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Theta Oscillations Support Prefrontal-hippocampal Interactions in Sequential Working Memory

Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 147-156页

作者： Minghong Su Kejia Hu Wei Liu Yunhao Wu Tao Wang Chunyan Cao Bomin Sun Shikun Zhan Zheng Ye Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Neurosurgery Center for Functional NeurosurgeryRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Institute of Neuroscience Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus may support sequential working memory beyond episodic memory and spatial *** stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG)study investigated how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)interacts with the hippocampus in the online processing of sequential *** patients with epilepsy(eight women,age 27.6±8.2 years)completed a line ordering task with SEEG recordings over the DLPFC and the *** showed longer thinking times and more recall errors when asked to arrange random lines clockwise(random trials)than to maintain ordered lines(ordered trials)before recalling the orientation of a particular ***,the ordering-related increase in thinking time and recall error was associated with a transient theta power increase in the hippocampus and a sustained theta power increase in the DLPFC(3–10 Hz).In particular,the hippocampal theta power increase correlated with the memory precision of line ***,theta phase coherences between the DLPFC and hippocampus were enhanced for ordering,especially for more precisely memorized ***,the theta band DLPFC→hippocampus influence was selectively enhanced for ordering,especially for more precisely memorized *** study suggests that theta oscillations may support DLPFC-hippocampal interactions in the online processing of sequential information.

关键词： Sequential working memory Hippocampus Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Theta oscillations Stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG) Phase coherence Granger causality

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Generating barcodes for nanopore sequencing data with PRO

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 785-794页

作者： Ting Yu Zitong Ren Xin Gao Guojun Li Renmin Han Research center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary sciences Frontiers Science Center for Nonlinear Expectations(Ministry of Education)Shandong UniversityShandong 266000China Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division&Computational Bioscience Research CenterKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia

DNA barcodes,short and unique DNA sequences,play a crucial role in sample identification when processing many samples simultaneously,which helps reduce experimental ***,the low quality of long-read sequencing makes it difficult to identify barcodes accurately,which poses significant challenges for the design of barcodes for large numbers of samples in a single sequencing ***,we present a comprehensive study of the generation of barcodes and develop a tool,PRO,that can be used for selecting optimal barcode sets and *** formulate the barcode design problem as a combinatorial problem and prove that finding the optimal largest barcode set in a given DNA sequence space in which all sequences have the same length is theoretically *** practical applications,we developed the novel method PRO by introducing the probability divergence between two DNA sequences to expand the capacity of barcode kits while ensuring demultiplexing ***,the maximum size of the barcode kits designed by PRO is 2,292,which keeps the length of barcodes the same as that of the official ones used by Oxford Nanopore Technologies(ONT).We validated the performance of PRO on a simulated nanopore dataset with high error *** demultiplexing accuracy of PRO reached 98.29%for a barcode kit of size 2,922,4.31%higher than that of Guppy,the official demultiplexing *** the size of the barcode kit generated by PRO is the same as the official size provided by ONT,both tools show superior and comparable demultiplexing accuracy.

关键词： Third-generation sequencing Nanopore sequencing DNA barcode Farthest point sampling algorithm High throughput

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Radiative Blood-Based Hybrid Copper-Graphene Nanoliquid Flows along a Source-Heated Leaning Cylinder

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 1017-1037页

作者： Siti Nur Ainsyah Ghani Noor Fadiya Mohd Noor Institute of mathematical sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia center for Data Analytics Consultancy&Services(UM-CDACS) Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

Variant graphene,graphene oxides(GO),and graphene nanoplatelets(GNP)dispersed in blood-based copper(Cu)nanoliquids over a leaning permeable cylinder are the focus of this *** forms of graphene are highly beneficial in the biological and medical fields for cancer therapy,anti-infection measures,and drug *** non-Newtonian Sutterby(blood-based)hybrid nanoliquid flows are generalized within the context of the Tiwari-Das model to simulate the effects of radiation and heating *** governing partial differential equations are reformulated into a nonlinear set of ordinary differential equations using similar transformational *** equations are then transformed into boundary value problems through a shooting technique,followed by the implementation of the bvp4c tool in *** influences of various parameters on the model’s nondimensional velocity and temperature profiles,reduced skin friction,and reduced Nusselt number are presented for detailed *** results indicated that Cu-GNP/blood and Cu-GO/blood hybrid nanofluids exhibit the lowest and highest velocity distributions,respectively,for increased nanoparticles volume fraction,curvature parameter,Sutterby fluid parameter,Hartmann number,and wall permeability ***,opposite trends are observed for the temperature distribution for all considered parameters,except the mixed convection *** in the reduced skin friction magnitude and the reduced Nusselt number with higher values of graphene/GO/GNP nanoparticle volume fraction are also ***,GNP is identified as the superior heat conductor,with an average increase of approximately 5%and a peak of 7.8%in the reduced Nusselt number compared to graphene and GO nanoparticles in the Cu/blood nanofluids.

