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Diagnostic value of antigenemia assay for cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease in immunocompromised patients

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第9期17卷 1185-1191页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Masao Kobayakawa Takuro Shimbo Kazufusa Hoshimoto Tomoyuki Yada Takuji Gotoda Junichi Akiyama Shinichi Oka Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics International Clinical Research center Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Laboratory Pathological Division National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai Hospital Division of Aids Clinical center National Center for Global Health and Medicine

AIM:To investigate the utility of the cytomegalovirus(CMV)antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of CMV gastrointestinal disease(GID). METHODS:One hundred and thirty immunocompromised patients were enrolled in this *** with a history of anti-CMV treatment and who had not undergone examination using the antigenemia assay were ***-GID was defined as the detection of large cells with intranuclear inclusions alone or associated with granular cytoplasmic inclusions by *** sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically stained with *** evaluated the association between CMV-GID and patient characteristics(symptoms,underlying disease,medication,leukocyte counts,and antigenemia assay).All patients were checked with an human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody test before endoscopic *** blood cell(WBC)counts were obtained from medical records within 1 wk of *** was defined as a total WBC count<5000 cells/mm 3 . For HIV patients,we also checked CD4+counts from medical records. RESULTS:A total of 99 patients were retrospectively selected for *** the immunocompromised patients,19 had malignant disease,18 had autoimmune disease,19 had disorders of biochemical homeostasis, three had undergone transplantation,and 45 had HIV infection.A total of 50 patients had received immunosuppressive *** patients had inflammatory bowel ***-five patients were diagnosed as having *** analysis indicated an association between HIV infection,leukopenia,and positive antigenemia and CMV-GID(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis using logistic regression revealed that HIV infection and positive antigenemia were the only independent factors related to CMV-GID(P<0.01).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of antigenemia for CMV-GID were 65.4%,93.6%, 91.9%,and 71.0%,*** a subgroup analy-sis,patients with leukopenia displayed

关键词： Cytomegalovirus Gastrointestinal disease Antigenemia assay Real-time polymerase chain reaction Human immunodeficiency virus infection

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Predictive findings forHelicobacter pylori-uninfected, -infected and -eradicated gastric mucosa: Validation study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第27期19卷 4374-4379页

作者： Kazuhiro Watanabe Naoyoshi Nagata Ryo Nakashima Etsuko Furuhata Takuro Shimbo Masao Kobayakawa Toshiyuki Sakurai Koh Imbe Ryota Niikura Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai Hospital

AIM:To validate the usefulness of screening endoscopy findings for predictingHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status. METHODS:H. pylori infection status was determined by histology, serology, and the urea breast test in 77 consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy. Based on the findings, patients were categorized as H. pylori -uninfected, -infected, or -eradicated cases. Using six photos of certain sites in the stomach per case, we determined the presence or absence of the following endoscopic findings:regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC), linear erythema, hemorrhage, fundic gland polyp (FGP), atrophic change, rugal hyperplasia, edema, spotty erythema, exudate, xanthoma, and mottled patchy erythema (MPE). The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and inter-observer agreement (Kappa value) for these 11 endoscopic findings used in the determination of H. pylori infection status were calculated. RESULTS:Of the 77 patients [32 men and 45 women; mean age (SD), 39.7 (13.4) years] assessed, 28 were H. pylori uninfected, 28 were infected, and 21 were eradicated. DOR values were significantly high (< 0.05) for the following H. pylori cases:uninfected cases with RAC (11.5), linear erythema (24.5), hemorrhage (4.1), and FGP (34.5); for infected cases with atrophic change (8.67), rugal hyperplasia (15.8), edema (14.2), spotty erythema (11.5), and exudate (3.52); and for eradicated cases with atrophic change (32.4) and MPE (103.0). Kappa values were excellent for FGP (0.93), good for RAC (0.63), hemorrhage (0.79), atrophic change (0.74), and MPE (0.75), moderate for linear erythema (0.51), rugal hyperplasia (0.49), edema (0.58), spotty erythema (0.47), and exudate (0.46), and poor for xanthoma (0.19). CONCLUSION:The endoscopic findings of RAC, hemorrhage, FGP, atrophic change, and MPE will be useful for predicting H. pylori infection status.

