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Vertical distribution and temporal evolution of formaldehyde and glyoxal derived from MAX-DOAS observations:The indicative role of VOC sources

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第12期34卷 92-104页

作者： Qianqian Hong Cheng Liu Qihou Hu Yanli Zhang Chengzhi Xing Jinping Ou Wei Tan Haoran Liu Xiaoqing Huang Zhenfeng Wu School of Environment and Civil Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Lab of Environmental Optics&Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and global Change University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization State Key Laboratory of Organic GeochemistryGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou 510632China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Formaldehyde(HCHO)and glyoxal(CHOCHO)are important oxidization intermediates of most volatile organic compounds(VOCs),but their vertical evolution in urban areas is not well *** profiles of HCHO,CHOCHO,and nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))were retrieved from ground-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(MAXDOAS)observations in Hefei,*** and CHOCHO vertical profiles prefer to occur at higher altitudes compared to NO_(2),which might be caused by the photochemistry-oxidation of longer-lived VOCs at higher *** means of HCHO concentrations were higher in summer,while enhanced amounts of NO_(2)were mainly observed in *** exhibited a hump-like seasonal variation,with higher monthly-averaged values not only occurred in warm months(July-August)but also in cold months(November-December).Peak values mainly occurred during noon for HCHO but emerged in the morning for CHOCHO and NO_(2),suggesting that HCHO is stronger link to photochemistry than *** further use the glyoxal to formaldehyde ratio(GFR)to investigate the VOC sources at different *** lowest GFR value is almost found in the altitude from 0.2 to 0.4 km,and then rises rapidly as the altitude *** GFR results indicate that the largest contributor of the precursor VOC is biogenic VOCs at lower altitudes,while at higher altitudes is anthropogenic *** findings provide a lot more insight into VOC sources at vertical direction,but more verification is recommended to be done in the future.

关键词： Formaldehyde Glyoxal MAX-DOAS Vertical distribution VOC

A new era of China-Germany joint research exploring the climate mystery of Earth

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Science Bulletin 2019年第23期64卷 1733-1736页

作者： Tianjun Zhou Jung Luterbacher Shaohong Wu Chao Li Qingchen Chao Xiao Cheng Yihong Duan Jian Li Bjorn Stevens Sebastian Voigt Yuanhang Zhang Xunhua Zheng Liwei Zou State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Geography ClimatologyClimate Dynamics and Climate ChangeJustus-Liebig University of GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Centre for International Development and Environmental Research University of GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Beijing Climate center China Meteorology AdministrationBeijing 100081China College of global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Centre for European Economic Research Mannheim 68161Germany College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

China and Germany have a long history of collaborating in the Earth sciences. One example is the collaborative work in plumbing the mysteries of climate in China. German geographer Prof. Dr. Ferdinand von Richthofen led the first scientific expedition of the Loess Plateau and Lop Nur during the 1870s. The expedition established the theory of the eolian origin of the plateau. The term"Silk Road"("die Seidenstrasse" in German) was also coined by Prof.

关键词： China. Earth climate

The Spatiotemporal Dynamic Distributions of New Tuberculosis in Hangzhou,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期33卷 277-281页

作者： ZENG Mei Chun JIA Qing Jun HUANG Yin Yan Department of Pathology The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003ZhejiangChina Hangzhou center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou 310021ZhejiangChina

Pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)remains a global health threat worldwide,despite the availability of effective antibiotics for drug-sensitive TB for *** is in part due to the ongoing transmission from cases of undiagnosed TB[1]and drug-resistant TB(DR-TB)[1].China has the second largest number of multidrug-resistant TB(MDR-TB)cases worldwide,which is estimated at 73,000 MDRTB or rifampicin-resistant TB(RR-TB)cases and accounts for 13%of the global burden[1].The results of China’s Fifth National TB Epidemiological Survey indicated that the prevalence of TB in the western region was more than three times the eastern region.

关键词： cases tuberculosis prevalence

Co-circulation of Aedes flavivirus,Culex flavivirus,and Quang Binh virus in Shanghai,China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 740-749页

作者： Yuan Fang Yi Zhang Zheng-Bin Zhou Wen-Qi Shi Shang Xia Yuan-Yuan Li Jia-Tong Wu Qin Liu Guang-Yi Lin National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of Health207 Rui Jin Er RoadShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Shanghai Medical College Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032People’s Republic of China

