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Plant and fungal species interactions differ between aboveground and belowground habitats in mountain forests of eastern China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 1134-1150页

作者： Teng Yang Leho Tedersoo Pamela S.Soltis Douglas E.Soltis Miao Sun Yuying Ma Yingying Ni Xu Liu Xiao Fu Yu Shi Han-Yang Lin Yun-Peng Zhao Chengxin Fu Chuan-Chao Dai Jack A.Gilbert Haiyan Chu State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Mycology and Microbiology center University of TartuTartu 50409Estonia College of Science King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesville 32611USA College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Systematic&Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis&ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210003China Department of Pediatrics School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA

Plant and fungal species interactions drive many essential ecosystem properties and processes;however,how these interactions differ between aboveground and belowground habitats remains unclear at large spatial scales.Here,we surveyed 494 pairwise fungal communities in leaves and soils by Illumina sequencing,which were associated with 55 woody plant species across more than 2,000-km span of mountain forests in eastern China.The relative contributions of plant,climate,soil and space to the variation of fungal communities were assessed,and the plant-fungus network topologies were inferred.Plant phylogeny was the strongest predictor for fungal community composition in leaves,accounting for 19.1%of the variation.In soils,plant phylogeny,climatic factors and soil properties explained 9.2%,9.0%and 8.7%of the variation in soil fungal community,respectively.The plant-fungus networks in leaves exhibited significantly higher specialization,modularity and robustness(resistance to node loss),but less complicated topology(e.g.,significantly lower linkage density and mean number of links)than those in soils.In addition,host/fungus preference combinations and key species,such as hubs and connectors,in bipartite networks differed strikingly between aboveground and belowground samples.The findings provide novel insights into cross-kingdom(plant-fungus)species co-occurrence at large spatial scales.The data further suggest that community shifts of trees due to climate change or human activities will impair aboveground and belowground forest fungal diversity in different ways.

关键词： bipartite network analyses foliar endophytic fungi modularity mountain forests plant phylogeny effect soil fungi specialization stability

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Spatial Distribution of Land Cover and Vegetation Activity along Topographic Gradient in an Arid River Valley, SW China

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Journal of mountain Science 2009年第3期6卷 274-285页

作者： LIU Wen XU Xianli LUO Jiancheng SHEN Zhanfeng ZHONG Qiuhai Department of Automatic Control School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Centre for Hydrology Micrometeorology and Climate Change Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University College Cork Cork Ireland

Anthropogenic activities have become more and more important in characterizing the landscape, but their impacts are still restricted by natural environments. This paper discusses the interactions of anthropogenic activity, vegetation activity and topography through describing the spatial distribution of land cover and vegetation activity (represented by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) along topographic gradient in a mountainous area of southwestern China. Our results indicate that the existing landscape pattern is controlled by anthropogenic activities as well as topographic factors. Intensive anthropogenic activities mainly occur in areas with relatively low elevation, gentle and concave slopes, as these areas are easy and convenient to attain for human. Because of the destruction by human, some land cover types (mainly grassland and shrub) are only found in relatively harsher environments. This study also finds that topographic wetness index (W) used in other places only reflects runoff generation capacity, but not indicate the real spatial pattern of soil water content in this area. The relationships between NDVI and W, and NDVI and length slope factor (LSF) show that runoff and erosion have complex effects on vegetation activity. Greater values of W and LSF will lead to stronger capacity to produce runoff and transport sediment, and thereby increase soil water content and soil deposition, whereas beyond a certain threshold runoff and erosion are so strong that they would destruct vegetation growth. This study provides information needed to successfully restore native vegetation, improve land management, and promote sustainable development in mountainous areas, especially for developing regions.

关键词：空间分布植被活动土地覆盖流域梯度干旱地形中国

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A terrain openness index for the extraction of karst Fenglin and Fengcong landform units from DEMs

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Journal of mountain Science 2018年第4期15卷 752-764页

作者： MENG Xin XIONG Li-yang YANG Xian-wu YANG Bi-sheng TANG Guo-an Key laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of Education Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province) Nanjing 210023 China Jiangsu center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023 China State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China

The Fenglin and Fengcong landform units are considered to be an important representation for defining the degree of development of Karst landforms. However, these terrain features have been proven difficult to delineate and extract automatically because of their complex morphology. In this paper, a new method for identifying the Fenglin and Fengcong landform units is proposed. This method consists of two steps:(1) terrain openness calculation and(2) toe line extraction. The proposed method is applied and validated in the Karst case area of Guilin by using ASTER GDEM with one arc-second resolution. The openness of both the positive and negative terrain and a threshold were used to extract toe lines for segmenting depressions and pinnacles in Fenglin and Fengcong landforms. A comparison between the extracted Fenglin and Fengcong landform units and their real units from high resolution images wascarried out to evaluate the capability of the proposed method. Results show the proposed method can effectively extract the Fenglin and Fengcong landform units, and has an overall accuracy of 93.28%. The proposed method is simple and easy to implement and is expected to play an important role in the automatic extraction of similar landform units in the Karst area.

