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Multiple isotopes reveal the driving mechanism of high NO_(3)^(-) level and key processes of nitrogen cycling in the lower reaches of Yellow River

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 597-606页

作者： Qianqian Zhang Huiwei Wang Lu Liu Tianlun Zhai Xueqing Zhang Hebei and China Geological survey Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesHebei 050061China Geo-environmental Monitoring Institute of Hebei Province Hebei 050011China Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Water environmental Science Hebei 050037China Hebei Provincial Academy of Ecological environmental Science Hebei 050037China

The continuous increase of nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))level in rivers is a hot issue in the ***,the driving mechanism of high NO_(3)^(-)level in large rivers is still lacking,which has limited the use of river water and increased the cost of water *** this study,multiple isotopes and source resolution models are applied to identify the driving mechanism of high NO_(3)^(-)level and key processes of nitrogen cycling in the lower reaches of the Yellow River(LRYR).The major sources of NO_(3)^(-)were sewage and manure(SAM)in the low-flow season and soil nitrogen(SN)and chemical fertilizer(CF)in the high-flow *** was the most key process of nitrogen cycling in the ***,in the biological removal processes,denitrification may not occur *** temporal variation of contributions of NO_(3)^(-)sources were estimated by a source resolution model in the *** proportional contributions of SAM and CF to NO_(3)^(-)in the low-flow and high-flow season were 32.5%-52.3%,44.2%-46.2%and 36.0%-40.8%,54.9%-56.9%,*** driving mechanisms of high NO_(3)^(-)level were unreasonable sewage discharge,intensity rainfall runoff,nitrification and lack of nitrate removal *** control the NO_(3)^(-)concentration,targeted measures should be implemented to improve the capacity of sewage and wastewater treatment,increase the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and construct ecological *** study deepens the understanding of the driving mechanism of high nitrate level and provides a vital reference for nitrogen pollution control in rivers to other area of the world.

关键词： Nitrate Driving mechanism Nitrogen cycle Source apportionment Transformation Yellow River

Groundwater and environmental challenges in Asia

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 223-236页

作者： Yan-pei Cheng Fa-wang Zhang Hua Dong Xue-ru Wen Institute of hydrogeology and environmental geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Key Laboratory of Groundwater Sciences and Engineering Ministry of natural ResourcesZhengding 050803HebeiChina center for hydrogeology and environmental geology survey China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051HebeiChina

Asia stands out as the most populous and geographically diverse region *** pressing issues of water resource development and the resulting ecological impacts are exacerbated by the region's rapid population growth and economic ***,a vital source of water in Asia,faces significant disparities in distribution and suffers from unsustainable exploitation *** study applies groundwater system theory and categorizes Asia into 11 primary groundwater systems and 36 secondary ones,based on intercontinental geological structures,climate,terrain,and hydrogeological *** of the end of 2010,Asia's assessed groundwater resources totalled 4.677×10^(9) m^(3)/a,with exploitable resources amounting to 3.274×10^(9) m^(3)/*** considering the geological environmental impacts of groundwater development and the distinctive characteristics of terrain and landforms,six categories of effect zones with varying distribution patterns are *** current research on Asia's groundwater resources,environmental dynamics,and human impacts aims to provide a theoretical foundation for sustainable groundwater management and environmental conservation in the region.

关键词： Asia Groundwater resources Groundwater quality Ecological environment environmental impacts

Characteristics and genesis of groundwater salinization in coastal areas of the Lower Reaches of Oujiang Basin

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 190-204页

作者： Mei-hui Zhang Shi-yang Zhou Dan-dan Liu Ying Zhang Yu-xi Zhang Xi Chen Hui-wei Wang Bei Li Wei Kang Bing Yi Wan-peng Shi Institute of hydrogeology and environmental geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Cycling and Eco–Geological Processes Xiamen 361021FujianChina China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing 100083China Changsha center of Natural Resources Comprehensive survey China Geological SurveyChangsha 410600China Hydrogeological environmental Geological survey center of China Geological survey Tianjin 071501China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China

The coastal areas of the lower reaches of Oujiang River Basin are rich in groundwater ***,the unsustainable exploitation and utilization of groundwater have led to significant changes in the groundwater *** the characteristics and genesis of groundwater salinization is crucial for preventing its deterioration and ensuring sustainable *** this study,a comprehensive approach combining the ion ratio method,mineral saturation index method and multivariate statistical analysis was employed to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and main controlling factors in the study *** findings reveal that:(1)Groundwater samples in study area exhibit a neutral to slightly alkaline *** predominant chemical types of unconfined water are HCO_(3)-Ca·Na,HCO_(3)·Cl-Na·Ca and HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Na,while confined water mainly exhibits Cl·HCO_(3)-Na and Cl-Na types.(2)Salinity coefficients indicate an increase in salinity from unconfined to confined ***,Na^(+)and Cl^(–)concentrations show an increasing trend from mountainous to coastal areas in unconfined water,while confined water displays variability in TDS,Na^(+)and Cl^(–)concentrations.(3)Groundwater salinity is mainly influenced by water-rock interactions,including the dissolution of halite and gypsum,cation exchange,and seawater intrusion ***,human activities and carbonate dissolution contribute to salinity in unconfined *** intrusion is identified as the primary factor leading to higher salinity in confined water compared to unconfined water,with increasing cation exchange and seawater interaction observed from unconfined to confined water.

