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Event-based optimization with random packet dropping

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第11期63卷 175-194页

作者： Qing-Shan JIA Jing-Xian TANG Zhenning LANG Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of AutomationTsinghua University NetEase Inc.

Event-based optimization(EBO) provides a general framework for policy optimization in many discrete event dynamic systems where decision making is triggered by events that represent state transitions with common features. Because the number of events can be defined by the user and usually increases linearly with respect to the system scale, EBO has good potential to address large-scale problems where the state space grows exponentially. However, in many practical systems, sensors are geographically distributed and connected to a central controller through imperfect communication channels. Therefore, events observed by the sensors may not reach the controller. Optimization methods of event-based policies in these cases have not yet been identified. In this paper, we consider this important problem and make three major contributions. First, we formulate a mathematical EBO model in which the communication between sensors and controllers is subject to random packet dropping. Second, we show that this EBO model can be converted to another EBO model with perfect communication. Then, the performance difference equation and the performance derivative equation for event-based policies are straightforward to develop. One gradient-based policy iteration algorithm is developed for problems where the state transition probabilities are explicitly known, while another for problems where they are unknown. Third, the performance of the algorithms and the impact of the packet dropping probability on policy performance are numerically demonstrated on a single-zone occupant level estimation problem in buildings.

关键词： event-based optimization packet dropping discrete event dynamic systems

Common quantitative characteristics of music melodies——pursuing the constrained entropy maximization casually in composition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第7期65卷 240-242页

作者： Nan NAN Xiaohong GUAN Yixin WANG Youtian DU MOE KLINNS Lab Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Tsinghua University

Music with a beautiful melody has been appreciated by humankind for thousands of years. Almost all music is generally tonal, e.g., Western music originated from ancient Greece and developed for more than 300 years from Baroque to classical, romantic, and modern music. Tonal music has a tonal center with a melody named tonic, and it is based on a specific pitch series called mode scale and harmonic progressions. On the contrary,

关键词： Power Law music melody variations complementary communitive distribution entropy functional optimization

On large action space in EV charging scheduling optimization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 45-60页

作者： Zhaoyu JIANG Qing-Shan JIA Xiaohong GUAN Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Automation Tsinghua University MOE KLINNS Lab Xi'an Jiaotong University

In order to reduce the air pollution by traditional fossil fuel and save the charging cost, much attention has been paid to the charging scheduling of electric vehicles(EVs) in the uncertain supplement of wind power and solar power. Owing to the randomness in the renewable power generation and the EV charging demand, simulation-based policy improvement(SBPI) has been well adopted for making charging decision. However, it is challenging to explore the large action space which grows exponentially with respect to the system scale. We consider this important problem in this paper and make the following contributions.First, we explore the structural property of the problem and develop an urgency index to rank the EVs.Second, we apply three methods to search in the action space. Third, we numerically demonstrate the performance of the urgency index and the search methods, and compare the SBPI methods with the CPLEXbased method. It shows that SBPI improves the base policies in all these cases.

关键词： EV simulation-based policy improvement large action space sampling

On distributed event-based optimization for shared economy in cyber-physical energy systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 11-13页

作者： Qing-Shan JIA Junjie WU Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems (CFINS) Department of AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist)Tsinghua University

Dear editor,In order to accommodate the sharp increase in energy consumption and environmental pollution, it is important to coordinate the supply and the demand. This has become a key feature in a cyberphysical energy system (CPES), where the energy consumer and supplier share information with each other to improve the overall energy efficiency and therefore to reduce the environmental pollution.Shared economy has risen sharply across the globe and becomes an effective model to improve the efficiency in an investment. Examples include but are

关键词： Figure EBO On distributed event-based optimization for shared economy in cyber-physical energy systems

A review on charging behavior of electric vehicles:data,model,and control

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Control Theory and Technology 2020年第3期18卷 217-230页

作者： Qing-Shan JIA Teng LONG Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems(CFINS) Department o f AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The adoption and usage of electric vehicles(EVs)have emerged recently due to the increasing concerns on the greenhouse gas issues and energy revolution.As a part of the smart grid,EVs can provide valuable ancillary services beyond consumers of electricity.However,EVs are gradually considered as nonnegligible loads due to their increasing penetration,which may result in negative effects such as voltage deviations,lines saturation,and power losses.Relationship and interaction among EVs,charging stations,and micro grid have to be considered in the next generation of smart grid.Therefore,the topic of smart charging has been the focus of many works where a wide range of control methods have been developed.As one of the bases of simulation,the EV charging behavior and characteristics have also become the focus of many studies.In this work,we review the charging behavior of EVs from the aspects of data,model,and control.We provide the links for most of the data sets reviewed in this work,based on which interested researchers can easily access these data for further investigation.

