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A review of bambusicolous Ascomycota in China with an emphasis on species richness in southwest China

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Studies in Fungi 2022年第1期7卷 143-175页

作者： Hongbo Jiang Rungtiwa Phookamsak Sinang Hongsanan Darbhe J.Bhat Peter E.Mortimer Nakarin Suwannarach Pattana Kakumyan Jianchu Xu Centre for mountain futures Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Honghe Center for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHonghe County 654400YunnanChina CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia Office132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201YunnanChina Research center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Entomology&Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Formerly Department of BotanyGoa UniversityGoa 403206India No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.O.Goa Velha 403108India Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

Bamboos not only provide socio-economic benefits to communities within the region,but also provide ecosystem services such as soil-water conservation,stabilization of sandy soils and restoration of soil nutrients.Bambusicolous ascomycetes refer to ascomycetous fungi living on any substrate of bamboo.As the largest group of fungi on bamboo,they play a significant ecological value in species composition and the structure of the fungal community,circulation of materials and energy flow of nutritional elements.In an effort to document the bambusicolous Ascomycota found in China,we assessed all major sources of academic literature,journal papers,and the USDA database(https://nt.***.gov/fungaldatabases/fungushost/fungushost.cfm)for reports of these fungi from China.As a result,we produced a systematic and comprehensive checklist of bambusicolous Ascomycota in China.Current names of fungi,bamboo host name,bamboo substrate,details of collected localities,references and latest classification for every bambusicolous ascomycete in China are also provided.In addition,we focused on the species richness of bambusicolous Ascomycota in China with an emphasis on southwest China.

关键词： southwest details Bamboo

Constraints on generalized Chaplygin gas model including gamma-ray bursts

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第5期9卷 547-557页

作者： Fa-Yin Wang Zi-Gao Dai Shi Qi Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Purple mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Joint center for Particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology Nanjing University- Purple Mountain Observatory Nanjing 210093 China

Generalized Chaplygin gas （whose equation of state is PGCG = -A/ρGCG^α） was proposed as a candidate for unification of dark energy and dark matter. We investigate constraints on this model with the latest observed data. We test the model with type-Ia supernovae （SNe Ia）, cosmic microwave background （CMB） anisotropy, X-ray gas mass fractions in clusters, and gamma-ray bursts （GRBs）. We calibrate the GRB luminosity relations without assuming any cosmological models using SNe Ia. We show that GRBs can extend the Hubble diagram to higher redshifts （z 〉 6）. The GRB Hubble diagram is well behaved and delineates the shape of the Hubble diagram well. We measure As≡A/ρGCG,0^α＋1 =0.68-0.08^＋0.04（where PGCG,0 is the energy density today） and α=-0.22 -0.13^＋0.15 at the 1σ confidence level using all the datasets. Our results rule out the standard Chaplygin gas model （α = 1） at the 3σ confidence level. The ACDM is allowed at the 2σ confidence level. We find that acceleration could have started at a redshift of z - 0.70. The concordance of the generalized Chaplygin gas model with the age estimate of an old high redshift quasar is found. In addition, we show that GRBs can break the degeneracy between the generalized Chaplygin gas model and the XCDM model.

关键词： gamma-rays bursts -- cosmology theory

Landscape influences and management countermeasures of ginseng planting near Changbai mountain nature reserve

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第6期33卷 1939-1948页

作者： Mingfang Tang Sha Qiu Lijie Liu Tao Li Shanlin Li Tianshu Yu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Jilin Provincial Joint Key Laboratory of Changbai mountain Biocoenosis and Biodiversity Changbai Mountain Academy of Science133613YanbianJilinPeople’s Republic of China National Science Library Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China

Ginseng planting in Northeast China brings economic benefits but affects forest landscape integrity and native ecological processes.In order to quantify the impacts of ginseng planting on the forest landscape,Fusong County in Jilin Province was selected as a study area.The number and distribution of ginseng fields over different time was quantified based on remote sensing and ground surveys.Grid analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to study the impacts of ginseng planting on the landscape.The results showed that altitudes and slopes of ginseng fields increased and became increasingly scattered and smaller closer to the Changbai mountain Nature Reserve.Ginseng fields and abandoned fields increased total patches and total area of the local forested landscape,and shared edge lengths between ginseng fields and forests,resulting in continuous fragmentation of the landscape.Although the total area of existing and abandoned ginseng fields accounts for a small fraction of the total landscape,their negative impacts on ecosystem conservation is significant.The local government needs to rationally plan ginseng planting,scientifically implement the restoration of abandoned ginseng lands,and enhance awareness of ginseng farmers to environmental stewardship.Our study has important significance for maintaining the healthy and stable development of the local ginseng industry and for improving the quality of regional ecological environment.

