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Punicalagin alleviates hypercholesterolemia in mice through modulating farnesoid X receptor signaling and modulating gut microbiota

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Huanhuan Liu Hongli Liu Chunhong Yan Jiaxiu Liu Yu Cao Guopeng Li Xiaodong Xia State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control National Engineering research center of Seafood School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Beijing Advanced Innovation center for Food Nutrition and Human Health College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University

Punicalagin has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties， but whether and how it could impact hypercholesterolemia remains not fully explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of punicalagin on hypercholesterolemia in mice and its related mechanisms. After 6 weeks’ intervention， punicalagin significantly reduced serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in mice fed a high-fat high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet. Meanwhile， punicalagin supplementation lowered hepatic cholesterol level， which corresponded to the down-regulation of cholesterol synthesis genes (Fdps， Cyp51) and up-regulated bile acid synthesis genes (Cyp7a1， Cyp27a1). In addition， bile acid reabsorption was retarded in punicalagin-fed mice through down-regulating ileal apical sodium-dependent BA transporter (ASBT). Furthermore， intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-fibroblast growth factor 15 (Fgf15) pathway was inhibited while hepatic FXR-small heterodimeric partner (SHP) pathway was activated in punicalagin group. Microbiota analysis and targeted metabolomics showed that punicalagin decreased the abundance of bile-salt hydrolase (BSH)-producing bacteria (Clostridiaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae) and the ratio of primary BAs to secondary BAs. In conclusion， the cholesterol-lowering effect of punicalagin partly through down-regulating cholesterol synthesis and increasing cholesterol catabolism， which could be achieved by regulating gut microbiota， altering bile acid composition and modulating FXR signaling pathway. These findings indicate the potential application of punicalagin-related products as an alternative strategy for hypercholesterolemia prevention and mitigation.

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Unraveling brain aging through the lens of oral microbiota

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 1930-1943页

作者： Qinchao Hu Si Wang Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-Hui Liu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of StomatologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Advanced Innovation center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical research center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Aging Translational Medicine center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aging Biomarker Consortium BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine BeijingChina

The oral cavity is a complex physiological community encompassing a wide range of *** of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even affect systemic health,including brain aging and neurodegenerative *** studies have highlighted how oral microbes might be involved in brain aging and neurodegeneration,indicating potential avenues for intervention *** this review,we summarize clinical evidence demonstrating a link between oral microbes/oral infectious diseases and brain aging/neurodegenerative diseases,and dissect potential mechanisms by which oral microbes contribute to brain aging and *** also highlight advances in therapeutic development grounded in the realm of oral microbes,with the goal of advancing brain health and promoting healthy aging.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease brain aging multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases oral microbiota Parkinson's disease periodontitis bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis

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Histological Assessment of Bone Regeneration in the Maxilla with Homologous Bone Graft:A Feasible Option for Maxillary Bone Reconstruction

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 131-148页

作者： Sergio Henrique Gonçalves Motta Ana Paula Ramos Soares Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes Graduate center of Faculdade Redentor CLIVORio de JaneiroBrazil Periodontics and Oral Medicine Department University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborMI48109USA Centre for Interdisciplinary research in Health(CIIS) Universidade Católica PortuguesaViseu3504-505Portugal

Bone biomaterials have been increasingly used to reconstruct maxillary atrophic ***,the aim of this study was to evaluate bone reconstruction in the maxilla using a homologous cortico-cancellous FFB(lyophilized)graft and verify its *** individuals were included from 2014 to *** first surgery was performed to install homologous bone blocks in the *** period of the second intervention varied between 5 months and 15 days to 11 months(≈7.93 months).The biopsies were taken from the central region of the matured graft during the surgery for implant *** patients presented clinical and radiographic conditions for the installation of dental *** was a 100%of survival *** histological assessment showed that the homologous block bone graft was an osteoconductive biomaterial,with connective tissue present,and newly formed bone juxtaposed on its *** were bone trabeculae with osteocytes and active osteoblasts with connective tissue in the mineralization process;the remodeling process can be found through the reverse lines.A limited focus of necrosis with fibrosis was detected,with small resorption and areas of inflammatory infiltrate,but without clinical *** homologous block bone graft can be considered a feasible option to substitute the autogenous bone graft(gold standard),with predictable clinical and favorable histological *** patients had a shorter surgical period,low morbidity,and an unlimited amount of biomaterial available at an accessible cost.