关键词： Hydrochemical Multivariate statistical analysis Seawater intrusion

Identified the hydrochemical and the sulfur cycle process in subsidence area of Pingyu mining area using multi-isotopes combined with hydrochemistry methods

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 62-77页

作者： Hui-Meng Su Fa-Wang Zhang Jing-Yu Hu Jin-Feng Lei Wei Zuo Bo Yang Yu-Hua Liu School of environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China center for hydrogeology and environmental geology China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051Hebei ProvinceChina Henan Branch China South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Corporation LimitedZhengzhou 450046China The Fifth Geological survey Institute Henan Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral ResourcesZhengzhou 450012China Natural Resources Science and Technology Innovation center of Henan Province(Research on Eco-environmental Assessment and Restoration Technology) Zhengzhou 450012China

Groundwater serves as an important water source for residents in and around mining *** achieve scientific planning and efficient utilization of water resources in mining areas,it is essential to figure out the chemical formation process and the ground water sulfur cycle that transpire after the coal mining *** on studies of hydrochemistry and D,^(18)O-H_(2)O,^(34)S-SO_(4)isotopes,this study applied principal component analysis,ion ratio and other methods in its attempts to reveal the hydrogeochemical action and sulfur cycle in the subsidence area of Pingyu mining *** study discovered that,in the studied area,precipitation provides the major supply of groundwater and the main water chemistry effects are dominated by oxidation dissolution of sulfide minerals as well as the dissolution of carbonate and silicate *** sulfate in groundwater primarily originates from oxidation and dissolution of sulfide minerals in coal-bearing strata and human *** mixed sulfate formed by the oxidation of sulfide minerals and by human activities continuously recharges the groundwater,promoting the dissolution of carbonate rock and silicate rock in the process.

关键词： PCA Ion ratio Water chemistry Sulfide minerals Multi-isotopes Subsidence area of mining area

Two stages power generation test of the hot dry rock exploration and production demonstration project in the Gonghe Basin,northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China

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China geology 2024年第3期7卷 409-421页

作者： Er-yong Zhang Dong-guang Wen Gui-ling Wang Xian-peng Jin Lin-you Zhang Hai-dong Wu Wen-shi Wang Cheng-ming Ye Wei Weng Kuan Li Jin-sheng Wu Xian-chun Tang Chong-yuan Zhang Qing-da Feng Sheng Lian Li-sha Hu Gui-lin Zhu Xing-long Xie Bin Wu Dan Wang Xue Niu Zhao-xuan Niu Dong-lin Liu Hui Zhang Wen-hao Xu Shu-qing Yao Li Yang center for hydrogeology and environmental geology survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China Institute of hydrogeology and environmental geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyShijiazhuang 050061China Institute of Exploration Techniques Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyLangfang 065000China Institute of Exploration Engineering China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China Institute of Exploration Technology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChengdu 611734China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences China Geological SurveyBeijing 100037China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China Geoscience Documentation center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China

The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization *** HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture *** 2019,China Geological survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR *** the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in *** establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were *** progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was ***,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.

关键词： Power generation Hot dry rock(HDR) Enhanced geothermal system(EGS) Genesis mechanism Gonghe Basin Directional drilling Reservoir construction Circulation test Induced seismicity Clean energy exploration engineering

Optimization of water-urban-agricultural-ecological land use pattern:A case study of Guanzhong Basin in the southern Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province,China

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China geology 2024年第3期7卷 480-493页

作者： Sai Wang Bin Wu Hai-xue Li Min-min Zhao Lei Yuan Xi Wu Tao Ma Fu-cheng Li Shuang-bao Han center for hydrogeology and environmental geology survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China center for Groundwater Exploration and Development Engineering Research China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China School of environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan430078China State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic ScienceChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430078China

Extensive land use will cause many environmental *** is an urgent task to improve land use efficiency and optimize land use *** recent years,due to the flow decrease,the Guanzhong Basin in Shaanxi Province is confronted with the problem of insufficient water resources *** on the Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model(GSFLOW),this paper evaluates the response of water resources in the basin to changes in land use patterns,optimizes the land use pattern,improves the ecological and economic benefits,and the efficiency of various spatial development,providing a reference for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River *** research shows that the land use pattern in the Guanzhong Basin should be further *** the condition of considering ecological and economic development,the percentage change of the optimum area of farmland,forest,grassland,water area,and urban area compared with the current land use area ratio is+2.3,+2.4,-6.1,+0.2,and+1.6,*** economic and ecological value of land increases by14.1%and 3.1%,respectively,and the number of water resources can increase by 2.5%.

