检索结果-南通市图书馆

Inferring Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Drug Resistance and Transmission using Whole-genome Sequencing in a High TB-burden Setting in China

引用

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 157-169页

作者： FAN Yu Feng LIU Dong Xin CHEN Yi Wang OU Xi Chao MAO Qi Zhi YANG Ting Ting WANG Xi Jiang HE Wen Cong ZHAO Bing LIU Zhen Jiang ABULIMITI Maiweilanjiang AIHEMUTI Maimaitiaili GAO Qian ZHAO Yan Lin Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/NHC/CAMS) School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Hangzhou Red cross Hospital Hangzhou 310005ZhejiangChina Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region center for Disease Control and Prevention Urumqi 830026XinjiangChina Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture Kashgar 844099XinjiangChina

Objective China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis(TB)worldwide,and TB remains a public health *** Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of the highest TB burden regions in ***,molecular epidemiological studies of Kashgar are *** A population-based retrospective study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing(WGS)to determine the characteristics of drug resistance and the transmission *** A total of 1,668 isolates collected in 2020 were classified into lineages 2(46.0%),3(27.5%),and 4(26.5%).The drug resistance rates revealed by WGS showed that the top three drugs in terms of the resistance rate were isoniazid(7.4%,124/1,668),streptomycin(6.0%,100/1,668),and rifampicin(3.3%,55/1,668).The rate of rifampicin resistance was 1.8%(23/1,290)in the new cases and 9.4%(32/340)in the previously treated *** resistance mutations were detected more frequently in lineage 2 strains than in lineage 3 or 4 strains,respectively:18.6%vs.8.7 or 9%,P<*** estimated proportion of recent transmissions was 25.9%(432/1,668).Multivariate logistic analyses indicated that sex,age,occupation,lineage,and drug resistance were the risk factors for recent *** the low rate of drug resistance,drug-resistant strains had a higher risk of recent transmission than the susceptible strains(adjusted odds ratio,1.414;95%CI,1.023–1.954;P=0.036).Among all patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB),78.4%(171/218)were attributed to the transmission of DR-TB *** Our results suggest that drug-resistant strains are more transmissible than susceptible strains and that transmission is the major driving force of the current DR-TB epidemic in Kashgar.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Whole-genome sequencing(WGS) Transmission Drug resistance Xinjiang

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Japan’s Quasi-Alliance Strategy:Motivations,Practices and Constraints

引用

China International studies 2024年第3期 100-124页

作者： Wang Jingchao center for Regional studies at the School of Foreign Languages Huazhong University of Science and Technology

The quasi-alliance strategy is part of the national security strategy and lies in the grey area between alliance and neutrality.1 In recent years,major countries,including Japan,have positioned quasi-alliance as a feasible unwritten option in their respective national security strategies.2 Japan’s quasialliance strategy was already in its infancy when former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe first came to power in September 2006 but was put on hold after his resignation in September 2007.

关键词： Japan Alliance Motivation

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Visible-light-induced organocatalyzed C（sp）–H bond functionalization of 1,3-azoles with trifluoroacetylsilanes

引用

Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Zhengyu Li Zeguo Zhang Zhihan Zhang Gang Zhou Yizhi Zhang Shanshan Liu Xiao Shen The Institute for Advanced studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of EducationWuhan University College of Chemistry Central China Normal University

Previous carbene insertion to C–H bonds of 1,3-azoles relied on metal carbene species. Herein, we report a metal-free C（sp2）–H bond functionalization of 1,3-azoles with trifluoroacetylsilanes. The reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope and wide functional group tolerance. The mechanistic study supports that the success of the reaction is probably attributed to the dual roles of trifluoroacetylsilanes under the photocatalyzed conditions: generating carbenes which undergo cyclopropanation and generating biradicals which promote ring-opening aromatization of the in situ generated fused cyclopropanes.