关键词：石灰岩地区自动抽取地形单位地面 DEM 索引高分辨率

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How do stream processes affect hazard exposure on alluvial fans? Insights from an experimental study

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Journal of mountain Science 2020年第4期17卷 753-772页

作者： Bruno MAZZORANA Elisa GHIANDONI Lorenzo PICCO Universidad Austral de Chile Faculty of SciencesInstituto de Ciencias de la Tierra5090000 ValdiviaChile Universidad Austral de Chile RINA–Natural and Anthropogenic Risks Research Center5090000 ValdiviaChile Universidad Austral de Chile Laboratory of HydromorphologyFaculty of Forest Sciences and Natural Resources5090000 ValdiviaChile University of Padova Department of LandEnvironmentAgriculture and Forestry35020 LegnaroItaly

Alluvial fans are among the most privileged settlement areas in many mountain regions. These landforms are particularly dynamic being episodically affected by distributary processes generated by extreme flood events. Addressing risk assessment entails determining hazard exposure and unravelling how it might be related to process loading and to process dynamics once the flow becomes unconfined on the surface of alluvial fans. By following a ‘similarity of process concept’, rather than by attempting to scale a real-world prototype, we performed a set of 72 experimental runs on an alluvial fan model. Thereby, we considered two model layouts, one without a guiding channel and featuring a convex shape and the other one with a guiding channel, a bridge, and inclined but planar overland flow areas as to mirror an anthropic environment. Process magnitude and intensity parameters were systematically varied, and the associated biphasic distributary processes video recorded. For each experiment, the exposure was detected by mapping the exposed area in a GIS, thereby discerning between areas exposed to biphasic flows and the associated depositional phenomena or to the liquid flow phase only. Our results reveal that total event volume, sediment availability and stream power in the feeding channel, as well as depositional effects, avulsion, and channelization on the alluvial fan concur to determine the overall exposure. Stream process loading alone, even when rigorously defined in terms of its characterizing parameters, is not sufficient to exhaustively determine exposure. Hence, further developing reliable biphasic simulation models for hazard assessment on settled alluvial fans is pivotal.

关键词： Alluvial fan Hazard Exposure Flood risk Experimental model Process similarity

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Temporal changes in wetland plant communities with decades of cumulative water pollution in two plateau lakes in China's Yunnan Province

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Journal of mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1350-1357页

作者： WANG Si-hai WU Chao XIAO De-rong WANG Juan CHENG Xi-ping GUO Fang-bin Key Laboratory of the State Forestry Administration on Conservation of Rare Endangered and Endemic Forest PlantsYunnan Academy of Forestry National Plateau Wetlands Research center Southwest Forestry University State Key laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Exploitation of Forest Plants Yunnan Academy of Forestry Faculty of Ecotourism Southwest Forestry University

Wetland plant communities in the plateau lakes of Yunnan Province, China, have decreased significantly over the past decades. To better understand this degradation, we analyzed the processes and characteristics of changes in wetland plant communities in two of the largest lakes in Yunnan Province, Dianchi and Erhai lakes. We collected records of native and alien plant communities in the two lakes from literature published from the 1950 s to current period. We calculated plant community types and their area in some historical periods when related data were reported, and analyzed the relationship between changes in plant communities and water pollution. InDianchi Lake, 12 community types of native plant communities, covering over 80% of the surface in the 1950 s and 1960 s, were reduced to four types covering 2.4% by the late 2000 s. Alien plant communities started to appear in the lake in the late 1970 s, and have since come to cover 4.9% of the lake surface,thereby becoming dominant. In Erhai Lake, 16 community types of native plant communities,covering 47.1% of the lake surface in the late 1970 s,declined to 10 community types, covering 9.3% of the surface, by the late 2000 s. Alien plant communities appeared in the middle 1980 s, and at present cover 0.7% of the surface area. It was indicated that changes in plant communities were significant related to water eutrophication. The area occupied by native and alien plant communities was, respectively, negatively andpositively related to the content of nutrients in water.This showed lacustrine pollution played an important role in native plant loss and alien plant invasion in the two plateau lakes.

