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Defending Against Link Failure in Virtual Network Embedding Using a Hybrid Scheme

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China Communications 2019年第1期16卷 129-138页

作者： Jianjian Ai Hongchang Chen Zehua Guo Guozhen Cheng National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D center University of Minnesota Twin cities

Nowadays network virtualization is utterly *** a result,how to protect the virtual networks from attacking on the link is increasingly *** schemes are mainly backup-based,which suffer from data loss and are helpless to such attacks like data *** offer high security level,in this paper,we first propose a multipath and decision-making(MD) scheme which applies multipath simultaneously delivery and decision-making for protecting the virtual *** different security requirement for virtual link,we devise a hybrid scheme to protect the virtual *** the critical links,MD scheme is *** the other links,we adopt the Shared Backup *** simulation results indicate the proposed scheme can significantly increase the security level of the critical link high in the loss of less acceptance ratio.

关键词： network virtualization virtual link security multipath and decision-making hybrid scheme

Spatial, Temporal and Genetic Dynamics Characteristics of Influenza B Viruses in China, 1973–2018

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第1期35卷 14-20页

作者： Xiaowen Li Karen Kie Yan Chan Bo Xu Ming Lu Bing Xu Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China center for healthy cities Institute for China Sustainable UrbanizationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Annual influenza B virus epidemics and outbreaks cause severe influenza diseases in humans and pose a threat to public health. China is an important epidemic area of influenza B viruses. However, the spatial, temporal transmission pathways and the demography history of influenza B viruses in China remain unknown. We collected the haemagglutinin gene sequences sampled of influenza B virus in China between 1973 and 2018. A Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo phylogeographic discrete approach was used to infer the spatial and temporal phylodynamics of influenza B virus. The Bayesian phylogeographic analysis of influenza B viruses showed that the North subtropical and South subtropical zones are the origins of the Victoria and Yamagata lineage viruses, respectively. Furthermore, the South temperate and North subtropical zones acted as transition nodes in the Victoria lineage virus dispersion network and that the North subtropical and Mid subtropical zones acted as transition nodes in the Yamagata lineage virus dispersion network. Our findings contribute to the knowledge regarding the spatial and temporal patterns of influenza B virus outbreaks in China.

关键词： Influenza B viruses Effective population size Phylogeographic Spatial dispersion Mainland China

40-Year(1978–2017) human settlement changes in China reflected by impervious surfaces from satellite remote sensing

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Science Bulletin 2019年第11期64卷 756-763页

作者： Peng Gong Xuecao Li Wei Zhang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua Urban Institute Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China center for healthy cities Institute for China Sustainable UrbanizationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011. USA

Impervious surfaces are the most significant feature of human settlements. Timely, accurate, and frequent information on impervious surfaces is critical in both social-economic and natural environment applications. Over the past 40 years, impervious surface areas in China have grown rapidly. However,annual maps of impervious areas in China with high spatial details do not exist during this period. In this paper, we made use of reliable impervious surface mapping algorithms that we published before and the Google Earth Engine(GEE) platform to address this data gap. With available data in GEE, we were able to map impervious surfaces over the entire country circa 1978, and during 1985–2017 at an annual frequency. The 1978 data were at 60-m resolution, while the 1985–2017 data were in 30-m *** the 30-m resolution data, we evaluated the accuracies for 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and2015. Overall accuracies reached more than 90%. Our results indicate that the growth of impervious surface in China was not only fast but also considerably exceeding the per capita impervious surface area in developed countries like Japan. The 40-year continuous and consistent impervious surface distribution data in China would generate widespread interests in the research and policy-making community. The impervious surface data can be freely downloaded from http://***.

