM method.

关键词： CFD-DEM Polydisperse particle Two-phase flow Fluidized bed

CFD-DEM simulation of high density particles fluidization behaviors in 3D conical spouted beds

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 266-281页

作者： Lin Jiang Mofan Qiu Rongzheng Liu Bing Liu Youlin Shao Malin Liu Institute of nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The spouted bed has been used in the coating process of high-density nuclear fuel *** particle fluidization behaviors in pseudo-2D and 3D spouted beds were simulated and *** effects of four independent variables(cone angle,particle density,inlet gas velocity,and particle loading)on particle fluidization behaviors in the 3D spouted bed were investigated *** cone angle effect on fluidization mechanism was studied quantitatively first time.A new fluidization quality index was proposed based on the particle entrainment principle,and an extreme value was obtained when the cone angle was 60°,considered to be the optimum value for the 3D conical spouted *** was indicated the gas–solid contact efficiency can be kept up if the gas velocity was proportional to ρ_(p)^(0.65) and N_(p)^(0.78) when the particle density or loading was *** results will be useful for geometry and operation parameters design of the 3D conical spouted bed and helpful for developing the fluidization mechanism of high-density particles.

关键词： Spouted bed High-density particle CFD-DEM Fluidization quality index Particle loading

Halogen-bond induced unusual polyhalogen anions formation in hydrogen-bonded frameworks to secure iodine sequestration

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Nano research 2024年第7期17卷 6766-6772页

作者： Yi Xie Pengling Huang Qiang Gao Shiyu Wang Jianchen Wang Gang Ye Collaborative Innovation center of Advanced nuclear Energy Technology Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Safe confinement of fission iodine isotopes for long-term radioactive waste disposal remains a formidable challenge,as conventional sorbents provide inherently weak iodine-host *** report here a novel halogen bond(X-bond)directed strategy to sequester volatile iodine in hydrogen-bonded(H-bonded)frameworks with unprecedented ***-assisted Hbonded frameworks bearing open halide sites are developed,showing distinctive iodine encapsulation behaviors without compromising the *** crystallographic evidence indicates the formation of X-bonds,i.e.,I–I···Cl^(−) and I–I···Br^(−),within the confined pore *** polyhalogen anions,i.e.,[I_(2)Cl_(2)]^(2−)and[I_(2)Br_(2)]^(2−),sustained in H-bonded frameworks are identified for the first *** X-bond reinforced host-guest interaction affords robust iodine trapping without leaking out even at elevated temperatures up to 180℃.By integrating the halogen-bond chemistry with H-bonded frameworks,this study offers fresh concepts for developing effective host reservoirs to secure fission iodine isotopes from spent fuel reprocessing off-gases.

关键词： halogen-bond chemistry anion coordination chemistry hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks polyhalogen anions iodine confinement

Charge collection narrowing mechanism in electronic-grade-diamond photodetectors

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 1-3页

作者： Xiaoping Ouyang State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect and Radiation Detection research center Northwest Institute of Nuclear TechnologyXi’an 710024China

Recently,an extreme narrowband spectral response of only 8 nm in electronic-grade diamond-based photodetectors has been observed by Zheng Wei and his colleagues from Sun Yat-sen University for the first time.A charge collection narrowing mechanism assisted by free exciton radiative recombination is proposed,which well reveals the characteristic spectral response of diamond.

关键词： mechanism electronic extreme

Effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the Mechanical Properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al Neutron Absorbing Materials

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1411-1420页

作者： J.X.Cai B.M.Shi N.Li Y.Liu Z.G.Zhang Y.N.Zan Q.Z.Wang B.L.Xiao Z.Y.Ma Shi‑Changxu Innovation center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China nuclear Equipment Division Beijing Institute of Nuclear EngineeringChina Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Beijing 100840China Department of Materials Science School of Mechanical EngineeringShenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China

B_(4)C/Al composites are widely utilized as neutron absorbing materials for the storage and transportation of spent nuclear *** order to improve the high-temperature mechanical properties of B_(4)C/Al composites,in-situ nano-Al_(2)O_(3)was introduced utilizing oxide on Al powder *** this study,the Al_(2)O_(3)content was adjusted by utilizing spheroid Al powder with varying diameters,thereby investigating the impact of Al_(2)O_(3)content on the tensile properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al *** was found that the pinning effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the grain boundaries could hinder the recovery of dislocations and lead to dislocation accumulation at high *** the result,with the increase in Al_(2)O_(3)content and the decrease in grain size,the high-temperature strength of the composites increased *** finest Al powder used in this investigation had a diameter of 1.4μm,whereas the resultant composite exhibited a maximum strength of 251 MPa at room temperature and 133 MPa at 350℃,surpassing that of traditional B_(4)C/Al composites.

关键词： Al matrix composites Neutron absorbing materials (B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al composites High-temperature strength

Structure and 2p decay mechanism of^(18)Mg

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 145-154页

作者： Long Zhou De-Qing Fang Si-Min Wang Hui Hua Key Laboratory of nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai research center for Theoretical nuclear Physics NSFC and Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The recently discovered,extremely proton-rich nuclide 18 Mg exhibits ground-state decay via two sequential two-proton(2p)emissions through the intermediate nucleus,*** study investigates the structure and the initial 2p decay mechanism of^(18)Mgby examining the density and correlations of the valence protons using a three-body Gamow coupled-channel *** results show that the ground state of^(18)Mgis significantly influenced by the continuum,resulting in a significant s-wave ***,based on the current framework,this does not lead to a significant deviation in mirror symmetry in either the structure or spectroscopy of the 18Mg-18C ***,the time evolution analysis of the^(18)Mgground state suggests a simultaneous 2p emission during the first step of *** observed nucleon-nucleon correlations align with those of the light-mass 2p emitters,indicating a consistent decay behavior within this nuclear region.