关键词：植物群落类型高原湖泊湿地植物水污染云南省时空变化中国累积

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics of a Páramo Ecosystem in the Northern Ecuadorian Andes 1988-2007

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Journal of mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 708-716页

作者： Oliver WIGMORE Jay GAO School of Environment University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand Department of Geography The Ohio State University 1036 Derby Hall 154 N Oval Mall Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Byrd Polar Research center The Ohio State University 108 Scott Hall 1090 Carmack Road Ohio 43210 USA School of Environment University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand

Páramo is a term used to describe tropical alpine vegetation between the continuous timberline and the snow line in the Northern Andes. Páramo environments provide important species habitat and ecosystem services. Changes in spatial extent of the páramo ecosystem at Pambamarca in the Central Cordillera of the northern Ecuadorian Andes were analysed using multi-temporal Landsat TM/ETM+ satellite data. The region suffered a loss of 1826.6 ha or 20% of the total area at a rate of 100 ha/annum during 1988-2007 period. It is found that permanent páramo cover decreased from 8350 ha in 1988 to 5864 ha in 2007 at a fairly constant rate(R2=0.94). This loss is attributed to expansion of commercial agriculture and floriculture in the valleys coupled with increased population pressure. Land at higher elevations has been cleared for small scale agriculture. Loss of the páramo ecosystem will exert a number of negative impacts on ecosystem services and livelihoods of the local population at Pambamarca.

关键词：生态系统服务安第斯山脉厄瓜多尔时空动态 Landsat 规模农业高山植被空间范围

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Physcomitrium（subgenus Cryptopyxis） delicatulum（Funariaceae, Bryophyta）, an addition to the Chinese bryoflora from Guizhou Province, S. W. China

Physcomitrium（subgenus Cryptopyxis） delicatulum（Funariace...

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中国植物学会第十六次全国会员代表大会暨85周年学术年会

作者： Wei Cao Yuan-Xin Xiong De-Gang Zhao Jiao-Jiao Qu College of Life Science Guizhou University The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in mountainous Region(Ministry of Education) Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life ScienceGuizhou University The 2011 Collaboration Innovation center for mountain Ecology and Agro-Bioengineering in Guizhou Province Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of EducationGuizhou University Institute of Fungus Resources College of Life SciencesGuizhou University

Physcomitrium delicatucum Crum.＆ Ander.,earlier known from Mexico and India,is here reported from Guizhou Province,Southwestern China.The species belongs to Physcomitrium subgenus Cryptopyxis,which is just accomodated 6 species and characterized by immersed capsule,differentiated operculum et al..This subgenus is newly recorded from China.P.delicatucum can be readily distinguished from the hitherto known Chinese species of the genus in having immersed capsule without a neck and unlobed calyptra.Illustrations of each part of this species are provided.The distributions and identification key to the Chinese species of the genus are also provided.

关键词： Physcomitrium delicatucum Subgenus Cryptopyxis New record China

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Fourteen Actions and Six Proposals for Science and Technology-Based Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia Second Asian Science and Technology Conference for Disaster Risk Reduction:SciencePolicy Dialogue for Implementation of the Sendai Framework,April 2018

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第2期9卷 275-279页

作者： Peijun Shi Rajib Shaw Ali Ardalan Emily Ying Yang Chan Jamilur Reza Choudhury Peng Cui Bojie Fu Guoyi Han Qunli Han Takako Izumi Fumiko Kasuga Antonia Yulo Loyzaga Joy Jacqueline PereiraShirish Kumar Ravan David Sanderson Vinod Kumar Sharma Frank Thomalla Sugeng Triutomo Siquan Yang Qian Ye Ming Wang Yaqiao Wu Renhe Zhang Wenjian Zhang Ying Li Saini Yang State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio UniversityShonan Fujisawa Campus(SFC)FujisawaKanagawa 252-0882Japan Department of Disaster and Emergency Health Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina University of Asia Pacific DhakaBangladesh The Institute of mountain Hazards and Environment(IMHE) Chinese Academy of SciencesChengduChina Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Stockholm Environment Institute StockholmSweden Integrated Research on Disaster Risk BeijingChina International Research Institute of Disaster Science(IRIDeS) Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan Future Earth TokyoJapan Manila Observatory Quezon CityPhilippines Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative(SEADPRI-UKM) Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiMalaysia United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs(UNOOSA) ViennaAustria The University of New South Wales Sydney SydneyAustralia Disaster Management/Consultant at Indian Institute of Public Administration New DelhiIndia Stockholm Environment Institute BangkokThailand Disaster Risk Reduction Foundation Daerah Khusus IbukotaIndonesia National Disaster Reduction center of China Ministry of Emergency ManagementBeijingChina Integrated Risk Governance Program Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency ManagementFaculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Fudan University ShanghaiChina World Meteorological Organization GenevaSwitzerland

