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Aggregate stability and associated C and N in a silty loam soil as affected by organic material inputs

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第4期14卷 774-787页

作者： LONG Pan SUI Peng GAO Wang-sheng WANG Bin-bin HUANG Jian-xiong YAN Peng ZOU Juan-xiu YAN Ling-ling CHEN Yuan-quan Circular Agriculture Research center/College of Agronomy and biotechnology China Agricultural University

To make recycling utilization of organic materials produced in various agricultural systems, five kinds of organic materials were applied in a field test, including crop straw （CS）, biogas residue （BR）, mushroom residue （MR）, wine residue （WR）, pig manure （PM）, with a mineral fertilizer （CF） and a no-fertilizer （CK） treatment as a control. Our objectives were： i） to quantify the effects of organic materials on soil C and N accumulation; ii） to evaluate the effects of organic materials on soil aggregate stability, along with the total organic carbon （TOC）, and N in different aggregate fractions; and iii） to assess the relationships among the organic material components, soil C and N, and C, N in aggregate fractions. The trial was conducted in Wuqiao County, Hebei Province, China. The organic materials were incorporated at an equal rate of C, and combined with a mineral fertilizer in amounts of 150 kg N ha^-1, 26 kg P ha^-1 and 124 kg K ha-1 respectively during each crop season of a wheat-maize rotation system. The inputted C quantity of each organic material treatment was equivalent to the total amount of C contained in the crop straw harvested in CS treatement in the previous season. TOC, N, water-stable aggregates, and aggregate-associated TOC and N were investigated. The results showed that organic material incorporation increased soil aggregation and stabilization. On average, the soil macroaggregate proportion increased by 14%, the microaggregate proportion increased by 3%, and mean-weight diameter （MWD） increased by 20%. TOC content followed the order of PM〉WR〉MR〉BR〉CS〉CK〉CF; N content followed the order WR〉PM〉MR〉BR〉CS〉CF〉CK. No significant correlation was found between TOC, N, and the quality of organic material. Soil silt and clay particles contained the largest part of TOC, whereas the small macroaggregate fraction was the most sensitive to organic materials. Our results indicate that PM and WR exerted better effects on soil C and N accumulation, followed by

关键词： organic materials aggregates soil organic carbon soil nitrogen stabilization

Modeling the influence of phenotypic plasticity on maize hybrid performance

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 288-301页

作者： Ran Fu Xiangfeng Wang National Maize Improvement center College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Frontiers Science center for Molecular Design Breeding College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China

Phenotypic plasticity,the ability of an individual to alter its phenotype in response to changes in the environment,has been proposed as a target for breeding crop varieties with high environmental ***,we used phenotypic and genotypic data from multiple maize(Zea mays L.)populations to mathematically model phenotypic plasticity in response to the environment(PPRE)in inbred and hybrid *** can be simply described by a linear model in which the two main parameters,intercept a and slope b,reflect two classes of genes responsive to endogenous(class A)and exogenous(class B)signals that coordinate plant ***,class A and class B genes contribute to the phenotypic plasticity of an individual in response to the *** also made connections between phenotypic plasticity and hybrid performance or general combining ability(GCA)of yield using 30 F_(1) hybrid populations generated by crossing the same maternal line with 30 paternal lines from different maize heterotic *** show that the parameters a and b from two given parental lines must be concordant to reach an ideal GCA of F_(1) *** hypothesize that coordinated regulation of the two classes of genes in the F_(1) hybrid genome is the basis for high *** on this theory,we built a series of predictive models to evaluate GCA in silico between parental lines of different heterotic groups.

关键词： phenotypic plasticity genotype-by-environment interaction genomic selection hybrid performance general combining ability

P-induced electron transfer interaction for enhanced selective hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 43-51页

作者： Weichen Wang Hongke Zhang Yidan Wang Fangyuan Zhou Zhiyu Xiang Wanbin Zhu Hongliang Wang center of Biomass Engineering College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass ***,we reported a P-doping bifunctional catalyst(Ni-P/mSiO_(2))that achieved 96.6%yield for the hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone at mild conditions(1 MPaH_(2),150°C).The turnover frequency of Ni-P/mSiO_(2)was 411.9 h^(-1),which was 3.2-fold than that of Ni/mSiO_(2)(127.2 h^(-1)).Detailed characterizations and differential charge density calculations revealed that the electron-deficient Niδ+species were generated by the electron transfer from Ni to P,which promoted the ring rearrangement *** functional theory calculations illustrated that the presence of P atoms endowed furfural tilted adsorb on the Ni surface by the C=O group and facilitated the desorption of *** work unraveled the connection between the localized electronic structures and the catalytic properties,so as to provide a promising reference for designing advanced catalysts for biomass valorization.