关键词：

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Visible-light-induced organocatalyzed C（sp2）–H bond functionalization of 1,3-azoles with trifluoroacetylsilanes

引用

Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期 3662-3668页

关键词：

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Tracing the sources of nutrients through the Tsushima/Korea Strait

引用

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 142-152页

作者： Jing Zhang Xinyu Guo Lei Zhu Jianlong Feng Liang Zhao Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology Ministry of EducationTianjin 300457China College of Marine and Environmental Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China center for Marine Environmental studies Ehime UniversityMatsuyama 790-8577Japan

The nutrients from the East China Sea(ECS) through the Tsushima/Korea Strait(TS) strongly impact the eco system of the Japan Sea(JS).The complex origins of the Tsushima Warm Current and the various nutrient sources in the ECS result in complex spatial-temporal variations in nutrients in the *** a physical-biological model with a tracking technique,we studied the effects of nutrient sources from the ECS on the *** all the nutrient sources,the Kuroshio has the highest nutrient concentrations in the *** maximum concentration occurs at the bottom,while those of rivers and atmospheric depo sition occur at the surface,and that of the Taiwan Strait occurs in the middle *** nutrient transport through the TS exhibits similar seasonal variations,as does the volume *** transport of nutrients from the Kuroshio accounts for more than 85% of the *** transport of nutrients from the Taiwan Strait is greater during autumn and *** transport of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) from both rivers and atmospheric deposition through the TS peak in *** transport cannot be equated with volume *** DIN in the less saline zone originates not only from rivers but also from atmospheric deposition and the *** transport of nutrients from the Taiwan Strait is not as significant as its volume transport in the TS.

关键词： dissolved inorganic nitrogen dissolved inorganic phosphate East China Sea Japan Sea nutrient transport

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Geochemical fractionation and potential release behaviour of heavy metals in lead–zinc smelting soils

引用

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1-11页

作者： Xinghua Luo Chao Xiang Chuan Wu Wenyan Gao Wenshun Ke Jiaqing Zeng Waichin Li Shengguo Xue School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Science and Environmental studies The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The lack of understanding of heavy metal speciation and solubility control mechanisms in smelting soils limits the effective pollution *** this study smelting soils were investigated by an advanced mineralogical analysis(AMICS),leaching tests and thermodynamic *** aims were to identify the partitioning and release behaviour of Pb,Zn,Cd and *** integration of multiple techniques was necessary and displayed coherent *** addition to the residual fraction,Pb and Zn were predominantly associated with reducible fractions,and As primarily existed as the crystalline iron oxide-bound *** quantitative analysis further confirmed that Fe oxyhydroxides were the common dominant phase for As,Cd,Pb and *** addition,a metal arsenate(paulmooreite)was an important mineral host for Pb and *** pH-stat leaching indicted that the release of Pb,Zn and Cd increased towards low pH values while release of As increased towards high p H *** separate leaching schemes were associated with the geochemical behaviour under the control of minerals and were confirmed by thermodynamic *** calculations suggested that the formation of arsenate minerals(schultenite,mimetite and koritnigite)and the binding to Fe oxyhydroxides synchronously controlled the release of Pb,Zn,Cd and *** results emphasized the governing role of Fe oxyhydroxides and secondary insoluble minerals in natural attenuation of heavy metals,which provides a novelty strategy for the stabilization of multi-metals in smelting sites.

关键词： Smelting soils Heavy metal Fractionation AMICS Geochemical modelling

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Streamlined process for effective and strand-selective mitochondrial base editing using mitoBEs

引用

Biophysics Reports 2024年第4期10卷 191-200页

作者： Xiaoxue Zhang Zongyi Yi Wei Tang Wensheng Wei Changping Laboratory Biomedical Pioneering Innovation center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Genome Editing Research Center State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences Peking University Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary studies Peking University

Mitochondrial base editing tools hold great promise for the investigation and treatment of mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrial DNA base editors(mitoBEs) integrate a programmable transcriptionactivator-like effector(TALE) protein with single-stranded DNA deaminase(TadA8e-V106W,APOBEC1, etc.) and nickase(MutH, ***6I(C), etc.) to achieve heightened precision and efficiency in mitochondrial base editing. This innovative mitochondrial base editing tool exhibits a number of advantages, including strand-selectivity for editing, high efficiency, and the capacity to perform diverse types of base editing on the mitochondrial genome by employing various deaminases. In this context,we provide a detailed experimental protocol for mitoBEs to assist others in achieving proficient mitochondrial base editing.