关键词： Urbanization Rural development Landsat data Land cover change Japan

Elastic Optimization for Stragglers in Edge Federated Learning

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第4期6卷 404-420页

作者： Khadija Sultana Khandakar Ahmed Bruce Gu Hua Wang Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable cities(ISILC) Victoria UniversityMelbourne 3011Australia Intelligent Technology Innovation Lab(ITIL) Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities(ISILC)Victoria UniversityMelbourne 3011Australia. Shandong Computer Science center(National Supercomputer center) Jinan 250101China

To fully exploit enormous data generated by intelligent devices in edge computing,edge federated learning(EFL)is envisioned as a promising *** distributed collaborative training in EFL deals with delay and privacy issues compared to traditional centralized model ***,the existence of straggling devices,responding slow to servers,degrades model *** consider data heterogeneity from two aspects:high dimensional data generated at edge devices where the number of features is greater than that of observations and the heterogeneity caused by partial device *** large number of features,computation overhead on the devices increases,causing edge devices to become *** incorporation of partial training results causes gradients to be diverged which further exaggerates when more training is performed to reach local *** this paper,we introduce elastic optimization methods for stragglers due to data heterogeneity in edge federated ***,we define the problem of stragglers in ***,we formulate an optimization problem to be solved at edge *** customize a benchmark algorithm,FedAvg,to obtain a new elastic optimization algorithm(FedEN)which is applied in local training of edge *** mitigates stragglers by having a balance between lasso and ridge penalization thereby generating sparse model updates and enforcing parameters as close as to local *** have evaluated the proposed model on MNIST and CIFAR-10 *** experiments demonstrate that our approach improves run time training performance by achieving average accuracy with less communication *** results confirm the improved performance of our approach over benchmark algorithms.

关键词： edge computing federated learning distributed machine learning regularization stragglers

CoolVox:Advanced 3D convolutional neural network models for predicting solar radiation on building facades

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Building Simulation 2022年第5期15卷 755-768页

作者： Jung Min Han Eun Seuk Choi Ali Malkawi Harvard University Graduate School of Design CambridgeUSA Harvard center for Green Buildings and cities CambridgeUSA Harvard John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences CambridgeUSA

Data-driven models have become increasingly prominent in the building,architecture,and construction *** area ideally suited to exploit this powerful new technology is building performance ***-based models have traditionally been used to estimate the energy flow,air movement,and heat balance of ***,physics-based models require many assumptions,significant computational power,and a considerable amount of time to output *** neural networks(ANNs)with prefabricated or simulated data are likely to be a more feasible option for environmental analysis conducted by designers during the early design *** ANNs require fewer inputs and shorter computation times and offer superior performance and potential for data augmentation,they have received increased attention for predicting the surface solar radiation on ***,ANNs can provide innovative and quick design solutions,enabling designers to receive instantaneous feedback on the effects of a proposed change to a building's *** research introduces deep learning methods as a means of simulating the annual radiation intensities and exposure level of buildings without the need for physics-based *** propose the CoolVox model to demonstrate the feasibility of using 3D convolutional neural networks to predict the surface radiation on building *** CoolVox model accurately predicted the radiation intensities of building facades under different boundary conditions and performed better than ARINet(with average mean square errors of 0.01 and 0.036,respectively)in predicting the radiation intensity both with(validation error=0.0165)and without(validation error=0.0066)the presence of boundary buildings.

关键词： artificial neural networks 3D convolutional neural networks solar radiation simulation building performance simulation

The development and application of a two-step surveillance process for healthy China Initiative based on wide coverage interagency data

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Global Health Research and Policy 2023年第1期8卷 105-120页