Background:With increases in global travel and trade,the spread of arboviruses is undoubtedly *** detection in field-caught mosquitoes can provide the earliest possible warning of ***-specific flavivirus(ISFV)has been first detected in 1991 and documented worldwide in the latest ten *** infection with ISFVs is apparently limited to insects,an increase in the infection rate of mosquito-borne flaviviruses may be able to induce cytopathic effects in vertebrate cells during co-infection with other human ***,little is known whether ISFVs persist in most regions of ***:During the mosquito activity season in 2016,a surveillance program was carried out to detect ISFVs in mosquitoes in metropolitan Shanghai,*** presence of ISFVs was randomly tested in different species of mosquitoes using RT-PCR-based and hemi-nested PCR assays,following by the sequencing of PCR *** from positive pooled samples were compared with those deposited in ***,sequences of representative insect flaviviruses were used for further phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary ***:Our investigations showed:(1)the presence of Aedes flavivirus(AEFV)in 11/161 pooled samples(nine pools in Songjiang District,one pool in Huangpu District,and one pool in Qingpu District)of Aedes albopictus,(2)the presence of Quang Binh virus(QBV)in 10/195 pooled samples(all in Chongming District)of Culex tritaeniorhynchus;and(3)the presence of Culex flavivirus(CxFV)in 9/228 pooled samples(six pools in Pudong New Area,two pools in Huangpu District,and one pool in Chongming District)of ***,phylogenetic analyses of the gene sequences of envelope proteins indicated that Shanghai CxFV strains belonged to the Asia/USA *** overall maximum likelihood estimation values(and 95%confidence interval)for CxFV,QBV,and AEFV in mosquitoes collected in Shanghai in 2016 were 1.34(0.66-2.45),1.65(0.87-2.85),and

关键词： Aedes flavivirus Aedes albopictus Culex flavivirus Culex pipiens Culex tritaeniorhynchus Quang Binh virus

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65岁及以上2型糖尿病患者的低血糖特征

南方医科大学学报 2018年第5期38卷 591-595页

作者：翁湘桦文玉琼张舒婷傅晓莹陈红梅陈亮裴剑浩刘思敏邝建南方医科大学广东广州510515 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院//广东省老年医学研究所内分泌科广东广州510080 Department of Epidemiology Center for Global Cardio-metabolic HealthBrown University

目的分析内分泌代谢专科住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖特征。方法提取2014年1月~2015年12月内分泌科住院2型糖尿病1187例次患者共58 565次床边血糖监测系统(BGMS)数据,按患者年龄分为<45岁(128例次)、45~64岁(594例次)和≥65岁(465例次)3... 详细信息

目的分析内分泌代谢专科住院老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖特征。方法提取2014年1月~2015年12月内分泌科住院2型糖尿病1187例次患者共58 565次床边血糖监测系统(BGMS)数据,按患者年龄分为<45岁(128例次)、45~64岁(594例次)和≥65岁(465例次)3组,通过3组对比,分析老年患者住院期间低血糖发生率及时段分布特征。结果随年龄增加,低血糖发生风险逐渐增加,≥65岁组低血糖密度、患者占比和患者-住院日占比分别是<45岁组的2.38、2.57、2.54倍(0.95%vs 0.40%,28.17%vs 10.94%,4.48%vs 1.76%,P<0.001);凌晨是老年组低血糖高发时段,相比<45岁和45~64岁组,≥65岁组凌晨的低血糖密度分别是其2.44和1.40倍(2.66%vs 1.09%vs 1.90%,P<0.05),患者占比分别是其3.86和1.55倍(14.57%vs 3.77%vs 9.42%,P<0.02);≥65岁组反复低血糖(≥2次)患者占比是其他两组的5.70倍和1.41倍(13.33%vs 2.34%vs 9.43%,P<0.05)。结论 65岁及以上2型糖尿病患者低血糖风险显著高于非老年组,凌晨和反复低血糖情况最为突出。应针对老年糖尿病患者制订差异化血糖监测和管理策略,以提高医疗安全。

关键词：糖尿病老年人床边血糖监测低血糖

A Review of Various Sources of Chitin and Chitosan in Nature

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第4期10卷 1097-1123页

作者： Benedict Terkula Iber Nor Azman Kasan Donald Torsabo Jenifer Wese Omuwa Higher Institution center of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and FisheriesUniversiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus21030Malaysia Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University MakurdiMakurdi2373Nigeria

Chitin was first discovered by its name from the Greek word“chiton”,which means“mail coat”.It is indeed a polysaccharide made up of naturally occurring acetyl-D-glucosamine *** was the first researcher who extracted chitin from the shells of mollusks(crabs and lobsters),prawns,and crayfish in *** in 1811,Henri Braconnot discovered chitin in the cell walls of mushrooms and called it“fungine”.Chitin and chitosan are abundant in the biosphere as essential components of many organisms’exoskeletons and as by-products of the global seafood *** biopolymer must be deacetylated before chitosan can be *** can also be extracted using microbes in a biological extraction *** development of products that take advantage of the bioactivities of the existing primary commercial source of chitin(crustacean)has lagged ***,the disadvantages of the present commercial source such as seasonality and competition for other uses among others has been one of the driving forces towards seeking alternative sources of chitin and chitosan in *** review highlights some of the efforts made by environmental scholars to locate possible commercial sources of chitin and chitosan in nature over time.