关键词： Regeneration bone graft histology homologous allogenous autogenous

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Fragility crossover mediated by covalent-like electronic interactions in metallic liquids

Materials Futures

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Materials Futures 2024年第2期3卷 117-130页

作者： Hui-Ru Zhang Liang Gao Yu-Hao Ye Jia-Xin Zhang Tao Zhang Qing-Zhou Bu Qun Yang Zeng-Wei Zhu Shuai Wei Hai-Bin Yu Wuhan National High Magnetic Field center and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Aarhus University8000 AarhusDenmark iMAT Centre for Integrated Materials research Aarhus University8000 AarhusDenmark

Fragility is one of the central concepts in glass and liquid sciences,as it characterizes the extent of deviation of viscosity from Arrhenius behavior and is linked to a range of glass ***,the intervention of crystallization often prevents the assessment of fragility in poor glass-formers,such as supercooled metallic *** experimental data on their compositional dependence are scarce,let alone fundamentally *** this work,we use fast scanning calorimetry to overcome this obstacle and systematically study the fragility in a ternary La–Ni–Al system,over previously inaccessible composition *** observe fragility dropped in a small range with the Al alloying,indicating an alloying-induced fragility *** use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,resistance measurements,electronic structure calculations,and DFT-based deep-learning atomic simulations to investigate the cause of this fragility *** results show that the fragility crossover can be fundamentally ascribed to the electronic covalency associated with the unique Al–Al *** findings provide insight into the origin of fragility in metallic liquids from an electronic structure perspective and pave a new way for the design of metallic glasses.

关键词： metallic glass fragility fast scanning calorimetry density functional theory deep learning potential

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Junshanyinzhen tea extract prevents obesity by regulating gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemia in high-fat diet fed rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2036-2047页

作者： Jian Ouyang Xiuping Li Changwei Liu Danmin Lu Jie Ouyang Fang Zhou Qi Liu Jianan Huang Zhonghua Liu Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China National research center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Co-Innovation center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

Obesity is associated with gut dysbiosis and metabolic *** tea extract(JSTE)reduced fat accumulation and body weight in obese ***,the effects and mechanism of JSTE in preventing obesity were ***,we used different doses of JSTE(75,150 and 300 mg/(kg·day))to evaluate the effect on high-fat diet(HFD)-induced rats under 8 weeks of ***,our results showed that JSTE could significantly reduce body weight gain,blood lipid levels and fat accumulation,improve fatty damage in liver tissue(Pintervention(P<0.05).while Bifidobacteriaceae,Bacteroidaceae,Akkermansia,and Clostridium,which are negatively related to obesity,were ***,these results suggested that JSTE might effectively prevent obesity by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis,intestinal barrier dysfunction,metabolic endotoxemia and chronic low-grade infl ammation in HFD-induced rats.

关键词： Junshanyinzhen tea Obesity Gut microbiota Gut barrier function Metabolic endotoxemia

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Exogenous ketogenic supplements can mitigate the susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease induced by chronic sleep deprivation:emerging role of Sirt1 in ferroptosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yueqi Yang Xueyan Wang Lu Chen Ning Zhang Shilei Ji Zhengping Wang Jun Han Yuming Wang Min Wen Pet Nutrition Rresearch and Development center Gambol Pet Group Co. Ltd. Institute of Biopharmaceutical research Liaocheng University College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China