作者： Lin Liu Xiaomeng Lan Yili Yang Yuying Luo Xueli Zhang Xiuli Wang Jay Pan HEOA Group West China School of Public HealthSichuan UniversityNo.17 People’s South RoadChengdu 610041China Institute for healthy cities and West China Research center for Rural Health Development Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Sichuan Health Information center Chengdu 610041China School of Public Administration Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Background healthy China is a nationwide health strategy aiming at improving health from diverse dimensions,and strengthening high-quality assessment is essential for its ***,there is limited evidence in the surveillance of the actual performance of the initiative at regional *** study innovatively proposes a twostep surveillance process which comprehensively monitors healthy China Initiative based on regional realities,thus provides guidance for *** A flexible indicator system was firstly developed basing on Delphi survey and focus group *** then the Analysis Hierarchical Process and the TOPSIS method were used to determine the weights of indicators and calculate comprehensive indexes as the surveillance outcomes.A pilot study was conducted in a typical area in China to verify the applicability of the *** Following the surveillance process and basing on the implementation of healthy China Initiative in the target region,an indicator system comprised of 5 domains and 23 indicators with weights was first developed specifically for the pilot *** 1848 interagency data of the study area were collected from 8 provincial institutions/departments to calculate the indexes and ranks of the five domains which were health level,healthy living,disease prevention and control,health service,and healthy *** outcomes showed that healthy China Initiative in the pilot area had been constantly improved since the strategy proposed,while there were still issues to be tackled such as the deficient monitoring mechanisms and unevenly development *** This study proposed a pragmatic surveillance process with indicators which could be tailored for specific context of target regions and produce meaningful surveillance outcomes to inform decision-making for policymakers,and also provided a theoretical foundation as well as empirical evidence for further health strategies and plannings assessment

关键词： Health strategy healthy China Initiative Surveillance process Indicator system

The 2022 Extreme Heatwave in Shanghai,Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Valley:Combined Influences of Multiscale Variabilities

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 593-607页

作者： Ping LIANG Zhiqi ZHANG Yihui DING Zeng-Zhen HU Qi CHEN Key Laboratory of cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China National Climate center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Prediction center NCEP/NWS/NOAACollege ParkMD 20740USA

In the summer of 2022,China(especially the Yangtze River Valley,YRV)suffered its strongest heatwave(HW)event since *** this study,we examined the influences of multiscale variabilities on the 2022 extreme HW in the lower reaches of the YRV,focusing on the city of *** found that about 1/3 of the 2022 HW days in Shanghai can be attributed to the long-term warming trend of global *** mid-summer of 2022,an enhanced western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and anomalous double blockings over the Ural Mountains and Sea of Okhotsk,respectively,were associated with the persistently anomalous high pressure over the YRV,leading to the extreme *** Pacific Decadal Oscillation played a major role in the anomalous blocking pattern associated with the HW at the decadal time ***,the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have contributed to regulating the formation of the double-blocking *** warming of both the warm pool of the western Pacific and tropical North Atlantic at the interannual time scale may also have favored the persistency of the double blocking and the anomalously strong *** the subseasonal time scale,the anomalously frequent phases 2-5 of the canonical northward propagating variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation associated with the anomalous propagation of a weak Madden-Julian Oscillation suppressed the convection over the YRV and also contributed to the ***,the 2022 extreme HW originated from multiscale forcing including both the climate warming trend and air-sea interaction at multiple time scales.

关键词： extreme heatwave multiscale variability air-sea interaction warming trend Yangtze River Valley Shanghai

Green and healthy City Development Gets a Boost from International Friendship City Platform

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Voice of Friendship 2016年第2期 30-33页

作者： Xu Yanqing Exchange center for International Friendship cities

A symposium—"Green and healthy City Development on the International Friendship City Platform"—was jointly hosted on March 17by the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and Social Sciences Academic Press(China).The event included a booklaunch *** Kuangdi,former vice-chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese

关键词： ceremony chairman jointly symposium exchanges director globalization officials editor cooperation

Research on scale effect of histogram

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Science China Earth Sciences 2002年第10期45卷 949-960页

作者：张颢李小文阎广建焦子锑王锦地赵红蕊杨华苏理宏 1. Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography and Beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. center for Remote Sensing and Department of Geography Boston University 02215 MA USA

To describe the spatial relationship among the earth objects compactly, in this paper, we raised the concept of histo-variogram based on the analysis of the characteristics of other spatial analyzing methods such as variogram, information entropy. And we also raised a new spatial analysis method of histogram decomposition based on the definition of standing pixel and contour pixel. At the end of this paper, we demonstrated the characteristics of histo-variogram by two experiments, one for spatial analysis, the other for image fusion.

关键词： histo-variogram, scaling, histogram-decomposition, standing-pixel, HIS transform.