关键词： Diagnostic odds ratio Endoscopic finding Eradication therapy Helicobacter pylori Inter-observer agreement

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Estimated Average Glandular Dose for 1,828 Mammography Procedures in China: A Multicenter Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期32卷 242-249页

作者： DU Xiang WANG Jin ZHU Bao Li Jiangsu Provincial center for Disease Prevention and Control center for global health School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University

Objective To understand the distribution of the average glandular dose(AGD) in mammography by investigating 1,828 exposure parameters of 8 mammography machines in three cities, by using random sampling. Methods A survey of 8 mammography machines in three different cities, sampled using stratified random sampling methods, was performed, and 1,828 mammography exposure parameters were recorded. Incident air kerma(k) was measured by Quality-Assurance(QA) dosimeters, and AGD was calculated by series conversion coefficients based on a 3D detailed Monte Carlo breast model, published by Wang et al. Results The distribution of compressed breast thickness(CBT) fitted a normal distribution, while that of AGD fitted a skewed distribution. The mean value of CBT in a medio-lateral oblique(MLO) view was about 5.6% higher than that in the craniocaudal(CC) view, with significant statistical difference; mean value of AGD and CBT in the sample was 1.3 mGy and 4.6 cm, respectively. The AGD trended upward with increasing CBT, similar to the results of other researches. Conclusion The mean AGD and CBT levels in our study for mammography practice in China were 1.3 mGy and 4.6 cm, respectively. AGD is influenced by manufacturer-specific variation as machine response to CBT changes and target/filter combination. The present study can provide evidence for establishing a diagnostic reference level in China.

关键词： Medical radiation Mammography Compressed breast thickness Average glandular dose

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Disruption of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway prevents 5-fluorouracil-induced diarrhea in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第13期23卷 2294-2307页

作者： Takuhito Sezaki Yuki Hirata Teruki Hagiwara Yuki I Kawamura Tadashi Okamura Rieko Takanashi Kenta Nakano Miwa Tamura-Nakano Linda C Burkly Taeko Dohi Department of Gastroenterology Research Center for Hepatitis and ImmunologyResearch InstituteNational Center for Global Health and Medicine Research center for Hepatitis and Immunology Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and Medicine 2~(nd)Department of Internal Medicine Osaka Medical College Section of Animal Models Department of Infectious DiseasesResearch InstituteNational Center for Global Health and Medicine Communal Laboratory Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and Medicine Biogen

AIM To clarify the roles of TWEAK and its receptor Fn14 in 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced *** Diarrhea was induced in wild-type(WT), Fn14 knockout(KO), and IL-13 receptor(IL-13R)α1 KO BALB/c mice using a single injection of 5-FU. Histological analysis, cytokine analysis, and flow cytometry was performed on ileal tissues and cells. Murine colon carcinomabearing mice were co-treated with an anti-TWEAK antibody and 5-FU. Embryonic fibroblast response to cytokines was also ***5-FU induced high Fn14 expression in epithelial cells. The severity of 5-FU-induced diarrhea was lower in Fn14 KO mice compared with WT mice. Administration of anti-TWEAK antibody reduced 5-FU-induced diarrhea without affecting the antitumor effects of 5-FU in vivo. 5-FU-induced expression of IL-13, IL-17 A, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the ileum was Fn14 dependent. The severity of 5-FU-induced diarrhea was lower in IL-13Rα1 KO mice, indicating major role for IL-13 signaling via IL-13Rα1 in pathogenesis. We found that IL-13Rα2, an IL-13 neutralizing/cell protective receptor, was strongly induced by IL-33 in vitro and in vivo. IL-13Rα2 was upregulated in the ileum of 5-FU-treated Fn14 KO mice. Thus, the deletion of Fn14 upregulated IL-13Rα2 expression, which reduced IL-13 expression and activity. CONCLUSION Disruption of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway affects several interconnected pathways, including those associated with IL-13, IL-33, and IL-13Rα2, to attenuate 5-FUinduced intestinal side effects.