关键词： Ginseng planting Agroforestry system Land use Landscape fragmentation Forest degradation Changbai mountain Nature Reserve

Zero-emission public transit could be a catalyst for decarbonization of the transportation and power sectors

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Clean Energy 2021年第3期5卷 492-504页

作者： Anthony Y.Ku Andrew de Souza Jordan McRobie Jimmy XLi Jaimie Levin NICE America Research Mountain ViewCA 94043USA National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy Beijing 102209P.R.China center for Transportation and the Environment BerkeleyCA 94704USA

Reaching carbon neutrality will require investment on an unprecedented scale.Here we suggest that there is an underappreciated opportunity to leverage public funds to mobilize private capital in support of these aims.We illustrate the point using examples from public transit.Although the fuelling energy requirements of public fleets represent a small fraction of the eventual total demand across the transportation sector,the predictable and long-term nature of the refuelling profiles can reduce the financing risk.With appropriate coordination across the energy supply chain,near-term investments can be used to support scale-up of wider efforts to decarbonize the transportation sector and electric grid.We present two examples from California-one related to overnight power for battery electric bus charging and the other related to medium-scale supply chains for zero-carbon hydrogen production-to illustrate how this might be achieved.

关键词： carbon neutrality electric vehicles fuel-cell vehicles hydrogen infrastructure net-zero emissions public transit transition

Extreme climate projections over the transboundary Koshi River Basin using a high resolution regional climate model

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2017年第3期8卷 199-211页

作者： Rupak RAJBHANDARI Arun Bhakta SHRESTHA Santosh NEPAL Shahriar WAHID REN Guo-Yu Department of Meteorology Tri-Chandra Campus Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal International Centre for Integrated mountain Development Kathmandu Nepal National Climate center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The high-resolution climate model Providing REgional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) was used to project the changes in futureextreme precipitation and temperature over the Koshi River Basin for use in impact assessments. Three outputs of the Quantifying Uncertaintiesin Model Prediction (QUMP) simulations using the Hadley Centre Couple Model (HadCM3) based on the IPCC SRES A1B emission scenario were used to project the future climate. The projections were analysed for three time slices, 2011e2040 (near future), 2041e2070 (mid-century), and 2071e2098 (distant future). The results show an increase in the future frequency and intensity of climate extremes events such as dry days, consecutive dry days, and very wet days (95th percentile), with greater increases over the southern plains than in the mountainous area to the north. A significant decrease in moderate rainfall days (75th percentile) is projected over the middle (high) mountain and trans-Himalaya areas. Increases are projected in both the extreme maximum and extreme minimum temperature, with a slightly higher rate in minimum temperature. The number of warm days is projected to increase throughout the basin, with more rapid rates in the trans-Himalayan and middle mountain areas than in the plains. Warm nights are also projected to increase, especially in the southern plains. A decrease is projected in cold days and cold nights indicating overall warming throughout the basin.

关键词： Climate change Climate projection Koshi basin PRECIS Extreme climate

Four types of acoustic emission characteristics during granular stick-slip evolution

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Journal of mountain Science 2022年第1期19卷 276-288页

作者： LIU Zi-ming JIANG Yao WANG Dao-jie FU Yan-ju Key Laboratory of mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Chengdu 610041China China-Pakistan Joint Research center on Earth Sciences(CAS-HEC) Islamabad 45320Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The shear behavior of granular materials plays an important role in understanding the occurrence of geological hazards. This study introduces the use of direct shear tests and acoustic emission(AE) technology on glass beads to investigate the distributions features of AE during the stick-slip processes. Results show that the shearing behavior of granular samples was shown as a series of similar, periodic stick-slip events. Some AE features — energy and Root Mean Square(RMS) —showed significant spatial clustering. Combined with the distribution of AE in the stick-slip event, the AE signal can be divided into four types: 1. low-energy and highfrequency AE, which represent particle friction;2. highenergy and low-frequency AE, which represent structural failure, that is, the slip process;3. low-RMS and lowfrequency AE represent internal local failure;and 4.high-RMS and high-frequency AE caused by overall structure failure. The b-value representing the energy distribution of AEs is used to describe the changing of AE sources during shear process. In addition, the amount and energy of AE had a significant positive correlation with normal stress. The shear rate mainly affects the AE representing particle friction, and the faster the shear rate, the lower the incidence of these friction AEs. According to the time sequence of the occurrence of different types of AE, AE rate, b-value and local failure AE signal can be applied to the prediction or early warning of geological hazards.

