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Comparison of a Spectral Bin and Two Multi-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes for Supercell Simulation:Investigation into Key Processes Responsible for Hydrometeor Distributions and Precipitation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 784-800页

作者： Marcus JOHNSON Ming XUE Youngsun JUNG center for analysis and Prediction of Storms University of OklahomaNormanOK 73072USA School of Meteorology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73072USA Office of Science and Technology Integration National Weather ServiceSilver SpringMD 20910USA

There are more uncertainties with ice hydrometeor representations and related processes than liquid hydrometeors within microphysics parameterization(MP)schemes because of their complicated geometries and physical *** supercell simulations are produced using the WRF model coupled with“full”Hebrew University spectral bin MP(HU-SBM),and NSSL and Thompson bulk MP(BMP)***-SBM downdrafts are typically weaker than those of the NSSL and Thompson simulations,accompanied by less rain ***-SBM produces more cloud ice(plates),graupel,and hail than the BMPs,yet precipitates less at the *** limiting mass bins(and subsequently,particle size)of rimed ice in HU-SBM and slower rimed ice fall speeds lead to smaller melting-level net rimed ice fluxes than those of the *** from plates in HU-SBM,together with snow–graupel collisions,leads to a greater snow contribution to rain than those of the *** HU-SBM’s fall speeds using the formulations of the BMPs after aggregating the discrete bin values to mass mixing ratios and total number concentrations increases net rain and rimed ice ***,they are smaller in magnitude than bulk rain,NSSL hail,and Thompson graupel net fluxes near the ***,the melting-layer net rimed ice fluxes are reduced when the fall speeds for the NSSL and Thompson simulations are calculated using HU-SBM fall speed formulations after discretizing the bulk particle size distributions(PSDs)into spectral *** results highlight precipitation sensitivity to storm dynamics,fall speed,hydrometeor evolution governed by process rates,and MP PSD design.

关键词： precipitation spectral bin microphysics bulk microphysics parameterization microphysics processes WRF model supercell storm

持续释放蒙脱土插层杂化复合材料中的成骨微量元素促进骨再生

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Science China Materials 2024年第7期67卷 2067-2079页

作者：童磊刘泉滢熊丽王培磊赵明达李星梁洁樊渝江张兴栋孙勇 National Engineering Research center for Biomaterials College of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Sichuan testing center for Biomaterials and Medical Devices Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

优化支架组分和结构以实现内源性成骨是骨组织工程中一项有前景的进展.本研究将蒙脱土作为一种增强相,以插层结构引入到多巴胺介导的仿生有机/无机杂化水凝胶中.通过蒙脱土-聚合物相互作用和多酚介导的多重反应改善了骨再生支架(HDC-HAp... 详细信息

优化支架组分和结构以实现内源性成骨是骨组织工程中一项有前景的进展.本研究将蒙脱土作为一种增强相,以插层结构引入到多巴胺介导的仿生有机/无机杂化水凝胶中.通过蒙脱土-聚合物相互作用和多酚介导的多重反应改善了骨再生支架(HDC-HAp-MMT)的理化特性,增强了力学性能和抗降解能力.特别是,持续性释放的有益微量元素为成骨微环境提供了关键的成骨生化信号.该水凝胶在体外促进了骨髓间充质干细胞增殖和成骨分化.同时,在异位成骨模型中,显著增强了矿物沉积(30天后机械增强6.91倍);在原位兔颅骨修复实验中,实现了相对于天然骨80.94%的骨体积分数和85.89%的骨密度.该策略可能代表了一种新型的生物活性骨再生支架的制备方法.

关键词： montmorillonite osteogenic elements hybrid com-posites bone regeneration

Polyzwitterionic cross-linked double network hydrogel electrolyte enabling high-stable Zn anode

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5278-5287页

作者： Mengyu Shi Junlong Zhang Guochuan Tang Ben Wang Sen Wang Xiaoxian Ren Guojie Li Weihua Chen Chuntai Liu Changyu Shen State Key Laboratory of Structural analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis center Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

