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Surface-functionalized hole-selective monolayer for high efficiency single-junction wide-bandgap and monolithic tandem perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 317-326,I0008页

作者： Devthade Vidyasagar Yeonghun Yun Jae Yu Cho Hyemin Lee Kyung Won Kim Yong Tae Kim Sung Woong Yang Jina Jung Won Chang Choi Seonu Kim Rajendra Kumar Gunasekaran Seok Beom Kang Kwang Heo Dong Hoe Kim Jaeyeong Heo Sangwook Lee School of materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering and Optoelectronics Convergence Research CenterChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Carbazole moiety-based 2PACz([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid)self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are excellent hole-selective contact(HSC)materials with abilities to excel the charge-transferdynamics of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we report a facile but powerful method to functionalize the surface of 2PACz-SAM,by which reproducible,highly stable,high-efficiency wide-bandgap PSCs can be obtained.The 2PACz surface treatment with various donor number solvents improves assembly of 2PACz-SAM and leave residual surface-bound solvent molecules on 2PACz-SAM,which increases perovskite grain size,retards halide segregation,and accelerates hole extraction.The surface functionalization achieves a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.62%for a single-junction wide-bandgap(~1.77 e V)PSC.We also demonstrate a monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell using surfaceengineered HSC,showing high PCE of 24.66%with large open-circuit voltage of 2.008 V and high fillfactor of 81.45%.Our results suggest this simple approach can further improve the tandem device,when coupled with a high-performance narrow-bandgap sub-cell.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells 2PACz Monolithic tandem solar cells Wide bandgap

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A comprehensive review on the resynthesis of ternary cathode active materials from the leachate of Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 446-463页

作者： Dongwoo Kim Hyeoncheol Joo Chanmin Kim Seoa Kim Wan-Yi Kim Sangwoo Han Joongkil Park Soyeon Park Heechul Jung Sanghyuk Park Kyungjung Kwon Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering Sejong University LIB Recycling Research Group LIB Materials R&D Center POSCO Holdings Department of Future Energy convergence Seoul National University of Science & Technology Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Flying Vehicles Institute Sejong University

This review highlights the importance of recovering valuable metals from spent Li-ion battery(LIB) cathodes through the resynthesis of cathode active materials(CAMs). The resynthesis process of CAMs, a promising recycling method that directly produces CAM precursors from LIB leachate, is explored. This process encompasses six key steps, including pretreatment, leaching, purification, adjustment of metal concentrations, precursor synthesis, and sintering. The review also investigates the potential introduction of impurity elements during CAM resynthesis and provides tolerance levels for these impurities based on thorough reference analysis. Additionally, it addresses challenges related to the commercialization of the resynthesis process. Notably, this review represents the first comprehensive assessment of CAM resynthesis, including the systematic evaluation of 12 impurity elements(Fe, Li, Al, Cu, C, P, F, Na, Cl, S, Mg,and Zn). Overall, this comprehensive review is poised to support the commercial development of resynthesized CAMs by offering valuable guidelines for managing impurities and streamlining the purification process.

关键词： Impurity Leachate Li-ion battery Recycling Resynthesis

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Surface Patterning of Metal Zinc Electrode with an In‑Region Zincophilic Interface for High‑Rate and Long‑Cycle‑Life Zinc Metal Anode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 192-209页

作者： Tian Wang Qiao Xi Kai Yao Yuhang Liu Hao Fu Venkata Siva Kavarthapu Jun Kyu Lee Shaocong Tang Dina Fattakhova‑Rohlfing Wei Ai Jae Su Yu Department of Electronics and Information convergence Engineering Institute for Wearable Convergence ElectronicsKyung Hee UniversityYongin‑siGyeonggi‑do 17104Republic of Korea Frontiers Science center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE)and Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics(SIFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University(NPU)127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Institute of Energy and Climate Research:materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK‑1) Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH52425 JulichGermany School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu‑RoJangan‑GuSuwon‑siGyeonggi‑doRepublic of Korea

The undesirable dendrite growth induced by non-planar zinc(Zn)deposition and low Coulombic efficiency resulting from severe side reactions have been long-standing challenges for metallic Zn anodes and substantially impede the practical application of rechargeable aqueous Zn metal batteries(ZMBs).Herein,we present a strategy for achieving a high-rate and long-cycle-life Zn metal anode by patterning Zn foil surfaces and endowing a Zn-Indium(Zn-In)interface in the microchannels.The accumulation of electrons in the microchannel and the zincophilicity of the Zn-In interface promote preferential heteroepitaxial Zn deposition in the microchannel region and enhance the tolerance of the electrode at high current densities.Meanwhile,electron aggregation accelerates the dissolution of non-(002)plane Zn atoms on the array surface,thereby directing the subsequent homoepitaxial Zn deposition on the array surface.Consequently,the planar dendrite-free Zn deposition and long-term cycling stability are achieved(5,050 h at 10.0 mA cm^(−2) and 27,000 cycles at 20.0 mA cm^(−2)).Furthermore,a Zn/I_(2) full cell assembled by pairing with such an anode can maintain good stability for 3,500 cycles at 5.0 C,demonstrating the application potential of the as-prepared ZnIn anode for high-performance aqueous ZMBs.