1 Introduction The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 shifts the focus from managing disasters to reducing risks.Such a shift requires a better understanding of risk in all its dimensions of envir... 详细信息

关键词： disaster Actions Reduction governance dimensions managing vulnerability technological innovative urgent

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Biomass growth characteristics of 13-year-old Pinus densiflora S.et Z.in a post-fire plantation on different contour conditions in Samcheuk,Korea

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Journal of mountain Science 2016年第7期13卷 1238-1244页

作者： Lee Ju-Hyoung Lee Do-Hyung Kim Do-Hyun Park Jin-Hwa KimJae-Hee Department of Forest Resources Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 712-749Republic of Korea Useful Plant Resources center Korea National ArboretumYangpgeong-gun 12519Republic of Korea Korea Forest Welfare Institute Therapy-ro 209Bonghyeon-myeonYeongju-siGyeongsangbuk-doRepublic of Korea Department of forest genetic resources National Institute of Forest Science57HoegiroDongdaemun-guSeoul 02455Republic of Korea

We used preliminary data to estimate the growth volume of artificially reforested Pinus densiflora in a post-fire area on three different contour conditions. We compared the growth of P. densiflora on a south-facing slope(Ssth), north-facing slope(Snth) and ridge area(Ridge), using 7 trees selected from each stand aspect. The tree height, diameter and growth volume were measured and the dry weight of each plant part were compared and analyzed. The results revealed that the total dry weight was highest on Ssth(5992.3 g), followed by Snth(4833.2 g) and lowest on Ridge(3160.1 g). The height growth was highest on Snth(285.8 cm), followed by Ssth(274.5 cm) and lowest on Ridge(211.5 cm). The diameter growth was greatest on Ssth(7.37 cm), followed by Snth(7.10 cm) and lowest on Ridge(5.72 cm). The volume growth was highest on Ssth(4257.7 cm3), followed by Snth(3750.7 cm3) and lowest on Ridge(2093.7 cm3). Therefore, we should consider and include the concept of slope orientation together with differences in habitat environments in afforestation projects when creating artificial forests with P. densiflora. These study results can serve as important preliminary data for future establishment of artificial forest of P. densiflora in a post-fire plantation.

关键词：生长特点外形赤松韩国直径生长 Pinus 栖息地环境人工造林

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A multiple-proxy stalagmite record reveals historical deforestation in central Shandong, northern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第10期63卷 1622-1632页

作者： Liangcheng TAN Wen LIU Tianli WANG Peng CHENG Jingjie ZANG Xiqian WANG Le MA Dong LI Jianghu LAN R.Lawrence EDWARDS Hai CHENG Hai XU Li AI Yongli GAO Yanjun CAI State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment Changes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China 801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral ResourcesJinan 250014China Shandong Engineering Research center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater Jinan 250014China Library of Chang’an University Xi’an 710064China Department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210097China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at San AntonioSan Antonio TX 78249USA

Evaluating anthropogenic impacts on regional vegetation changes during historical time is not only important for a better understanding of the Anthropocene but also valuable in improving the vegetation-climate models.In this study,we analyzed stable isotopes(δ^18O,δ^13C)and trace elements(Mg/Ca,Sr/Ca)of a stalagmite from Huangchao Cave in central Shandong,northern China.230Th and AMS14C dating results indicate the stalagmite deposited during 174BC and AD1810,with a hiatus between AD638 and 1102.Broad similarities of theδ^18O and trace elements in the stalagmite suggest they are reliable precipitation indexes.Theδ^13C of the stalagmite,a proxy of vegetation change,was generally consistent with local precipitation and temperature variations on a centennial-scale before the 15th century.It typically varied from–9.6‰to–6.3‰,indicating climate controlled C3 type vegetation during this period.However,a persistent and marked increasing trend in theδ^13C record was observed since the 15th century,resulting inδ^13C values from–7.7‰to–1.6‰in the next four centuries.This unprecedentedδ^13C change caused by vegetation deterioration cannot be explained by climate change but is fairly consistent with the dramatically increasing population and farmland in Shandong.We suggest that the increasing deforestation and reclamation in central Shandong began to affect vegetation in the mountain region of central Shandong since the 15th century and severely destroyed or even cleared the forest during the 16th–18th century.

关键词： Speleothem Stable isotopes Trace elements Deforestation Human activity 16th century

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