Zn metal anode suffers from dendrite issues and passive byproducts,which severely plagues the practical application of aqueous Zn metal ***,a polyzwitterionic cross-linked double network hydrogel electrolyte composed of physical crosslinking(hyaluronic acid)and chemical crosslinking(synthetic zwitterionic monomer copolymerized with acrylamide)is introduced to overcome these *** the one hand,highly hydrophilic physical network provides an energy dissipation channel to buffer stress and builds a H_(2)O-poor interface to avoid side *** the other hand,the charged groups(sulfonic and imidazolyl)in chemical crosslinking structure build anion/cation transport channels to boost ions’kinetics migration and regulate the typical solvent structure[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)to R-SO_(3)^(−)[Zn(H_(2)O)_(4)]^(2+),with uniform electric field distribution and significant resistance to dendrites and parasitic *** on the above functions,the symmetric zinc cell exhibits superior cycle stability for more than 420 h at a high current density of 5 mA·cm^(−2),and Zn||MnO_(2)full cell has a reversible specific capacity of 150 mAh·g^(−1)after 1000 cycles at 2 C with this hydrogel ***,the pouch cell delivers impressive flexibility and cyclability for energy-storage applications.

关键词： Zn anode dendrites parasitic reactions polyzwitterion double network hydrogel electrolyte

Nanocrystalline WSe_(2)excels at high-performance anode for Na storage via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 248-258页

作者： Hai-Yan Zou Lei Fang Gang Yu Dong Wang State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and DevicesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Changxing County Quality and Technology Supervision and testing center Huzhou 313100China

For the next large-scale energy storage systems,sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)with excellent electrochemical performance are ***,the exploration of anode materials with high specific capacity,fascinating cycling stability and rate capability is still *** transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),tungsten diselenide(WSe_(2))has been regarded as an effective anode material for SIBs and has been extensively studied,due to high theoretical capacity and unique twodimensional layered ***,nanocrystalline WSe_(2)is prepared by a facile one-pot hydrothermal *** with the micro-scale WSe_(2),benefiting from the high specific surface area of highly ordered nano-flake structures and short ion/electron transport paths,nanocrystalline WSe_(2)shows excellent electrochemical performance in Na *** 1000 cycles at a current density of 2 A·g^(-1),a high specific capacity of 264.4 mA·h·g^(-1)is still *** full cell matched with the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) cathode can deliver an excellent reversible specific capacity of 196.5 mA·h·g^(-1)after 100 cycles at 0.5 A·g^(-1).

关键词： Tungsten diselenide Transition metal dichalcogenides Hydrothermal Sodium-ion batteries Layered structure

The AaBBX21–AaHY5 module mediates light-regulated artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1735-1751页

作者： Weizhi He Hang Liu Zhangkuanyu Wu Qing Miao Xinyi Hu Xin Yan Hangyu Wen Yaojie Zhang Xueqing Fu Li Ren Kexuan Tang Ling Li Frontiers Science center for Transformative Molecules Joint International ResearchLaboratory of Metabolic and Developmental SciencesKey Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(South)Ministry of AgriculturePlant Biotechnology Research CenterFudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D CenterSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Agri-Food Standards and testing Technology Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201403China

The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti-malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood(Artemisia annua L.).Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin production,but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains *** this study,we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5(HY5),a central transcription factor in the light signaling pathway,cannot promote artemisinin biosynthesis on its own,as the binding of AaHY5 to the promoters of artemisinin biosynthetic genes failed to activate their *** analysis and yeast two-hybrid screening revealed the B-box transcription factor AaBBX21 as a potential interactor with ***21 showed a trichome-specific expression ***,the AaBBX21–AaHY5 complex cooperatively activated transcription from the promoters of the downstream genes AaGSW1,AaMYB108,and AaORA,encoding positive regulators of artemisinin ***,AaHY5 and AaBBX21 physically interacted with the *** E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1(COP1).In the dark,AaCOP1 decreased the accumulation of AaHY5 and AaBBX21 and repressed the activation of genes downstream of the AaHY5–AaBBX21 complex,explaining the enhanced production of artemisinin upon light *** study provides insights into the central regulatory mechanism by which light governs terpenoid biosynthesis in the plant kingdom.

关键词： AaBBX21 AaHY5 AaCOP1 Artemisia annua L. artemisinin biosynthesis light

Space-time estimates of the 3D bipolar compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson system with unequal viscosities