关键词： Zn metal anode Surface patterning Directional Zn deposition Aqueous Zn-I_(2)batteries

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Anode surface engineering of zinc-ion batteries using tellurium nanobelt as a protective layer for enhancing energy storage performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 113-123页

作者： Soobeom Lee Yeonjin Je Boeun Seok Hyun Tae Kim Yong-Ryun Jo Soong Ju Oh Byoungyong Im Dae Guen Kim Sang-Soo Chee Geon-Hyoung An Department of Energy System Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52725Republic of Korea Nano convergence materials center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology(KICET)Jinju 52851Republic of Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of materials Science and Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea GIST Advanced Insitute of Instrumental Analysis(GAIA) Electron Microscopy LaboratoryGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea center for Advanced materials and Processing Institute for Advanced EngineeringYongin 17180Republic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52725Republic of Korea

Over the years,zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have attracted attention as a promising next-generation energy storage technology because of their excellent safety,long cycling performance,eco-friendliness,and high-power density.However,issues,such as the corrosion and dissolution of the Zn anode,limited wet-tability,and lack of sufficient nucleation sites for Zn plating,have limited their practical application.The introduction of a protective layer comprising of tellurium(Te)nanobelts onto the surface of Zn anode has emerged as a promising approach to overcome these limitations and improve the electrochemical behav-ior by enhancing the safety and wettability of ZIBs,as well as providing numerous nucleation sites for Zn plating.In the presence of a Te-based protective layer,the energy power density of the surface-engineered Zn anode improved significantly(ranging from 310 to 144 W h kg^(-1),over a power density range of 270 to 1,800 W kg^(-1)),and the lifespan capability was extended.These results demonstrate that the proposed strategy of employing Te nanobelts as a protective layer holds great promise for enhancing the energy storage performance of zIBs,making them even more attractive as a viable energy storage solution forthefuture.

关键词： Zn ion battery Anode Protective layer Tellurium Nanobelt

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Superconducting joints using reacted multifilament MgB_(2)wires:A technology toward cryogen-free MRI magnets

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 159-170页

作者： Dipak Patel Akiyoshi Matsumoto Hiroaki Kumakura Yuka Hara Toru Hara Minoru Maeda Hao Liang Yusuke Yamauchi Seyong Choi Jung Ho Kim Md Shahriar A.Hossain School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia National Institute for materials Science(NIMS) 1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Kangwon High Magnetic Field center Institute of Quantum Convergence TechnologyKangwon National UniversityGangwon 24341Republic of Korea Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Department of materials Process Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityNagoyaAichi 464-8603Japan Institute for Superconducting and Electronic materials Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongNorth WollongongNew South Wales 2500Australia

The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Herein,the fabrication of superconducting joints using reacted carbon-doped multifilament MgB_(2)wires for MRI magnets is reported.To achieve successful superconducting joints,the powder-in-mold method was employed,which involved tuning the filament protection mechanism,the powder compaction pressure,and the heat treatment condition.The fabricated joints demonstrated clear superconducting-to-normal transitions in self-field,with effective magnetic field screening up to 0.5 T at 20 K.To evaluate the interface between one of the MgB_(2)filaments and the MgB_(2)bulk within the joint,serial sectioning was conducted for the first time in this type of superconducting joint.The serial sectioning revealed space formation at the interface,potentially caused by the volume shrinkage associated with the MgB_(2)formation or the combined effect of the volume shrinkage and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the MgB_(2)bulk,the filament,the mold,and the sealing material.These findings are expected to be pivotal in developing MgB_(2)superconducting joining technology for MRI magnet applications through interface engineering.

