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Leveraging the metacoupling framework for sustainability science and global sustainable development

National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 36-59页

作者： Jianguo Liu Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University

sustainability science seeks to understand human-nature interactions behind sustainability challenges,but has largely been place-based.Traditional sustainability efforts often solved problems in one place at the cost of other places,compromising global sustainability.The metacoupling framework offers a conceptual foundation and a holistic approach to integrating human-nature interactions within a place,as well as between adjacent places and between distant places worldwide.Its applications show broad utilities for advancing sustainability science with profound implications for global sustainable development.They have revealed effects of metacoupling on the performance,synergies,and trade-offs of United Nations Sustainable D evelopment Goals(SDGs) across borders and across local to global scales;untangled complex interactions;identified new network attributes;unveiled spatio-temporal dynamics and effects of metacoupling;uncovered invisible feedbacks across metacoupled systems;expanded the nexus approach;detected and integrated hidden phenomena and overlooked issues;re-examined theories such as Tobler’ s First Law of Geography;and unfolded transformations among noncoupling,coupling,decoupling,and recoupling.Results from the applications are also helpful to achieve SDGs across space,amplify benefits of ecosystem restoration across boundaries and across scales,augment transboundary management,broaden spatial planning,boost supply chains,empower small agents in the large world,and shift from place-based to flow-based governance.Key topics for future research include cascading effects of an event in one place on other places both nearby and far away.Operationalizing the framework can benefit from further tracing flows across scales and space,uplifting the rigor of causal attribution,enlarging toolboxes,and elevating financial and human resources.Unleashing the full potential of the framework will generate more important scientific discoveries and more effective solutions for global justice and sustainable development.

关键词： biodiversity ecosystem services human–nature interactions planetary boundaries telecoupling sustainable development

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Broader applicability of the metacoupling framework than Tobler’s first law of geography for global sustainability:A systematic review

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Geography and sustainability 2023年第1期4卷 6-18页

作者： Nicholas Manning Yingjie Li Jianguo Liu Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

Complex sustainability issues in the Anthropocene,with rapid globalization and global environmental changes,are increasingly interlinked between not only nearby systems but also distant systems.Tobler’s first law of geog-raphy(TFL)states“near things are more related than distant things”.Evidence suggests that TFL is not infallible for sustainability issues.Recently,the integrated framework of metacoupling(MCF;human-nature interactions within as well as between adjacent and distant systems)has been applied to analyze the interactions between nearby and distant coupled human and natural systems simultaneously.However,previous work has been scat-tered and fragmented.It is crucial to understand the extent to which TFL and MCF apply across pressing issues in sustainability.Therefore,we reviewed and synthesized sustainability literature that used TFL and MCF across seven major topics:land change,species migration,tourism,trade,agricultural development,conservation,and governance.Results indicate MCF had a much broader applicability than TFL for these topics.The literature using MCF generally did not or likely did not obey TFL,especially in trade,governance,and agricultural de-velopment.In the TFL literature,most topics obeyed TFL,except for species migration and trade.The findings suggest the need to rethink and further test TFL’s relevance to sustainability issues,and highlight the potential of MCF to address complex interactions between both adjacent and distant systems across the world for global sustainability.

关键词： Telecoupling sustainability Tobler’s First Law of geography Systematic review Metacoupling

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Telemetry research on elusive wildlife: A synthesis of studies on giant pandas

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第4期11卷 295-307页

作者： Thomas CONNOR Vanessa HULL Jianguo LIU Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Michigan State UniversityEast LansingUSA

Telemetry studies that track animals through space and time can lead to advances in scientific understanding that are vital in conservation efforts.For example,telemetry studies of the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)have shed light on many aspects of panda biology,but small sample sizes in each separate study make it difficult to draw broad conclusions.To overcome this problem we conducted the first synthesis of all 5 panda telemetry studies conducted to date.Using these data we investigated patterns in 6 main topics:home range,space-use interactions,core areas,movement patterns,seasonal migration and natal dispersal.We found that panda home range sizes do not vary between 2 main mountain ranges(Qionglai and Qinling),as was previously believed.Our results also suggest that female pandas increase their movement in the mating season:a behavior typically attributed only to males.We found and summarized telemetry and genetic evidence for female natal dispersal in the giant panda.Our synthesis highlights the need for additional research relating panda behavior to human disturbance factors,and can aid future studies on giant pandas as well as other species.