关键词： Electric vehicle charging behavior data and model

A Multi-agent Based Evaluation Framework and Its Applications

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2014年第2期1卷 218-224页

作者： Jinlong Wang Qianchuan Zhao Haitao Li center for intelligent and networked System Department of AutomationTsinghua University

The evaluation system is significant for assessment of technologies, experiments, energy cost and effectiveness, especially for the complicated engineering systems, such as energy systems, weapon systems and spacecraft systems. However, as engineering systems become more and more distributed and heterogeneous, evaluation frameworks need to be more universal,distributed and interactive. In this paper, we compare several typical evaluation frameworks and propose a novel evaluation framework based on multi-agent technology. We provide two case studies, indoor comfort system and technology assessment of spacecraft systems, respectively. The results show that the proposed framework can work efficiently.

关键词： Multi-agent systems Standards Indexes Measurement Robot sensing systems Data models Computer architecture

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Production Line Capacity Planning Concerning Uncertain Demands for a Class of Manufacturing systems with Multiple Products

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2015年第2期2卷 217-225页

作者： Hao Liu Qianchuan Zhao Ningjian Huang Xiang Zhao Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems(CFINS) Department of AutomationTNList LabTsinghua University Research and Development center Institute of Space System EngineeringChina Academy of Space Technology Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems(CFINS) Department of AutomationTNList LabTsinghua University Global Research and Development center General Motors Company

In this paper, we study a class of manufacturing systems which consist of multiple plants and each of the plants has capability of producing multiple distinct products. The production lines of a certain plant may switch between producing different kinds of products in a time-sharing mode. We optimize the capacity configuration of such a system s production lines with the objective to maximize the overall profit in the capacity planning horizon. Uncertain demand is incorporated in the model to achieve a robust configuration solution. The optimization problem is formulated as a nonlinear polynomial stochastic programming problem, which is difficult to be efficiently solved due to demand uncertainties and large search space. We show the NP-hardness of the problem first, and then apply ordinal optimization(OO) method to search for good enough designs with high probability. At lower level, an mixed integer programming(MIP) solving tool is employed to evaluate the performance of a design under given demand profile.

关键词： Capacity planning uncertain demands ordinal optimization(OO)

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Factors That Affect the Centrality Controllability of Scale-Free Networks

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第12期32卷 174-177页

作者：胡栋孙先李平陈雁张捷 center for intelligent and networked Systemest School of Computer Science Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 center for Computational systems Biology Fudan University Shanghai 200433

The influence of a node in a network can be characterized by its macroscopic properties such as eigenvector centrality. An issue of significant theoretical and practical interest is to modify the influence or roles of the nodes in a network, and recent advances indicate that this can be achieved by just controlling a subset of nodes： the socalled controllers. However, the relationship between the structural properties of a network and its controllability, e.g., the control of node importance, is still not well understood. Here we systematically＂ explore this relationship by constructing scale-free networks with a fixed degree sequence and tunable network characteristics. We calculate the relative size （nc＊） of the minimai controlling set required to controi the importance of each individual node in a network. It is found that while clustering has no significant impact on nc＊, changes in degree-degree correlations, heterogeneity and the average degree of networks demonstrate a discernible impact on its controllability.

关键词： net Factors That Affect the Centrality Controllability of Scale-Free Networks

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Cyber-physical model for efficient and secured operation of CPES or energy Internet

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 5-7页

作者： Xiaohong GUAN Zhanbo XU Qing-Shan JIA Kun LIU Yadong ZHOU Ministry of Education Key Lab for intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi'an Jiaotong University Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) Tsinghua University

Dear editor,Global energy and environmental crisis is one of the most serious issues on the sustainable development of human society in the 21st century. Making full use of renewable energy sources is one of the most effective ways to resolve the energy and environmental problems. However, we are facing the serious challenges due to the uncertain natures of the renewable energy sources.

关键词： In