关键词： Cancer chemotherapy Interleukin-13 Interleukin-33 Interleukin-13 receptor α2

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China CDC Weekly--A Step Forward for China’s Public health System and for global health Security

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China CDC weekly 2019年第2期1卷 19-20页

作者： Ron Moolenaar RJ Simonds Division of global health Protection Center for Global HealthU.S.CDC center for global health U.S.CDC Country Director US CDC China

Congratulations to China CDC on the launch of the China CDC *** timely,accurate reporting on public health surveillance,epidemiologic investigations,and emergency responses,and by sharing lessons learned and evidence-... 详细信息

关键词： CDC Forward Public

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Solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu Munerah M.S.Almutairi Jie Ma Aisling Stewart Zhaohui Xing Mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho UM-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors Solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

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Endoscopic appearance of AIDS-related gastrointestinal lymphoma with c-MYC rearrangements: Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4827-4831页

作者： Shohei Tanaka Naoyoshi Nagata Sohtaro Mine Toru Igari Taiichiro Kobayashi Jun Sugihara Haruhito Honda Katsuji Teruya Yoshimi Kikuchi Shinichi Oka Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo 162-8655 Japan Clinical Laboratory and Pathology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo 162-8655 Japan Division of AIDS Clinical center National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital Chiba 272-0827 Japan

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) remains the main cause of AIDS-related deaths in the highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) era. Recently, rearrangement of MYC is associated with poor prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Here, we report a rare case of gastrointestinal (GI)-ARL with MYC rearrangements and coinfected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection presenting with various endoscopic findings. A 38-yearold homosexual man who presented with anemia and was diagnosed with an human immunodeficiency virus infection for the first time. GI endoscopy revealed multiple dish-like lesions, ulcerations, bloody spots, nodular masses with active bleeding in the stomach, erythematous flat lesions in the duodenum, and multiple nodular masses in the colon and rectum. Magnified endoscopy with narrow band imaging showed a honeycomb-like pattern without irregular microvessels in the dish-like lesions of the stomach. Biopsy specimens from the stomach, duodenum, colon, and rectum revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma concomitant with EBV infection that was detected by high tissue EBV-polymerase chain reaction levels and Epstein-Barr virus small RNAs in situ hybridization. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed a fusion between the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and c-MYC genes, but not between the IgH and BCL2 loci. After 1-mo of treatment with HAART and R-CHOP, endoscopic appearance improved remarkably, and the histological features of the biopsy specimens revealed no evidence of lymphoma. However, he died from multiple organ failure on the 139 th day after diagnosis. The cause of his poor outcome may be related to MYC rearrangement. The GI tract involvement in ARL is rarely reported, and its endoscopic findings are various and may be different from those in non-AIDS GI lymphoma; thus, we also conducted a literature review of GI-ARL cases.

关键词： Acquired immune deficiency syndromerelated lymphoma Non-Hodgkin-lymphoma EpsteinBarr virus infection c-MYC rearrangement Endoscopic appearance

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Diagnostic value of endothelial markers and HHV-8 staining in gastrointestinal Kaposi sarcoma and its difference in endoscopic tumor staging

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第23期19卷 3608-3614页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Toru Igari Takuro Shimbo Katsunori Sekine Junichi Akiyama Yohei Hamada Hirohisa Yazaki Norio Ohmagari Katsuji Teruya Shinichi Oka Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Clinical pathology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Division of AIDS Clinical center (ACC) National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Infectious disease National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai HospitalChiba 272-8516 Japan