Emerging evidence supports that sleep disorders are the main risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD)， and iron dysregulation may be the link between them. Our previous studies have confirmed that ketogenic diet (KD) can prevent chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD. However， it is uncertain whether exogenous ketones supplements (EKS)， as an alternative intervention， have the same effects as KD. Thus， we investigated the prophylactic efficiency of EKS on chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD and reveal the underlying mechanism focus on iron metabolism. We observed that the prophylactic efficacy of EKS against chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD was comparable to that of KD. Meanwhile， our results suggest that both EKS and KD inhibited iron metabolism disorder through regulation of iron metabolism-related proteins. Moreover， we found that both EKS and KD reduced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and iron-mediated lipid peroxides. Furthermore， EX527 (Sirt1 inhibitor)， mostly abrogated these above protections of EKS， suggesting that the prophylactic effect of EKS on AD is partly dependent on Sirt1. Our findings provide novel evidence that EKS can be developed as functional foods to prevent or delay the development of AD， particularly in individuals with sleep disorders.

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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AR113 alleviates microbiota dysbiosis of tongue coating and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2132-2140页

作者： Zhiqiang Xiong Gang Liu Ling Fang Xiuming Li Yongjun Xia Guangqiang Wang Xin Song Lianzhong Ai Shanghai Engineering research center of Food Microbiology School of Health Science and EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of Rehabilitation Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability ***,information on stroke-related tongue coating microbiome(TCM)is limited,and whether TCM modulation could benefit for stroke prevention and rehabilitation is ***,TCM from stroke patients(SP)was characterized using molecular *** occurrence of stroke resulted in TCM dysbiosis with significantly reduced species richness and *** abundance of Prevotella,Leptotrichia,Actinomyces,Alloprevotella,Haemophilus,and TM7_[G-1]were greatly reduced,but common infection Streptococcus and Pseudomonas were remarkably ***,an antioxidative probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AR113 was used for TCM intervention in stroke rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R).AR113 partly restored I/R induced change of TCM and gut microbiota with significantly improved neurological deficit,relieved histopathologic change,increased activities of antioxidant enzymes,and decreased contents of oxidative stress ***,the gene expression of antioxidant-related proteins and apoptosis-related factors heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1(NQO-1),and Bcl-2 was significantly increased,but cytochrome C,cleaved caspase-3,and Bax were markedly decreased in the brain by AR113 *** results suggested that AR113 could ameliorate cerebral I/R injury through antioxidation and anti-apoptosis pathways,and AR113 intervention of TCM may have the application potential for stroke prevention and control.

关键词： Stroke Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion Tongue coating Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AR113 Probiotic intervention

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Study on the Mechanism of Glutamine Promoting the Synthesis of Colonic Mucin and Maintaining the Stability of Intestinal Microbiota in Septic Mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yanyan Pan Gang Yang Dan Wu Yan Wei Shijun Fan Lin Xia Qian Chen Qianying Huang Yongling Lu Xi Peng Clinical Medical research center Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Burn Department Ningbo No.2 Hospital nstitute of Burn research State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)

Colonic mucus and gut microbiota closely linked through mutual regulatory effect. While their alterations during sepsis and whether glutamine can maintain the colonic mucus barrier and gut microbiota stability are unclear. Cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in mice was utilized to observe changes in colonic mucus， gut microbiota， and their interaction with glutamine intervention. Our findings indicated that glutamine mitigated sepsis-induced intestinal damage and restores colonic mucus barrier function by augmenting mucin synthesis. Further analysis revealed that goblet cells were under oxidative stress after sepsis， resulting in anterior gradient-2 (AGR2)， the key mucin-modifying enzyme， being dissynthesized， and inhibiting mucin2 (MUC2) maturation. glutamine could ameliorates this situation by promoting the key enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) glycosylation in the pentose phosphate pathway， increasing the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) synthesis， reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress， and accelerating AGR2 synthesis and MUC2 maturation. Additionally， glutamine aided in maintaining gut microbiota stability during sepsis， up-regulating mucin-associated bacteria such as Akkermansia and Alistipes. These bacteria， intimately linked to mucin synthesis and degradation， may impact intestinal mucus stability. In conclusion， glutamine can maintain goblet cell redox balance， promotes AGR2 synthesis and MUC2 maturation， shields the mucus barrier， and potentially maintains gut microbiota stability by regulating the interaction between bacteria and mucus， thus alleviating sepsis-induced intestinal damage.