关键词： giant panda home range natal dispersal synthesis wildlife telemetry

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外溢效应抵消亚马逊的环境保护成果

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018年第11期28卷 1715-1732页

作者：窦玥 Ramon Felipe Bicudo da SILVA 杨洪波刘建国 Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Michigan State University center for Environmental Studies and Research State University of Campinas

Diverse conservation efforts have been expanding around the globe, even under the stress of increasing agricultural production. A striking example is the supply-chain agreements put upon the Amazon forest which had reduced deforestation by 80% from the early 2000s （27,772 km2） to 2015 （6207 km2）. However, evaluation of these conservation efforts usually focused on the impacts within the Amazon biome only, while the effects that spill over to other areas （e.g., displacement of environmental pressure from one area to another） were rarely considered. Ignoring spillover effects may lead to biased or even wrong conclusions about the effectiveness of these conservation efforts because the hidden cost outside the target area of conservation may offset the achievement within it. It is thus impor- tant to assess the spillover effects of these supply-chain agreements. In this study, we used the two supply-chain agreements （i.e., Soy Moratorium and zero-deforestation beef agree- ment） implemented in the Amazon biome as examples and evaluated their spillover effects to the Cerrado. To achieve a holistic evaluation of the spillover effects, we adopted the telecou- piing framework in our analysis. The application of the telecoupling framework includes the interactions between distant systems and extends the analytical boundaries beyond the sig- natory areas, which fill the gap of previous studies. Our results indicate that the supply-chain agreements have significantly reduced deforestation by half compared to projections within the sending system （i.e., Para State in the Amazon, which exports soybeans and other agricultural products）, but at the cost of increasing deforestation in the spillover system （i.e., a 6.6 time increase in Tocantins State of the Cerrado, where deforestation was affected by interactions between the Amazon and other places）. Our study emphasizes that spillover effects should be considered in the evaluation and planning of conservation efforts, for which the telecoupling framework works as a useful tool

关键词： telecoupling Amazon Cerrado Brazil soybean trade spillover voluntary agreement deforestation,conservation, development

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Telecoupled land-use changes in distant countries

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 368-376页

作者： Jing Sun TONG Yu-xin Jianguo Liu Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Michigan State University Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resources Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

International food trade has become a key driving force of agricultural land-use changes in trading countries, which has influenced food production and the global environment. Researchers have studied agricultural land-use changes and related environmental issues across multi-trading countries together, but most studies rely on statistic data without spatial attributes. However, agricultural land-use changes are spatially heterogeneous. Uncovering spatial attributes can reveal more critical information that is of scientific significance and has policy implications for enhancing food security and protecting the environment. Based on an integrated framework of telecoupling （socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances）, we studied spatial attributes of soybean land changes within and among trading countries at the same time. Three distant countries -- Brazil, China, and the United States -- constitute an excellent example of telecoupled systems through the process of soybean trade. Our results presented the spatial distribution of soybean land changes-- highlighting the hotspots of soybean gain and soybean loss, and indicated these changes were spatially clustered, different across multi-spatial scales, and varied among the trading countries. Assisted by the results, global challenges like food security and biodiversity loss within and among trading countries can be targeted and managed efficiently. Our work provides simul- taneously spatial information for understanding agricultural land-use changes caused by international food trade globally, highlights the needs of coordination among trading countries, and promotes global sustainability.

关键词： agricultural land-use changes soybeans spatial attributes telecoupling moving window analysis

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全球化下的中国环境——中国与世界各地如何相互影响

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科学观察 2009年第6期4卷 52-53页

作者：刘建国 Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability 115 Manly Miles BLDG Michigan State University

随着近30年来中国经济的迅速增长，中国已成为世界经济强国。然而中国在环境问题上所面临的挑战也达到了前所未有的程度，环境问题已对社会经济和人口健康造成严重影响。随着全球化规模的不断扩大，中国与世界其他国家的联系日益紧密。

关键词：中国经济环境问题全球化世界经济强国人口健康社会经济

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Conservation planning beyond giant pandas: the need for an innovative telecoupling framework

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第5期60卷 551-554页

作者： Fang Wang Jianguo Liu center for System integration and sustainability Michigan State University center for Nature and Society Peking University

Meeting human needs while sustaining ecosystems and the benefits they provide is a global challenge.A major barrier to achieve sustainable development goals is the lack of sufficient knowledge on the complex relationships between humans and nature(Loucks et al.,2001;Liu et al.,2007).Different parts of the world have never been as closely connected through all means of flows(e.***.information,labor,

关键词：保护规划大熊猫可持续发展目标框架创新人类需求生态系统人与自然

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Evaluating Conservation Effectiveness of Nature Reserves Established for Surrogate Species:Case of a Giant Panda Nature Reserve in Qinling Mountains,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第1期24卷 60-70页

作者： XU Weihua Andrés VIA QI Zengxiang OUYANG Zhiyun LIU Jianguo LIU Wei WAN Hui State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State University College of Design and Art University of South China World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Xi'an Programme Office