关键词： Mg B2 superconducting joint MgB_(2)conductor MRI applications Cryogen-free magnet Persistent-mode operation

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Oxygen functionalization-assisted anionic exchange toward unique construction of flower-like transition metal chalcogenide embedded carbon fabric for ultra-long life flexible energy storage and conversion

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 72-93页

作者： Roshan M.Bhattarai Kisan Chhetri Nghia Le Debendra Acharya Shirjana Saud Mai Cao Hoang Phuong Lan Nguyen Sang Jae Kim Young Sun Mok Department of Chemical Engineering Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Department of Nano convergence Engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea Regional Leading Research center(RLRC)for Nanocarbon-based Energy materials and Application Technology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea Department of Chemistry Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA Nanomaterials and System Laboratory Department of Mechatronics EngineeringJeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

The metal-organic framework(MOF)derived Ni–Co–C–N composite alloys(NiCCZ)were“embedded”inside the carbon cloth(CC)strands as opposed to the popular idea of growing them upward to realize ultrastable energy storage and conversion application.The NiCCZ was then oxygen functionalized,facilitating the next step of stoichiometric sulfur anion diffusion during hydrothermal sulfurization,generating a flower-like metal hydroxysulfide structure(NiCCZOS)with strong partial implantation inside CC.Thus obtained NiCCZOS shows an excellent capacity when tested as a supercapacitor electrode in a three-electrode configuration.Moreover,when paired with the biomass-derived nitrogen-rich activated carbon,the asymmetric supercapacitor device shows almost 100%capacity retention even after 45,000 charge–discharge cycles with remarkable energy density(59.4 Wh kg^(-1)/263.8μWh cm^(–2))owing to a uniquely designed cathode.Furthermore,the same electrode performed as an excellent bifunctional water-splitting electrocatalyst with an overpotential of 271 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and 168.4 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)at 10 mA cm−2 current density along with 30 h of unhinged chronopotentiometric stability performance for both HER and OER.Hence,a unique metal chalcogenide composite electrode/substrate configuration has been proposed as a highly stable electrode material for flexible energy storage and conversion applications.

关键词： carbon cloth energy conversion energy storage flexible metal embedding ultra-stable

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Polymer donors with hydrophilic side-chains enabling efficient and thermally-stable polymer solar cells by non-halogenated solvent processing

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Nano Research Energy 2024年第1期3卷 19-29页

作者： Soodeok Seo Jun-Young Park Jin Su Park Seungjin Lee Do-Yeong Choi Yun-Hi Kim Bumjoon J.Kim Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of materials Engineering and convergence Technology and ERI Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Advanced Energy materials Research center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and ERI Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea

Polymer solar cells(PSCs)with high power conversion efficiency(PCE)and environment-friendly fabrication are the main requirements enabling their production in industrial scale.While the use of non-halogenated solvent processing is inevitable for the PSC fabrication,it significantly reduces the processability of polymer donors(PDS)and small-molecule acceptors(SMAs).This often results in unoptimized blend morphology and limits the device performance.To address this issue,hydrophilic oligoethylene glycol(OEG)side-chains are introduced into a PD(2EG)to enhance the molecular compatibility between the PD and L8-BO SMA.The 2EG PD induces higher crystallinity and alleviates phase separation with the SMA compared to the reference PD(PM7)with hydrocarbon side-chains.Consequently,the 2EG-based PSCs exhibit a higher PCE(15.8%)than the PM7-based PSCs(PCE=14.4%)in the ortho-xylene based processing.Importantly,benefitted from the reduced phase separation and increased crystallinity of 2EG PDS,the 2EG-based PSCs show enhanced thermal stability(84%of initial PCE after 120 h heating)compared to that of the PM7-based PSCs(60%of initial PCE after 120 h heating).This study demonstrates the potential of OEG side-chain-incorporated materials in developing efficient,stable,and eco-friendly PSCs.

关键词： polymer solar cell polymer donor OEG side-chain non-halogenated solvent process side-chain engineering

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Correlation between hydration properties and electrochemical performances on Ln cation size effect in layered perovskite for protonic ceramic fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 1-9,I0001页

作者： Inhyeok Cho Jiwon Yun Boseok Seong Junseok Kim Sun Hee Choi Ho-Il Ji Sihyuk Choi Department of Mechanical Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi 39177GyeongbukRepublic of Korea Department of Aeronautics Mechanical and Electronic Convergence EngineeringKumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi 39177GyeongbukRepublic of Korea center for Energy materials Research Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Clean Technology Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Nanomaterials Science and Engineering Korea University of Science and Technology(UST)KIST CampusSeoul 02792Republic of Korea