关键词： Hybrid nanofluid sutterby fluid tiwari-das model thermal radiation graphene graphene oxides graphene nanoplatelets

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Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance of Nonfused-Ring Electron Acceptors via Asymmetric End-Group Engineering and Noncovalently Conformational Locks

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 485-490页

作者： Bo Liu Congqi Li Xiaobin Gu Yinghui Han Zhixiang Wei Yunhao Cai Xin Zhang Hui Huang Yanping Huo School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong510006 China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS center for excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China College Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China center for excellence in Nanoscience (CAS) & Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190 China

By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering,an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)was designed and *** with the symmetric analogs(NoCA-17 and NoCA-18),NoCA-19 possesses broader light absorption range,more coplanarπ-conjugated backbone,and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical *** organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA-19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%,which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA-17(9.50%)and J52:NoCA-18(11.77%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and balanced charge mobility,suppressed recombination loss,shorter charge extraction time,longer charge carrier lifetimes,and more favorable blend film *** findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end-group engineering in exploring low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Nonfused-ring electron acceptors Asymmetric end-group engineering Noncovalently conformational locks Low-cost acceptors

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Multiple Uplift and Exhumation of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau:Evidence from Low-Temperature Thermochronology

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 569-584页

作者： WU Limin PENG Touping FAN Weiming ZHAO Guochun GAO Jianfeng DONG Xiaohan PENG Shili MIN Kang Tin Aung MYINT State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Chinese Academy of sciences center for excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Chinese Academy of sciences center for excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth sciences Beijing 100101China Department of Earth sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiGuangdong 519085China Department of Geology University of MandalayMandalay 05011Myanmar

Since the Cenozoic,the Tibetan Plateau has experienced large-scale uplift and outgrowth due to the India-Asia ***,the mechanism and timing of these tectonic processes still remain ***,using apatite fission track dating and inverse thermal modeling,we explore the mechanism of different phases of rapid cooling for different batholiths and intrusions in the southeastern Tibetan *** contrast to previous views,we find that the coeval granitic batholith exposed in the same tectonic zone experienced differential fast uplift in different sites,indicating that the present Tibetan Plateau was the result of differential uplift rather than the entire lithosphere uplift related to lithospheric collapse during Cenozoic *** addition,we also suggest that the 5-2 Ma mantle-related magmatism should be regarded as the critical trigger for the widely coeval cooling event in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,because it led to the increase in atmospheric CO_(2)level and a hotter upper crust than before,which are efficient for suddenly fast rock weathering and ***,we propose that the current landform of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau was the combined influences of tectonic and climate.

关键词： apatite fission track rapid cooling differential uplift magmatism southeastern Tibetan Plateau

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A critical review towards the causes of the iron-based catalysts deactivation mechanisms in the selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur from biogas

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 388-411,I0010页

作者： Mostafa Tarek Janaina S.Santos Victor Márquez Mohammad Fereidooni Mohammad Yazdanpanah Supareak Praserthdam Piyasan Praserthdam center of excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering(CECC) Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailan High-Performance Computing Unit(CECC-HCU) Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering(CECC)Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S) not only presents significant environmental concerns but also induces severe corrosion in industrial equipment,even at low *** various technologies,the selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide(SOH_(2)S) to elemental sulfur(S) has emerged as a sustainable and environmentally friendly *** to its unique properties,iron oxide has been extensively investigated as a catalyst for SOH_(2)S;however,rapid deactivation has remained a significant *** causes of iron oxide-based catalysts deactivation mechanisms in SOH_(2)S,including sulfur or sulfate deposition,the transformation of iron species,sintering and excessive oxygen vacancy formation,and active site loss,are thoroughly examined in this *** focusing on the deactivation mechanisms,this review aims to provide valuable insights into enhancing the stability and efficiency of iron-based catalysts for SOH_(2)S.

关键词： Selective oxidation of H_(2)S Iron-based Catalysts Mechanism of deactivation Sulfur or sulfate deposition Transformation of iron species Sintering SDG 7

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Comparative DNA methylation reveals epigenetic adaptation to high altitude in snub-nosed monkeys

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 1013-1026页

作者： Ling Wang Wei-Qiang Liu Juan Du Meng Li Rui-Feng Wu Ming Li Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China center for excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

DNA methylation plays a crucial role in environmental ***,using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing,we generated comprehensive genome-wide DNA methylation profiles for the high-altitude Yunnan snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus bieti)and the closely related golden snub-nosed monkey(***).Our findings indicated a slight increase in overall DNA methylation levels in golden snub-nosed monkeys compared to Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys,suggesting a higher prevalence of hypermethylated genomic regions in the *** genomic methylation analysis demonstrated that genes associated with differentially methylated regions were involved in membrane fusion,vesicular formation and trafficking,hemoglobin function,cell cycle regulation,and neuronal *** results suggest that the high-altitude-related epigenetic modifications are extensive,involving a complete adaptation process from the inhibition of single Ca^(2+)channel proteins to multiple proteins collaboratively enhancing vesicular function or inhibiting cell differentiation and *** assays demonstrated that overexpression or down-regulation of candidate genes,such as SNX10,TIMELESS,and CACYBP,influenced cell viability under stress ***,this research suggests that comparing DNA methylation across closely related species can identify novel candidate genomic regions and genes associated with local adaptations,thereby deepening our understanding of the mechanisms underlying environmental adaptations.