Many nature reserves are established to protect the habitat needs of particular endangered species of interest but their effectiveness for protecting other species is questionable.In this study,this effectiveness was evaluated in a nature reserve network located in the Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Province,China.The network of reserves was established mainly for the conservation of the giant panda,a species considered as a surrogate for the conservation of many other endangered species in the region.The habitat suitability of nine protected species,including the giant panda,was modeled by using Maximum Entropy(MAXENT)and their spatial congruence was analyzed.Habitat suitability of these species was also overlapped with nature reserve boundaries and their management zones(i.e.,core,buffer and experimental zones).Results show that in general the habitat of the giant panda constitutes a reasonable surrogate of the habitat of other protected species,and giant panda reserves protect a relatively high proportion of the habitat of other protected species.Therefore,giant panda habitat conservation also allows the conservation of the habitat of other protected species in the region.However,a large area of suitable habitat was excluded from the nature reserve network.In addition,four species exhibited a low proportion of highly suitable habitat inside the core zones of nature reserves.It suggests that a high proportion of suitable habitat of protected species not targeted for conservation is located in the experimental and buffer zones,thus,is being affected by human activities.To increase their conservation effectiveness,nature reserves and their management zones need to be re-examined in order to include suitable habitat of more endangered species.The procedures described in this study can be easily implemented for the conservation of many endangered species not only in China but in many other parts of the world.

关键词：大熊猫自然保护区濒危物种秦岭北麓中国大熊猫栖息地自然保护区网络保护物种育成

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Three main dimensions reflected by national SDG performance

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The Innovation 2023年第6期4卷 83-91页

作者： Xutong Wu Bojie Fu Shuai Wang Yanxu Liu Ying Yao Yingjie Li Zhenci Xu Jianguo Liu State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBejing Normal UniversityBeiling 100875China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100085China Natural Capital Project Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Geography The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA

Unraveling the complexity of the 17 inter acting sustainable development goals(SDGs)is crucial for their achievement.Empirically revealing the dimensions of the SDGs helps generalize the dominant features of SDGs and better understand their drivers.Here,using a database of 166 countries'progress toward achieving each individual SDG,we found that about 70%of the variability of national SDG performance can be captured by three dimensions:socioeconomic development at the expense of resource and climate,the environment,and development at the expense of equality.Moreover,these dimensions are mainly affected by the economy,as gross domestic product(GDP)per capita increases,the first dimension increases monotonically,the environment dimension decreases and then increases,and the inequality dimension increases and then decreases.Our findings indicate a dim prospect of eventually achieving all SDGs because of the conflicts between economic growth and resource and cdimate goals under the current development paradigm,highlighting the importance of sustainable transformation.

关键词： dimensions dimension performance

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全面实现全球可持续发展目标的黯淡前景和针对性行动

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Science Bulletin 2023年第22期68卷 2838-2848,M0006页

作者：武旭同傅伯杰王帅宋爽 David Lusseau 刘焱序许振赐刘建国 State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China National Institute of Aquatic Resources Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark Department of Geography the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing MI 48823USA

实施《2030年可持续发展议程》的时间框架已经过半,不同国家实现可持续发展目标(SDGs)的进展呈现明显差异.国家分类为提高政策效率和促进联合行动奠定了基础.本研究发展了基于SDGs表现的国家分类,进而分析不同类型国家SDGs间相互作用,... 详细信息

实施《2030年可持续发展议程》的时间框架已经过半,不同国家实现可持续发展目标(SDGs)的进展呈现明显差异.国家分类为提高政策效率和促进联合行动奠定了基础.本研究发展了基于SDGs表现的国家分类,进而分析不同类型国家SDGs间相互作用,比较不同类型国家获得的发展援助与实际需求的匹配情况.根据166个国家17项SDGs的表现可以将其划分为从“可持续发展水平最低但环境良好”到“可持续发展水平高但需要气候行动”的五种类型.这些国家类型中没有一种在所有SDG吐均表现出色,也没有一种能够在当前SDGs相互作用下最终实现所有目标.全球可持续发展的前景不容乐观,凸显了所有国家进行可持续转型的重要性和紧迫性,而优先考虑某些SDGs(如SDG 9,产业、创新和基础设施)是在可持续发展水平较低的国家事半功倍的途径.此外,全球发展援助需要与不同国家需求更加匹配,特别是在教育、能源、环境和供水与卫生等领域.研究明确了不同类型国家实现SDGs的关键机遇与挑战,有助于统筹国家层面相关可持续发展政策、促进更有针对性的国际协作,为推进全球SDGs的全面实现提供科学依据.

关键词： Sustainable Development Goals(SDG) SDG bundle Classification SDG interaction Development aid

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