关键词： Structure of^(18)Mg Two-proton decay Proton-proton correlation

Electromagnetic fields in ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 103-109页

作者： Jie Zhao Jin-Hui Chen Xu-Guang Huang Yu-Gang Ma Key Laboratory of nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai research center for Theoretical nuclear Physics NSFC and Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Physics Department and center for Particle Physics and Field Theory Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions(UPCs)offer unique opportunities to study processes under strong electromagnetic *** these collisions,highly charged fast-moving ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that can be effectively treated as photon *** exchange of photons can induce photonuclear and two-photon interactions and excite *** excitation of the ions results in Coulomb dissociation with the emission of photons,neutrons,and other ***,the electromagnetic fields generated by the ions can be sufficiently strong to enforce mutual interactions between the two colliding ***,the two colliding ions experience an electromagnetic force that pushes them in opposite directions,causing a back-to-back correlation in the emitted *** a Monte Carlo simulation,we qualitatively demonstrate that the above electromagnetic effect is large enough to be observed in UPCs,which would provide a clear means to study strong electromagnetic fields and their effects.

关键词： Electromagnetic fields Neutrons Ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions(UPC)

Development and Characterization of Novel FAP-Targeted Theranostic Pairs: A Bench-to-Bedside Study

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research 2024年第3期2023卷 473-485页

作者： Wei Huang Yizhen Pang Qiufang Liu Chenyi Liang Shuxian An Qianyun Wu You Zhang Gang Huang Haojun Chen Jianjun Liu Weijun Wei Department of nuclear Medicine Institute of Clinical Nuclear MedicineRenj HospitalSchool of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET center Xiamen Cancer CenterXiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361003China Department of nuclear Medicine Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is among the most popular targets in nuclear medicine imaging and cancer theranostics. Several small-molecule moieties (FAPI-04, FAPI-46, etc.) are used for developing FAP-targeted theranostic agents. Nonetheless, the circulation time of FAP inhibitors is relatively short, resulting in rapid clearance via kidneys, low tumor uptake, and associated unsatisfactory treatment efficacy. To address the existing drawbacks, we engineered 3 peptides named FD1, FD2, and FD3 with different circulation times through solid-phase peptide synthesis. All the 3 reported peptides bind to human and murine FAP with single-digit nanomolar affinity measured by surface plasmon resonance. The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of the agents labeled with 68Ga and 177Lu was assessed in several tumor models exhibiting different levels of FAP expression. While radiolabeled FD1 was rapidly excreted from kidneys, radiolabeled FD2/FD3 have significantly prolonged circulation, increased tumor uptake, and decreased kidney accumulation. Our findings indicated that [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FD1 positron emission tomography (PET) effectively detected FAP dynamics, whereas [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD2 and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD3 exhibited remarkable therapeutic efficacy in FAP-overexpressing tumor models, including pancreatic cancer cell models characterized by abundant stroma. Moreover, a pilot translational investigation demonstrated that [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FD1 had the capability to identify both primary and metastatic tumors with precision and distinction. In summary, we developed [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FD1 for same-day PET imaging of FAP dynamics and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD2 and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD3 for effective radioligand therapy of FAP-overexpressing tumors.

关键词： DOTA expressing labeled

Construction and performance test of charged particle detector array for MATE

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 92-100页

作者： Xiao‑Bin Li Long‑Hui Ru Zhi‑Chao Zhang Bing‑Feng Lv Ning‑Tao Zhang Jin‑Long Zhang Chen‑Gui Lu Bing‑Shui Gao Jun‑Bing Ma Fu‑Shuai Shi Satoru Terashima Xiao‑Dong Xu Zhen Bai Shi‑Wei Xu Yan‑Yun Yang Hooi‑Jin Ong Xiao‑Dong Tang Institute of Modern Physics(IMP) Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China research center for nuclear Physics Osaka UniversityIbarakiOsaka 567‑0047Japan RIKEN Nishina center WakoSaitama 351‑0198Japan Joint Department for nuclear Physics Lanzhou University and Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

A charged particle array named MATE-PA,which serves as an auxiliary detector system for a Multi-purpose Active-target Time projection chamber used in nuclear astrophysical and exotic beam Experiments(MATE),was *** array comprised of 20 single-sided strip-silicon detectors covering approximately 10%of the solid *** detectors facilitated the detection of reaction-induced charged particles that penetrate the active volume of the *** performance of MATE-PA has been experimentally studied using an alpha source and a 36-MeV 14 N beam injected into the MATE chamber on the radioactive ion beam line in Lanzhou(RIBLL).The chamber was filled with a gas mixture of 95%4 He and 5%CO_(2) at a pressure of 500 *** results indicated good separation of light-charged particles using the forward double-layer silicon detectors of *** energy resolution of the Si detectors was deduced to be approximately 1%(σ)for an energy loss of approximately 10 MeV caused by theα*** inclusion of MATE-PA improves particle identification and increases the dynamic range of the kinetic energy of charged particles,particularly that of theαparticles,up to approximately 15 MeV.

关键词： Silicon detector array Active target Time projection chamber