关键词： Snub-nosed monkeys Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing DNA methylation High-altitude adaptation

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Ion and electron motions in the outer electron diffusion region of collisionless magnetic reconnection

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 472-478页

作者： Cong Chang QuanMing Lu San Lu Kai Huang RongSheng Wang Deep Space Exploration Laboratory School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of sciences(CAS)center for excellence in Comparative Planetology CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace EnvironmentHefei 230026China Collaborative Innovation center of Astronautical Science and Technology Harbin 150001China

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to study the coupling between ion and electron motions in collisionless magnetic *** electron diffusion region(EDR),where the electron motions are demagnetized,is found to have a two-layer structure:an inner EDR near the reconnection site and an outer EDR that is elongated to nearly 10 ion inertial lengths in the outflow *** the inner EDR,the speed of the electron outflow increases when the electrons move away from the X *** the outer EDR,the speed of the electron outflow first increases and then decreases until the electrons reach the boundary of the outer *** the boundary of the outer EDR,the magnetic field piles up and forms a depolarization *** the perspective of the fluid,a force analysis on the formation of electron and ion outflows has also been *** the X line,the electrons are accelerated by the reconnection electric field in the out-of-plane *** the electrons move away from the X line,we find that the Lorentz force converts the direction of the accelerated electrons to the x direction,forming an electron *** electric field forces and electron gradient forces tend to drag the electron *** acceleration along the x direction is caused by the Lorentz force,whereas the pressure gradient force tends to decelerate the ion *** these two terms are important,their effects on ions are almost *** Hall electric field force does positive work on ions and is not *** ions are continuously accelerated,and the ion and electron outflow velocities are almost the same near the depolarization front.

关键词： collisionless magnetic reconnection electron diffusion region force analysis particle-in-cell simulation

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A level line of the Gaussian free field with measure-valued boundary conditions

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第2期67卷 367-404页

作者： Titus Lupu Hao Wu Laboratoire de Probabilités Statistique et ModélisationSorbonne Universitéand UniversitéParis CitéCNRSParis F-75005France Yau mathematical sciences center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In this article, we construct samples of Schramm-Loewner-evolution-like curves out of samples ofthe conformal loop ensemble and Poisson point processes of Brownian excursions. We show that the laws of thesecurves depend continuously on the intensity measure of the Brownian excursions. Using such a construction ofcurves, we extend the notion of level lines of the Gaussian free field to the case where the boundary conditionis measure-valued.

关键词： Schramm-Loewner evolution conformal loop ensemble Brownian excursion Gaussian free field

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Systemically functional characterization of regiospecific flavonoid O-methyltransferases from Glycine max

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 340-348页

作者： Bingtong Feng Yuguo Jiang Xiaodong Li Yan Wang Ziyu Ren Jian Lu Xing Yan Zhihua Zhou Pingping Wang Life Science and Technology College Guangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi530004China CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China The College of Life sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China

Plants produce diverse flavonoids for defense and stress resistance,most of which have health benefits and are widely used as food additives and *** of the free hydroxyl groups of flavonoids,catalyzed by S-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent O-methyltransferases(OMTs),significantly affects their physicochemical properties and ***(Glycine max)contain a rich pool of O-methylated ***,the OMTs responsible for flavonoid methylation in *** remain largely *** screened the *** genome and obtained 22 putative OMT-encoding genes that share a broad spectrum of amino acid identities(25–96%);among them,19 OMTs were successfully cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia *** used the flavonoids containing the free 3,5,7,8,3′,4′hydroxyl group,such as flavones(luteolin and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone),flavonols(kaempferol and quercetin),flavanones(naringenin and eriodictyol),isoflavonoids(daidzein and glycetein),and caffeic acid as substrates,and 15 OMTs were proven to catalyze at least one *** methylation activities of these GmOMTs covered the 3,7,8,3′,4′-hydroxyl of flavonoids and 7,4′-hydroxyl of *** systematic characterization of *** flavonoid OMTs provides insights into the biosynthesis of methylated flavonoids in soybeans and OMT bioparts for the production of methylated flavonoids via synthetic biology.

关键词： Flavonoids O-methyltransferases Glycine max Functional characterization

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