关键词： Furfural Hydrogenation rearrangement P-doping Electron transfer Biomass valorization

Characterization and mapping of a novel light-dependent lesion mimic mutant lmm6 in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第9期14卷 1687-1696页

作者： XIAO Gui-qing ZHANG Hai-wen LU Xiang-yang HUANG Rong-feng College of Bioscience and biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan agricultural Bioengineering Research Institute biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

A novel rice lesion mimic mutant (LMM) was isolated from an ethane methyl sulfonate (EMS)-induced 02428 mutant bank. The mutant, tentatively designated as lmm6, develops necrotic lesions in the whole growth period along with changes in several important agronomic traits. We found that the initiation of the lesions was induced by light and cel death occurred in lmm6 accompanied with accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The lower chlorophyl content, soluble protein content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected in lmm6 than in the wild type (WT). Moreover, the observation by transmission electronic microscope (TEM) demonstrated that some organel es were damaged and the stroma lamel a of chloroplast was irregular and loose in mesophyl cel of lmm6. In addition, lmm6 was more resistant than WT to rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea infection, which was consistent with increased expression of four genes involved in the defense-related reaction. Genetic analysis showed that mutant trait of lmm6 is inherited as a monogenic recessive nuclear gene located on the long arm of chromosome 6. Using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, the target gene was ifnal y delimited to an interval of 80.8 kb between markers MM2359 and MM2370, containing 7 annotated genes. Taken together, our results provide the information to identify a new gene involved in rice lesion mimic, which wil be helpful in clarifying the mechanism of cel death and disease resistance in rice.

关键词： rice lesion mimic mutant gene mapping ROS blast resistance

Reduction of lesion growth rate of late blight plant disease in transgenic potato expressing harpin protein

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Science China(Life Sciences) 1999年第1期42卷 96-101页

作者：李汝刚范云六 1. biotechnology Research center Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 100081 Beijing China

Using harpin protein gene from apple fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylavora and potato prp1-1 promoter as main DNA elements, the feasibility of using pathogen infection-induced hypersensitive response was explored as a new strategy of engineering fungal disease resistance. Three plant transformation vectors were constructed and 68 transgenic potato plants were produced through Agrobacterium mediated transformation method. Southern, Northern and Western blot analysis demonstrated the insertion, transcription and protein expression of harpin protein gene in transgenic plants. Disease resistance test using a complex race of Phytophthora infestans as challenging pathogen showed that both constitutive and pathogen infection-induced expression of harpin protein gene in transgenic potato reduced the lesion growth rate of fungus. Among plants where harpin protein gene expression was induced only by fungus infection, two plants were found to be highly resistant to P. infestans infection. Fungal hyphae were not produced on total of 30 inoculated leaves from the two resistant plants and necrotic lesion was limited to inoculation area. The results highlighted that engineered hypersensitive response in plants was a very promising approach to produce fungal disease resistant genotype.

关键词： fungal disease hypersensitive response harpin potato late blight.

Transgenic japonica rice expressing the cry1C gene is resistant to striped stem borers in Northeast China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第11期20卷 2837-2848页

作者： JIN Yong-mei MA Rui YU Zhi-jing LIN Xiu-feng Institute of agricultural biotechnology Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural BiotechnologyChangchun 130033P.R.China

Rice production and quality are seriously affected by the lepidopteran pest,striped stem borer(SSB),in Northeast *** this study,a synthetic cry1 C gene encoding Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)δ-endotoxin,which is toxic to lepidopteran pest,was transformed into a japonica rice variety(Jigeng 88)in Northeast China by Agrobacterium-mediated *** molecular detection and the Basta resistance germination assay,a total of 16 single-copy homozygous transgenic lines were obtained from 126 independent transformants expressing cry1 ***,four cry1 C-transgenic lines(JL16,JL23,JL41,and JL42)were selected by evaluation of the Cry1 C protein level,insect-resistance and agronomic *** cry1 C-transgenic lines had higher resistance to SSB and higher yield compared with non-transgenic(NT)control plants.T-DNA flanking sequence analysis of the transgenic line JL42 showed that the cry1 C gene was inserted into the intergenic region of chromosome 11,indicating that its insertion may not interfere with the genes near insertion *** summary,this study developed four cry1 C-transgenic japonica rice lines with high insect resistance and high *** can be used as insect-resistant germplasm materials to overcome the problem of rice yield reduction caused by SSB and reduce the use of pesticides in Northeast China.

关键词： striped stem borer insect resistance cry1C gene transgenic japonica rice T-DNA flanking sequence

Effect of the scale of quantitative trait data on the representativeness of a cotton germplasm sub-core collection

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & biotechnology) 2013年第2期14卷 162-170页

作者： Jian-cheng WANG Jin HU Ya-jing GUAN Yan-fang ZHU Seed Science center College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang University Shandong Crop Germplasm center Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences

A cotton germplasm collection with data for 20 quantitative traits was used to investigate the effect of the scale of quantitative trait data on the representativeness of plant sub-core *** relationship between the representativeness of a sub-core collection and two influencing factors,the number of traits and the sampling percentage,was studied.A mixed linear model approach was used to eliminate environmental errors and predict genotypic values of ***-core collections were constructed using a least distance stepwise sampling(LDSS) method combining standardized Euclidean distance and an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA) cluster *** mean difference percentage(MD),variance difference percentage(VD),coincidence rate of range(CR),and variable rate of coefficient of variation(VR) served as evaluation *** Carlo simulation was conducted to study the relationship among the number of traits,the sampling percentage,and the four evaluation *** results showed that the representativeness of a sub-core collection was affected greatly by the number of traits and the sampling percentage,and that these two influencing factors were closely *** the number of traits improved the representativeness of a sub-core collection when the data of genotypic values were *** change in the genetic diversity of sub-core collections with different sampling percentages showed a linear tendency when the number of traits was small,and a logarithmic tendency when the number of traits was ***,the change in the genetic diversity of sub-core collections with different numbers of traits always showed a strong logarithmic tendency when the sampling percentage was changing.A CR threshold method based on Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to determine the rational number of traits for a relevant sampling percentage of a sub-core collection.

关键词： Sub-core collection Mixed linear model Least distance stepwise sampling Monte Carlo simulation CR threshold method

Microbial population dynamics and changes in main nutrients during the acidification process of pig manures

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期23卷 497-505页

作者： Dongdong Zhang Xufeng Yuan Peng Guo Yali Suo Xiaofen Wang Weidong Wang Zongjun Cui College of Agronomy and biotechnology/center of Biomass Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China College of Life Science Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding 071001 China

This study evaluated the impact of pig manure acidification on anaerobic treatment and composition of the fecal microbial community. According to the different chemical oxygen demand （COD） in the anaerobic treatment processes, pig manure was diluted 4 times （×4）, 16 times （×16）, or 64 times （×64） and subjected to acidification. During the acidification process, pH, soluble chemical oxygen demand （SCOD）, volatile fatty acids （VFAs）, nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） were determined along with microbial population dynamics. The pH of the three dilutions first declined, and then slowly increased. The total VFAs of x4 and xl6 dilutions peaked on day 15 and 20, respectively. The content of acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid and valeric acid of the × 4 dilution were 23.6, 11.4, 8.8 and 0.6 g/L respectively, and that of the xl6 dilution was 5.6, 2.3, 0.9 and 0.2 g/L respectively. Only acetic acid was detected in the ×64 dilution, and its level peaked on day 10. The results showed that the liquid pig manure was more suitable to enter the anaerobic methanogenic hioreactors after two weeks of acidification. During the acidification process, total P concentration increased during the first ten days, then dropped sharply, and rose again to a relatively high final concentration, while total N concentration rose initially and then declined. Based on the analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and 16S rRNA gene clone library, we concluded that the acidification process reduced the number of pathogenic bacteria species in pig manure.

关键词： pig manure acidification microbial population dynamics

Strawberry vein banding virus P6 protein intracellular transport and an important domain identification

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第9期17卷 2031-2041页

作者： PAN Yuan ZHOU Xiu-hong LI Shuai FENG Ming-feng SHI Man-ling ZUO Deng-pan JIANG Xi-zi CHEN Jing HU Ya-hui ZHANG Xiang-xiang JIANG Tong School of Plant Protection Anhui Agricultural University biotechnology center Anhui Agricultural University College of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University

Strawberry vein banding virus （SVBV）-infected strawberry cells contain cytoplasmic inclusions with isometric particles. To identify the components of the inclusions, green fluorescent protein （GFP） was fused to the carboxy-terminus （C-terminus） of SVBV open reading frames, these constructs were separately transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens and infiltrated into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Results showed that the SVBV P6 protein assembled into prominent and amorphous inclusion bodies （IBs）. To investigate P6 subcellular localization, P6-GFP was ectopically expressed in N. benthamiana leaves by agroinfiltration and then stained with 4＂,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole （DAPI）. We found the P6 protein accumulated in the nuclei and also formed cytoplasmic IBs with different sizes. To further determine the location of P6 IBs in the cytoplasm, and explore whether the P6 IBs move freely or depend on cytoskeleton and endoplasmic reticulum （ER）, the microfilament marker protein （GFP-ABD2-GFP）, microtubules marker protein （mCherry-MAP65-1） and ER marker protein （mCherry-HDEL） were separately coexpressed with P6-GFP and into N. benthamiana leaves by agroinfiltration, exhibiting that P6 IBs aligned with cytoskeleton and endoplasmic reticulum. Meanwhile, coinfiltration of P1 and P6 indicated the P6 colocalized with the P1 protein at periphery of cells. The P6 protein contains one C-terminal nuclear localization signal （NLS） region, a P6 protein mutant with a deleted NLS did not localize in the nucleus, did not form IBs, and was unable to facilitate exogenous GFP expression. These results demonstrate that the deleted NLS region is an important P6 domain required for biological functions. In summary, the mobile P6 IBs are associated with ER, microfilaments and microtubules and move along microfilaments to the SVBV P1 protein in the PD.

关键词： SVBV IBs intracellular transport cytoskeleton ER P6 mutant