AIM: To clarify the diagnostic values of hematoxylin and eosin (HE), D2-40, CD31, CD34, and HHV-8 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma (GI-KS) in relation to endoscopic tumor staging. METHODS: Biopsy samples (n = 133) from 41 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients were reviewed. GI-KS was defined as histologically negative for other GI diseases and as a positive clinical response to KS therapy. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was compared in relation to lesion size, GI location, and macroscopic appearances on endoscopy. RESULTS: GI-KS was confirmed in 84 lesions (81.6%). Other endoscopic findings were polyps (n = 9), inflammation (n = 4), malignant lymphoma (n = 4), and condyloma (n = 2), which mimicked GI-KS on endoscopy. ROC-AUC of HE, D2-40, blood vessel markers, and HHV-8 showed results of 0.83, 0.89, 0.80, and 0.82, respectively. For IHC staining, the ROC-AUC of D2-40 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of HE staining only. In the analysis of endoscopic appearance, the ROC-AUC of HE and IHC showed a tendency toward an increase in tumor staging (e.g. , small to large, patches, and polypoid to SMT appearance). D2-40 was significantly (P < 0.05) advantageous in the upper GI tract and for polypoid appearance compared with HE staining. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic value of endothelial markers and HHV-8 staining was found to be high, and its accuracy tended to increase with endoscopic tumor staging. D2-40 will be useful for complementing HE staining in the diagnosis of GI-KS, especially in the upper GI tract and for polypoid appearance.

关键词： Gastrointestinal Kaposi’s sarcoma Hematoxylin and eosin CD31 CD34 D2-40 Human herpesvirus-8

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Recent Advances in Artificial Sensory Neurons:Biological Fundamentals,Devices,Applications,and Challenges

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 168-216页

作者： Shuai Zhong Lirou Su Mingkun Xu Desmond Loke Bin Yu Yishu Zhang Rong Zhao Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology HengqinZhuhai 519031People’s Republic of China College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 3112000People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou global Scientific and Technological Innovation center Hangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China center for Brain‑Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Spike-based neural networks,which use spikes or action potentialsto represent information,have gained a lot of attention because of their high energyefficiency and low power *** fully leverage its advantages,convertingthe external analog signals to spikes is an essential *** including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators,and sensorssuffer from high power and area *** efforts are devoted to constructingartificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biologicalsensory *** can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion,overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory *** review summarizesand benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory *** starts with thepresentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction,followed bythe systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial ***,the implementations with different perceptual capabilitiesare briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also ***,we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Emerging devices Artificial sensory neurons Spiking neural networks Neuromorphic sensing

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Risk factors for adverse in-hospital outcomes in acute colonic diverticular hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10697-10703页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Ryota Niikura Tomonori Aoki Shiori Moriyasu Toshiyuki Sakurai Takuro Shimbo Katsunori Sekine Hidetaka Okubo Kazuhiro Watanabe Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Mikio Yanase Masashi Mizokami Kazuma Fujimoto Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital Kohnodai Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Saga Medical School

AIM: To investigate the factors associated with transfusion, further bleeding, and prolonged length of ***: In total, 153 patients emergently hospitalized for diverticular bleeding who were examined by colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled. Patients in whom the bleeding source was identified received endoscopic treatment such as clipping or endoscopic ligation. After spontaneous cessation of bleeding withconservative treatment or hemostasis with endoscopic treatment, all patients were started on a liquid food diet and gradually progressed to a solid diet over 3d, and were discharged. At enrollment, we assessed smoking, alcohol, medications [non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)], low-dose aspirin, and other antiplatelets, warfarin, acetaminophen, and oral corticosteroids), and co-morbidities [hypertension,diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cerebro-cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, and chronic kidney disease(CKD)]. The in-hospital outcomes were need for transfusion, further bleeding after spontaneous cessation of hemorrhage, and length of hospital *** odds ratio(OR) for transfusion need, further bleeding, and prolonged length of stay were estimated by logistic regression ***: No patients required angiographic embolization or surgery. Stigmata of bleeding occurred in 18% of patients(27/153) and was treated by endoscopic procedures. During hospitalization, 40patients(26%) received a median of 6 units of packed red blood cells. Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex(OR = 2.5, P = 0.02), warfarin use(OR= 9.3, P 70years(OR = 2.1, P = 0.04) and NSAID use(OR = 2.7,P = 0.03) were

关键词： In-hospital adverse clinical outcomes Antithrombot

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