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Advances and perspectives in environmental health research in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 105-113页

作者： Tong Zhu Yingjun Liu Shunqing Xu Guanghui Dong Cunrui Huang Nan Sang Yunhui Zhang Guanyong Su Jingwen Chen Jicheng Gong Guohua Qin Xinghua Qiu Jing Shang Haobo Wang Pengpeng Wang Mei Zheng SKL-ESPC&SEPKL-AERM Department of Environmental HealthCollege of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China center for Environment and Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Life and Health Sciences Huainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Joint International research Laboratory of Environment and Health(Ministry of Education) Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk AssessmentDepartment of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China research center of Environment and Health College of Environment and ResourceShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Department of Environmental Health School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Occupational and Environmental Health College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Environmental health research aims to identify environmental conditions suitable for the healthy living and reproduction of human *** the interdisciplinary research bridging environmental sciences and health/medical sciences,the impacts of physical,chemical,and biological environmental factors on human health are *** includes identifying environmental factors detrimental to human health,evaluating human exposure characteristics to environmental factors,clarifying causal relationships between environmental exposure and health effects,analyzing the underlying biochemical mechanisms,linking environmental factors to the onset and progression of diseases,establishing exposure-response relationships,and determining effect ***,the results of environmental health research can serve as a scientific basis for formulating environmental management strategies and guiding prevention and intervention measures at both the public and individual *** paper summarizes the recent advances and future perspectives of environmental health research in China,as reported by a group of Chinese scientists who recently attended a workshop in Hainan,*** it is not intended to provide a comprehensive review of this expansive field,it offers a glimpse into the significant progress made in understanding the health impacts of environmental factors over the past *** ahead,it is imperative not only to sustain efforts in studying the health effects of traditional environmental pollution,but also to prioritize research on the health impacts of emerging pollutants and climate change.

关键词： Environmental pollution Emerging pollutants Climate change Exposure Mechanism

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Insights into the Impact of Bifidobacterium bifidum， B. breve， and B. longum on the Immune Response Against Salmonella Infection in Neonatal Rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Chunxiu Lin Yugui Lin Min Guo Rui Xiao Shunhe Wang Yonghua Zhou Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Wei Chen Gang Wang State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Microbiology Laboratory Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital Southern Medical University Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases National Engineering research center for Functional Food Jiangnan University (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi Translational Medicine research center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine research Institute Wuxi Branch

Infants exhibit diminished susceptibility to external infections， a phenomenon closely linked to the pervasive presence of the bifidobacterial community within their intestinal tract. Nonetheless， a significant knowledge gap remains concerning the distinct species of bifidobacteria initiating anti-infection immune responses during the early developmental stages. In this study， the impact of early intervention with Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum)， B. breve， and B. longum on neonatal rats infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) SL1344 were compared. The study encompasses various immunity levels， including gut immunity， central immunity (thymus)， peripheral immunity (spleen)， and brain immunity. Following Salmonella infection， significant alterations in neonatal rats were observed in growth and developmental levels， immune markers， cytokine levels， balance of T lymphocyte subpopulations， intestinal barrier function， and blood-brain barrier integrity. Compared with B. breve and B. longum， B. bifidum demonstrated more pronounced efficacy in regulating these physiological processes. By conducting multi-level analyses of gut microbiota， bifidobacterial community， colonic content metabolomics， and serum metabolomics， the significance of B. bifidum's role is underscored， and the immune-enhancing function of messenger metabolites is unveiled. Among these metabolites， γ-L-Glutamyl-L-glutamic acid and Orotic acid were found to be shared by all three species， while Hippuric acid and 1a，1b-dihomo Prostaglandin F2α were unique to B. bifidum， and DL-Arginine was specific to B. longum. Overall， this study has provided novel insights into the intervention and immunomodulation by Bifidobacterium in early-life infections， emphasizing the significant role of B. bifidum.

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