关键词： Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model(GSFLOW) Land use patterns Water resources optimization Ecological and economic benefits Coupling model Hydrological environmental engineering Guanzhong Basin Southern Loess Plateau Yellow River basin

Planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area(city of over 5 million people):Contributions of China’s geologists and urban geology

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China geology 2024年第3期7卷 382-408页

作者： Bo Han Zhen Ma Liang-jun Lin Hong-wei Liu Yi-hang Gao Yu-bo Xia Hai-tao Li Xu Guo Feng Ma Yu-shan Wang Ya-long Zhou Hong-qiang Li Tianjin center China Geological Survey(North China Center of Geoscience Innovation)Ministry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300170China Xiong’an Urban Geological Research center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300170China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Coast Geological Processes and environmental Safety Tianjin 300170China China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring Beijing 100081China Institute of hydrogeology and environmental geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China center for hydrogeology and environmental geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBaoding 071051China Institute of Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesLangfang 065000China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 10037China

China established Xiong’an New Area in Hebei Province in 2017,which is planned to accommodate about 5 million people,aiming to relieve Beijing City of the functions non-essential to its role as China’s capital and to expedite the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei *** 2017 to 2021,the China Geological survey(CGS)took the lead in multi-factor urban geological surveys involving space,resources,environments,and disasters according to the general requirements of“global vision,international standards,distinctive Chinese features,and future-oriented goals”in Xiong’an New Area,identifying the engineering geologic conditions and geologic environmental challenges of this *** achievements also include a 3D engineering geological structure model for the whole area,along with“one city proper and five clusters”,insights into the ecology and the background endowment of natural resources like land,geothermal resources,groundwater,and wetland of the area before engineering construction,a comprehensive monitoring network of resources and environments in the area,and the“Transparent Xiong’an”geological information platform that is open,shared,dynamically updated,and three-dimensionally ***’s geologists and urban geology have played a significant role in the urban planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area,providing whole-process geological solutions for urban planning,construction,operation and *** future urban construction of Xiong’an New Area will necessitate the theoretical and technical support of earth system science(ESS)from various aspects,and the purpose is to enhance the resilience of the new type of city and to provide support for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of this area.

关键词： Low Carbon New City Planning and construction Land Geothermal resources Groundwater Wetland Underground space Geologic disasters Site stability Natural resource Ecosystem Geological safety Transparent Xiong’an Resilient city Xiong’an New Area

Groundwater recharge via precipitation in the Badain Jaran Desert,China

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 109-118页

作者： Zhe Wang Li-juan Wang Jian-mei Shen Zhen-long Nie Le Cao Ling-qun Meng Institute of hydrogeology and environmental geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Technology Innovation center for Geothermal&Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development Ministry of Natural ResourcesShijiazhuang 050061China

Precipitation infiltration serves as a significant source of groundwater in the Badain Jaran *** investigate variations in precipitation infiltration within the desert,this study collected data on moisture content and temperature from the vadose zone through in-situ field *** these data,a numerical model is employed to explore the mechanism of groundwater recharge via *** results are as follows:(1)Moisture content and temperature in the shallow vadose zone exhibit significant seasonal variations,with moisture content diminishing with increasing depth;(2)Groundwater recharge via precipitation infiltration initially increases and then decreases with groundwater level depth(GWD).Peak groundwater recharge via precipitation occurs at a GWD of 0.75 m,decreasing to merely 0.012 cm at GWDs exceeding 2 m;(3)Groundwater is no longer susceptible to phreatic water evaporation when the GWD reaches approximately 3.7 ***,GWD plays a crucial role in governing groundwater recharge via precipitation in the Badain Jaran Desert.

关键词： Badain Jaran Desert Vadose zone Groundwater recharge In situ monitoring Numerical simulation

Hydrochemical Characterization,Controlling Factors and Water Quality of Surface Water in Shandong Province,North China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 155-166页

作者： Ran An Jiutan Liu Zongjun Gao Changsuo Li Yuming Peng School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China 801 Institute of hydrogeology and Engineering geology Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral ResourcesJinan 250014China Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral ResourcesJinan 250014China Shandong Engineering Research center for Groundwater environmental Protection and Remediation Jinan 250014China

In this study,90 surface water samples were collected from Shandong Province(SDP)in the dry and wet seasons and analyzed using statistical analysis,hydrochemical methods and water quality index(WQI).The content of main ions showed seasonal variations,with a higher average value in the dry season than in the wet *** points exhibiting high contents of the main chemical components were mainly distributed in areas southwest of SDP,north of Weifang,and around *** saturation index of carbonate minerals was greater than zero,while that of evaporite minerals was less than *** hydrochemical characteristics of surface water are mainly dominated by rock weathering as well as cation *** addition,surface water in SDP has significantly been affected by anthropogenic *** of the surface water could be classified as weakly alkaline soft-fresh water,with the hydrochemical types of SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg and SO_(4)·*** terms of WQI,47.88% and 37.88% of the water samples in SDP were classified as poor water in the dry and wet seasons,*** the whole,the water quality is higher in the wet season than in the dry season,and surface water in SDP is generally suitable for agricultural irrigation.

关键词： surface water hydrochemical characteristics controlling factors water quality Shandong Province