关键词： Acoustic emission Granular material Deformation Direct shear test Friction Stick-slip

A DHR executor selection algorithm based on historical credibility and dissimilarity clustering

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 288-301页

作者： Sisi SHAO Yimu JI Weili ZHANG Shangdong LIU Fei JIANG Zhigang CAO Fei WU Fukang ZENG Jun ZUO Longfei ZHOU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Institue of High Performance Computing and Bigdata Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple mountain Laboratories Nanjing center of HPC China Jiangsu HPC and Intelligent Processing Engineer Research center School of Foreign Languages Information Engineering University The 28th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

The security of the dynamic heterogeneous redundancy(DHR) architecture relies on the heterogeneity of its executors, which also defines the vulnerability of the mimic system. In order to select executors with reliable and significant dissimilarity as service executors, we propose a DHR executor selection algorithm based on historical credibility and dissimilarity clustering(HCDC), which adds two metrics of executor historical credibility and dissimilarity. First, to maximize the difference between heterogeneous executor pools,clustering is performed based on the dissimilarity of the executor. Second, the executor with the highest historical credibility is selected from the heterogeneous executor pool as the candidate pool. The historical credibility is dynamically updated by the negative feedback control based on the results of the multi-mode adjudicator. Finally, the dynamic scheduling algorithm selects the executors from the candidate pool to form the set of service executors. The simulation results demonstrate that, in comparison to existing methods,the algorithm reduces the attack success rate and average failure rate while increasing system reliability.

关键词： endogenous security mimic defense DHR executor selection historical credibility

Problems and solutions regarding generalized functional safety in cyberspace

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Security and Safety 2022年第1期1卷 90-102页

作者： JiangXing Wu National Digital Switching System Engineering&Technological R&D center Zhengzhou 450002China Purple mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China

The common endogenous security problems in cyberspace and related attack threats have posed subversive challenges to conventional theories and methods of functional safety.In the current design of the cyber physical system(CPS),functional safety and cyber security are increasingly intertwined and inseparable,which evolve into the generalized functional safety(S&S)problem.The conventional reliability and cybersecurity technologies are unable to provide security assurance with quanti able design and veri cation metrics in response to the cyberattacks in hardware and software with common endogenous security problems,and the functional safety of CPS facilities or device has become a frightening ghost.The dynamic heterogeneity redundancy(DHR)architecture and coding channel theory(CCT)proposed by the cyberspace endogenous security paradigm could handle random failures and uncertain network attacks in an integrated manner,and its generalized robust control mechanism can solve the universal problem of quantitative design for functional safety under probability or improbability perturbation.As a generalized functional safety enabling structure,DHR opens up a new direction to solve the common endogenous security problems in the cross-disciplinary elds of cyberspace.

关键词： Common endogenous security problem Generalized functional safety(S&S) Dynamic heterogeneity redundancy(DHR)architecture General robust control mechanism Coding channel theory Common cross-disciplinary eld problems

Prediction of malaria cases in the southeastern Iran using climatic variables:An 18-year SARIMA time series analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第10期14卷 463-471页

作者： Hamid Reza Tohidinik Hossein Keshavarz Mehdi Mohebali Mandana Sanjar Gholamreza Hassanpour HIV/STI Surveillance Research center and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV SurveillanceInstitute for Futures Studies in HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran(CREPI) Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Medical Parasitology&Mycology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

Objective:To predict future trends in the incidence of malaria cases in the southeast of Iran as the most important area of malaria using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(SARIMA)model,and to check the effect of meteorological variables on the disease incidence.Methods:SARIMA method was applied to fit a model on malaria incidence from April 2001 to March 2018 in Sistan and Baluchistan province in southeastern Iran.Climatic variables such as temperature,rainfall,rainy days,humidity,sunny hours and wind speed were also included in the multivariable model as covariates.Then,the best fitted model was adopted to predict the number of malaria cases for the next 12 months.Results:The best-fitted univariate model for the prediction of malaria in the southeast of Iran was SARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1,1)12[Akaike Information Criterion(AIC)=307.4,validation root mean square error(RMSE)=0.43].The occurrence of malaria in a given month was mostly related to the number of cases occurring in the previous 1(p=1)and 12(P=1)months.The inverse number of rainy days with 8-month lag(β=0.3292)and temperature with 3-month lag(β=-0.0026)were the best predictors that could improve the predictive performance of the univariate model.Finally,SARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1,1)12 including mean temperature with a 3-month lag(validation RMSE=0.414)was selected as the final multivariable model.Conclusions:The number of malaria cases in a given month can be predicted by the number of cases in the prior 1 and 12 months.The number of rainy days with an 8-month lag and temperature with a 3-month lag can improve the predictive power of the model.

关键词： Malaria Time series SARIMA Forecasting Climate Iran