PrBa_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(5+δ)(PrBSCF) has attracted much research interest as a potential triple ionic and electronic conductor(TIEC) electrode for protonic ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs). The chemical formula for Pr BSCF is AA'B_(2)O_(5+δ), with Pr(A-site) and Ba/Sr(A'-site) alternately stacked along the c-axis. Due to these structural features, the bulk oxygen ion diffusivity is significantly enhanced through the disorder-free channels in the PrO layer;thus, the A site cations(lanthanide ions) play a pivotal role in determining the overall electrochemical properties of layered perovskites. Consequently, previous research has predominantly focused on the electrical properties and oxygen bulk/surface kinetics of Ln cation effects,whereas the hydration properties for PCFC systems remain unidentified. Here, we thoroughly examined the proton uptake behavior and thermodynamic parameters for the hydration reaction to conclusively determine the changes in the electrochemical performances depending on LnBa_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(5+δ)(LnBSCF,Ln=Pr, Nd, and Gd) cathodes. At 500 ℃, the quantitative proton concentration of PrBSCF was 2.04 mol% and progressively decreased as the Ln cation size decreased. Similarly, the Gibbs free energy indicated that less energy was required for the formation of protonic defects in the order of Pr BSCF < Nd BSCF < Gd BSCF. To elucidate the close relationship between hydration properties and electrochemical performances in LnBSCF cathodes, PCFC single cell measurements and analysis of the distribution of relaxation time were further investigated.

关键词： Protonic ceramic fuel cell Cathode Triple ionic and electronic conductor Hydration property Proton uptake Gibbs free energy

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Functionally graded structure of a nitride-strengthened Mg_(2)Si-based hybrid composite

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1239-1256页

作者： Jeongho Yang Woongbeom Heogh Hogi Ju Sukhyun Kang Tae-Sik Jang Hyun-Do Jung Mohammad Jahazi Seung Chul Han Seong Je Park Hyoung Seop Kim Susmita Bose Amit Bandyopadhyay Martin Byung-Guk Jun Young Won Kim Dae-kyeom Kim Rigoberto CAdvincula Clodualdo Aranas Jr Sang Hoon Kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Process Research 3 Team LG Display Co.Ltd.PajuGyeonggi-do 10845Republic of Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Institute of Well-Aging Medicare&Chosun University LAMP center Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Division of materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering École de Technologie SupérieureMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada Material&Component convergence R&D center Korea Construction Equipment Technology InstituteGunsanJeollabuk-do 54002Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Graduate Institute of Ferrous&Eco materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongsangbuk-do 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute for convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and materials Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164USA School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon 21999Republic of Korea Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio 44106USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced materials University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennessee 37996USA center for Nanophase materials and Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37830USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 5A3Cana

The ex-situ incorporation of the secondary SiC reinforcement,along with the in-situ incorporation of the tertiary and quaternary Mg_(3)N_(2) and Si_(3)N_(4) phases,in the primary matrix of Mg_(2)Si is employed in order to provide ultimate wear resistance based on the laser-irradiation-induced inclusion of N_(2) gas during laser powder bed fusion.This is substantialized based on both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reactionbased metallurgy of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid composite.This study also proposes a functional platform for systematically modulating a functionally graded structure and modeling build-direction-dependent architectonics during additive manufacturing.This strategy enables the development of a compositional gradient from the center to the edge of each melt pool of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid composite.Consequently,the coefficient of friction of the hybrid composite exhibits a 309.3%decrease to–1.67 compared to–0.54 for the conventional nonreinforced Mg_(2)Si structure,while the tensile strength exhibits a 171.3%increase to 831.5 MPa compared to 485.3 MPa for the conventional structure.This outstanding mechanical behavior is due to the(1)the complementary and synergistic reinforcement effects of the SiC and nitride compounds,each of which possesses an intrinsically high hardness,and(2)the strong adhesion of these compounds to the Mg_(2)Si matrix despite their small sizes and low concentrations.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Mg_(2)Si-SiC/nitride hybrid composite Both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reaction-based metallurgy Functionally graded structure Compositional gradient Wear resistance.

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Correction: Surface Patterning of Metal ZincElectrode with an In-Region Zincophilic Interfacefor High-Rate and Long-Cycle-Life Zinc MetalAnode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 456-457页

作者： Tian Wang Qiao Xi Kai Yao Yuhang Liu Hao Fu Venkata Siva Kavarthapu Jun Kyu Lee Shaocong Tang Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing Wei Ai Jae Su Yu Department of Electronics and Information convergence Engineering Institute for Wearable Convergence ElectronicsKyung Hee UniversityYongin-siGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea Frontiers Science center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE)and Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics(SIFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University(NPU)127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Institute of Energy and Climate Research:materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK-1) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-RoJangan-GuSuwon-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea

Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2024)16:112 https://***/10.1007/s40820-024-01327-2 In the supplementary information the following corrections have been carried out:1.Institute of Energy and Climate Research,materials Synthesis and Processing,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.Corrected:Institute of Energy and Climate Research:materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK-1),Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.

关键词： correction Zinc Electrode

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