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第5期67卷 1059-1084页

作者： Zhigang Wu Weike Wang Department of Mathematics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Frontier Science center of Modern analysis(CMA-Shanghai) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The space-time behavior for the Cauchy problem of the 3D compressible bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson(BNSP)system with unequal viscosities is *** space-time estimate of the electric field▽φ=▽(-△)^(-1)(n-Zρ)is the most important in deducing generalized Huygens’principle for the BNSP system and it requires proving that the space-time estimate of n-Zρonly contains the diffusion wave due to the singularity of the operator▽(-△)^(-1).A suitable linear combination of unknowns reformulating the original system into two small subsystems for the special case(with equal viscosities)in Wu and Wang(2017)is crucial for both linear analysis and nonlinear estimates,especially for the space-time estimate of▽φ.However,the benefits from this reformulation will no longer exist in general ***,we study an 8×8 Green’s matrix *** importantly,each entry in Green’s matrix contains wave operators in the low-frequency part,which will generally produce Huygens’wave;as a result,one cannot achieve the space-time estimate of n-Zρthat only contains the diffusion wave as *** overcome this difficulty by taking a more detailed spectral analysis and developing new estimates arising from subtle cancellations in Green’s function.

关键词： Green's function bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system unequal viscosities

The spectrum and stability of travelling pulses in a coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo equation

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第5期67卷 975-1010页

作者： Qi Qiao Xiang Zhang School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing(Ministry of Education) and Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Modern Analysis(CMA-Shanghai)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

For a coupled slow-fast FitzHugh-Nagumo(FHN)equation derived from a reaction-diffusionmechanics(RDM)model,Holzer et al.(2013)studied the existence and stability of the travelling pulse,which consists of two fast orbit arcs and two slow ones,where one fast segment passes the unique fold point with algebraic decreasing and two slow ones follow normally hyperbolic critical curve *** and Zhang(2021)obtained the existence of the travelling pulse,whose two fast orbit arcs both exponentially decrease,and one of the slow orbit arcs could be normally hyperbolic or not at the ***,we characterize both the nonlinear and spectral stability of this travelling pulse.

关键词： coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo equation singular perturbation travelling pulse spectrum nonlinear stability spectral stability

Effect of Ca Micro-Alloying on the Microstructure and Anti-Corrosion Property of Mg0.5Zn0.2Ge Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1147-1160页

作者： Bishan Cheng Depeng Li Baikang Xing Ruiqing Hou Pingli Jiang Shijie Zhu Shaokang Guan School of Materials Science and Engineering and Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloys Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China center of Advanced analysis and Gene Sequencing Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology Ministry of EducationZhengzhou450002China

Magnesium and its alloys have attracting rising attention as one of biodegradable metallic ***,the rapid corrosion and severe localized corrosion still hinder their extensive applications in *** this study,micro-alloying of Ca(≤0.1 wt%)into Mg0.5Zn0.2Ge alloy developed in our previous work was explored to further enhance the corrosion resistance and alleviate the localized corrosion of the *** results reveal that the addition of Ca leads to the transformation of the cathodic Mg_(2)Ge phase in Mg0.5Zn0.2Ca alloy into anodic MgCaGe phase in Ca-containing alloys,thereby changing the galvanic couples in alloys during *** preferential dissolution of MgCaGe phase promotes the participation of Ca and Ge into the formation of corrosion products,resulting in the enrichment of Ca and Ge in the outmost of corrosion product layer,which stabilizes and passivates the corrosion product layer on Mg alloy ***,the enrichment of Zn at the corrosion interface seems to further hinder the corrosion of Mg *** of these factors confer a slower and more uniform corrosion on Mg0.5Zn0.2GexCa(x<0.1 wt%)alloy,which provides favorable candidates for the further processing to gain suitable biodegradable Mg alloys.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Micro-alloying Calcium Corrosion resistance

Fine-tuning redox ability of arylene-bridged bis(benzimidazolium)for electrochromism and visible-light photocatalysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 140-144页

作者： Jing Wang Zenghui Li Xiaoyang Liu Bochao Su Honghong Gong Chao Feng Guoping Li Gang He Bin Rao School of Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and DevicesMinistry of EducationXi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Instrumental analysis center Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

In this study,a series of arylene-bridged bis(benzimidazolium)triflates 1^(–)6^(^(2+))·2[OTf^(–)]were synthesized by grafting differentπ-linkers with benzimidazolium *** them,compound 1^(2+)·2[OTf^(–)]with anthracene as the linker exhibited remarkable electron transfer capabilities across four distinct redox *** inclusion of an anthracene unit as theπ-linker contributes to its exceptional redox and optoelectronic ***,1^(2+)·2[OTf^(–)]was successfully utilized as both an electrochromic molecule in an ECD under applied voltage for the first time,and a highly efficient photocatalyst for the formation of carbon–phosphorus bonds via visible-light-induced cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions.

关键词： N-Heterocyclic carbenes(NHCs) Ionic radicals Electrochromism Photocatalysis