关键词： Chitin chitosan crustaceans insects fungi

The Holocene warm-humid phases in the North China Plain as recorded by multi-proxy records

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第1期27卷 147-161页

作者：崔建新周尚哲常宏 center for Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development in Northwest China Shaanxi Normal University Department of Geography South China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment CAS

The grain size and palinology of sediment and the frequency of ^14C dada provide an integrated reconstruction of the Holocene warm-humid phases of the North China Plain. Two clear intense and long-lasting warm-humid phases were identified by comprehensive research in this region. The first phase was dated back to the early Holocene （9 000-7 000 a BP）, and the second was centered at 5 000-3 000 a BP. The warm-humid episode between 9 000 and 7 000 a BP was also recognized at other sites showing global climatic trends rather than local events. Compared with the concern to the warm-humid phase of the early Holocene, the second one was not paid enough attention in the last few decades. The compilation of the Holocene paleoclimate data suggests that perhaps the second warm-humid phase was pervasive in monsoon region of China. In perspective of environmental archaeology, much attention should be devoted to it, because the flourish and adaptation of the Neolithic cultures and the building up of the first state seem to corresponding to the general warm-humid climatic conditions of this period. In addition, a warm-humid interval at 7 20045 500 a BP was recognized by the grain size data from three sites. However, this warm-humid event was not shown in pollen assemblage and temporal distribution of ^14C data. Perhaps, the resolution for climatic reconstruction from pollen and temporal distribution of ^14C data cited here is relatively low and small-amplitude and short-period climatic events cannot be well reflected by the data. Due to the difference in locality and elevation of sampling site, as well as in resolution of proxy records, it is difficult to make precise correlation. Further work is needed in the future.

关键词： Holocene grain size pollen radiocarbon dating warm-humid phases

Potential impacts of enhanced tropical cyclone activity on the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation and East Asian monsoon in the mid-Piacenzian warm period

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2019年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： YAN Qing ZHANG Zhongshi ZHANG Ran Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric Science School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Bjerknes center for Climate Research Uni Research Climate Climate Change Research center Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tropical cyclones(TCs)not only passively respond to climate change,but also play an important role in vertical mixing of the upper ocean and in driving oceanic heat *** a fully coupled climate model,the authors investigate the potential effect of TC-induced vertical mixing on the El Nino–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and East Asian monsoon in the mid-Piacenzian,during which global TCs are estimated to have been *** experiments indicate that the TC-induced oceanic mixing over global storm basins leads to additional warming over the eastern tropical Pacific and a deeper thermocline in the mid-Piacenzian,whereas it dampens the interannual variability of *** the East Asian monsoon circulations,low-level(850 hPa)summer and winter winds are intensified in response to enhanced vertical mixing,with a southward/westward shift of the western North Pacific high and westerly jet in summer and a deepened East Asian trough in *** climatic features are largely reproduced in the experiment with enhanced vertical mixing only over the central-eastern North *** results may shed light on TC feedbacks associated with vertical mixing and advance our understanding on mid-Piacenzian climate.

关键词： Mid-Piacenzian climate modeling tropical cyclone ENSO

Approaches being used in the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China:a review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 475-483页

作者： Le-Ping Sun Wei Wang Qing-Biao Hong Shi-Zhu Li You-Sheng Liang Hai-Tao Yang Xiao-Nong Zhou Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention Wuxi 214064China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology Wuxi 214064China Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases Wuxi 214064China School of Public Health Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004China National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025China Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology National Health and Family Planning CommissionShanghai 200025China WHO Collaborating center for Tropical Diseases National Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghai 200025China

Schistosomiasis japonica,caused by the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum,remains a major public health problem in China,although great success has been *** control efforts during the past half-decade,notably the wide implementation of the new integrated strategy with emphasis on control of the source of *** infection across the country since 2004,has greatly reduced *** in humans,livestock,and intermediate host Oncomelania hupensis snails,and transmission control of schistosomiasis was achieved in China in 2015.A two-stage roadmap was therefore proposed for schistosomiasis elimination in 2015,with aims to achieve transmission interruption by 2020 and achieve disease elimination by 2025 in the *** the last two decades,a variety of approaches,which target the epidemiological factors of schistosomiasis japonica have been developed,in order to block the transmission cycle of the *** approaches have been employed in the national or local schistosomiasis control activities,and facilitated,at least in part,the progress of the schistosomiasis elimination ***,we present an approach to control the source of *** infection,three new tools for snail control,three approaches for detecting and monitoring *** infection,and a novel model for health *** approaches are considered to play a great role in the stage moving towards transmission interruption and elimination of schistosomiasis in China.

关键词： Schistosomiasis japonica Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Elimination Snail control Source of infection Health education China