关键词： Mitochondrial DNA base editors (mitoBEs) Transcription-activator-like effector (TALE) Deaminase Nickase

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

AI Fairness-From Machine Learning to Federated Learning

引用

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1203-1215页

作者： Lalit Mohan Patnaik Wenfeng Wang Consciousness studies Program School of HumanitiesNational Institute of Advanced StudiesBangalore560012India Research Institute of Intelligent Engineering and Data Applications Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai201418China Research center of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China Applied Nonlinear Science Lab Anand International College of EngineeringJaipur391320India London Institute of Technology The ASE-London CTI of SCOLondonCR26EQUK Sino-Indian Joint Research center of AI and Robotics The IMT InstituteBhubaneswar752054India

This article reviews the theory of fairness in AI-frommachine learning to federated learning,where the constraints on precision AI fairness and perspective solutions are also *** a reliable and quantitative evaluation of AI fairness,many associated concepts have been proposed,formulated and ***,the inexplicability of machine learning systems makes it almost impossible to include all necessary details in the modelling stage to ensure *** privacy worries induce the data unfairness and hence,the biases in the datasets for evaluating AI fairness are *** imbalance between algorithms’utility and humanization has further reinforced *** for federated learning systems,these constraints on precision AI fairness still *** solution is to reconcile the federated learning processes and reduce biases and imbalances accordingly.

关键词： Formulation evaluation classification constraints imbalance biases

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Recombination and repeat-induced point mutation landscapes reveal trade-offs between the sexual and asexual cycles of Magnaporthe oryzae

引用

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 723-734页

作者： Xifang Zong Yaxin Lou Mengshuang Xia Kunyang Zhao Jingxuan Chen Ju Huang Sihai Yang Long Wang State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210000China State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Bioinformatics CenterAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210000China Co-Innovation center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210000China

The fungal disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most devastating diseases that endanger many crops *** shows that sexual reproduction can be advantageous for fungal diseases as hybridization facilitates ***,the pervasive clonal lineages of *** observed in natural fields contradict this expectation.A better understanding of the roles of recombination and the fungi-specific repeat-induced point mutation(RIP)in shaping its evolutionary trajectory is essential to bridge this knowledge *** we systematically investigate the RIP and recombination landscapes in *** using a whole genome sequencing data from 252 population samples and 92 cross *** data reveal that the RIP can robustly capture the population history of ***,and we provide accurate estimations of the recombination and RIP rates across different *** ***,our results highlight a parent-of-origin bias in both recombination and RIP rates,tightly associating with their sexual potential and variations of effector *** bias suggests a critical trade-off between generating novel allelic combinations in the sexual cycle to facilitate host-jumping and stimulating transposon-associated diversification of effectors in the asexual cycle to facilitate host *** findings provide unique insights into understanding the evolution of blast fungus.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae crossover Repeat-induced point mutation(RiP) Effectors Sexual reproduction

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Characterizing structure of cross-disciplinary impact of global disciplines:A perspective of the Hierarchy of Science

引用

Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第1期9卷 53-81页

作者： Ruolan Liu Jin Mao Gang Li Yujie Cao center for studies of Information Resources Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Information Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Information Management Central China Normal University 430072WuhanChina

Purpose:Interdisciplinary fields have become the driving force of modern science and a significant source of scientific ***,there is still a paucity of analysis about the essential characteristics of disciplines’cross-disciplinary ***/methodology/approach:In this study,we define cross-disciplinary impact on one discipline as its impact to other disciplines,and refer to a three-dimensional framework of variety-balance-disparity to characterize the structure of cross-disciplinary *** variety of cross-disciplinary impact of the discipline was defined as the proportion of the high cross-disciplinary impact publications,and the balance and disparity of cross-disciplinary impact were measured as *** demonstrate the cross-disciplinary impact of the disciplines in science,we chose Microsoft Academic Graph(MAG)as the data source,and investigated the relationship between disciplines’cross-disciplinary impact and their positions in the Hierarchy of Science(HOS).Findings:Analytical results show that there is a significant correlation between the ranking of cross-disciplinary impact and the HOS structure,and that the discipline exerts a greater cross-disciplinary impact on its neighboring *** bibliometric features that measure the hardness of a discipline,including the number of references,the number of cited disciplines,the citation distribution,and the Price index have a significant positive effect on the variety of cross-disciplinary *** number of references,the number of cited disciplines,and the citation distribution have significant positive and negative effects on balance and disparity,*** is concluded that the less hard the discipline,the greater the cross-disciplinary impact,the higher balance and the lower disparity of cross-disciplinary *** limitations:In the empirical analysis of HOS,we only included five broad *** study also has some biases caused by the data source and a

关键词： Interdisciplinary research cross-disciplinary Scientific impact Soft science Hard science Citation

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：