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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第4期1卷 434-442页

作者： DONG Hongwei School of public policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In the environmental protection field of China,due to“lower law-breaking cost but higher law-abiding cost”,it is a common case that the enterprise chooses to break through the law on *** punishment to the unlawful practices by the law directly decides the law-breaking cost of the enterprise,furthermore,influences the willingness to abide by the law and the trend to break through the *** law-breaking cost of enterprises is jointly decided by the administrative liability,civil liability and criminal ***,in China,the enterprises breaking through the law are mainly penalized for the administrative liabilities,focusing less on the civil compensation liability on the environmental damage and criminal liabilities on the environmental ***,a complete environmental liability system is composed by administrative punishment,civil compensation and criminal sanction,none of which is ***-fore,the three layers defense could be established on punish ing and deterring the environmental *** all three aspects,administrative liability,civil liability and criminal liability,this paper analyzes the systemic disadvan-tages of the current environmental administrative punishme nt,civil compensation and criminal sanction in China,and inves-tigates the legitimate reasons for the higher law-abiding cost compared with the law-breaking cost,and it is finalized with the measures and suggestions to solve this problem.

关键词： environmental law-breaking law-breaking cost administrative penalty civil compensation criminal sanction

Multiple Forces Driving China's Economic Development:A New Analytic Framework

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China & World Economy 2007年第3期15卷 103-120页

作者： Yahua Wang Angang Hu Assistant Professor at the public policy and Management School Tsinghua University Professor and Director of the center for China Studies Tsingha University

Based on economic growth theory and the World Bank＇s analytical framework relating to the quality of growth, the present paper constructs a framework that encompasses physical, international, human, natural and knowledge capital to synthetically interpret economic development. After defining the five types of capital and total capital, we analyze the dynamic changes of these types of capital in China and in other countries. The results show that since China＇ s reform and opening up, knowledge, international, human and physical capital have grown rapidly, with speeds of growth higher than that of economic growth. As the five types of capital have all increased at varying paces, the savings level of total capital in China has quadrupled in 25 years and overtook that of the USA in the 1990s. The changes in the five types of capital and total capital reveal that there are progressively multiple driving forces behind China＇ s rapid economic development. Implications for China＇s long-term economic development are thereby raised.

关键词： China's economic development five types of capital quality of growth total capital

Diagnosis and recommendations for transjurisdictional water pollution management in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第4期1卷 401-417页

作者： WANG Yahua School of public policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Large-scale water environmental deterioration is one of the most prominent environmental issues in current *** water pollution is an important reason for water environmental deterioration of river basins,and currently there are some major defects that exist in China’s management system related to transjurisdictional water *** seven major river basins in China as an object of study,this paper is designed to perform a diagnosis of major problems about the transjurisdictional water pollu-tion management in China from three aspects,***,mechanism,and *** the basis of this,it gives an overall train of thoughts on the reform of transjurisdictional water pollution management in China,and proposes specific recommendations from the aforesaid three aspects.

关键词： river basin transjurisdictional pollution water pollution management transboundary cooperation institu-tional reform,China

Mobile Home Residents and Hurricane Vulnerability in South Florida:Research Gaps and Challenges

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第4期7卷 436-439页

作者： Shivangi Prasad Justin Stoler Department of Geography and Regional Studies University of Miami Department of public Health Sciences Miller School of MedicineUniversity of Miami Abess center for Ecosystem Science and policy University of Miami

In South Florida there are several social and logistical challenges to surveying and advocating for mobile home residents regarding vulnerability to natural hazards such as sea level rise and *** residents have consequently been understudied despite historically exhibiting higher vulnerability and lower *** exploratory study uses a social-ecological framework to highlight individual-,community-,and institutional-level challenges and research gaps encountered when working with mobile home *** observations represent a longer-term opportunity to further refine our understanding of natural hazard vulnerability,build increased resilience among vulnerable populations,and improve health equity in South Florida and beyond.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Mobile homes Social-ecological model Vulnerability

Paradigm shift and prospects of China's earthquake emergency management policies:Analysis of historical institutionalism

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Emergency Management Science and Technology 2022年第1期2卷 120-132页

作者： Xiangjie Cui School of Political Science and public Administration Shandong UniversityQingdao 266200China center for Quality-of-Life and public policy Studies Shandong UniversityQingdao 266200China

China's earthquake emergency management policies have experienced a total of four types of paradigms:the paradigm focusing on disaster relief from 1949−1966,the paradigm focusing on earthquake prevention from 1966−1989,the paradigm focusing on earthquake mitigation from 1989−2016,and the paradigm integrating disaster prevention,mitigation,and relief from 2016 to *** dependence can be found in China’s earthquake emergency management policies,which have accumulated to implement comprehensive disaster mitigation based on a pure focus on disaster *** addition,earthquake emergency management policies also have a change logic in which subjects are increasingly diversified,policy tools are continuously developed and influenced by the economic system,and policy paradigm changes are influenced by the international environment,national strategies,and *** the future,earthquake emergency management policies should start from organizational change,digital change and rule of law construction to promote the modernization of China's earthquake emergency governance system and capacity.

关键词： earthquake disaster prevention

Exploring the development of municipal solid waste disposal facilities in Chinese cities:patterns and drivers

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 239-250页

作者： Xiao Li Yanan Ren Xuezhao Chen Yang Li Marian R.Chertow School of public policy and Administration and Research center for Resource and Environmental policy and Management Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Growth Lab Harvard Kennedy SchoolHarvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA center for Industrial Ecology School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA

Rapid urbanization in Chinese cities has led to a surge in municipal solid waste(MSW)generation,necessitating the development of high-quality MSW disposal *** study utilizes multi-source data and regression models to examine the status,development pathways,and driving forces of MSW disposal facilities in *** findings reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between the capacities or numbers of MSW disposal facilities and GDP per capita of *** data show that cities in East and Southeast China preferred incineration,while cities in West and Central China developed landfills more,largely shaped by the imbalance of development levels and endowments among regions in *** study also identifies mixed and differentiated influences of socio-economic factors on capacity expansion and increases in the number of MSW disposal *** results suggest the need for updated construction guidelines and regulations,as well as enhanced technological and managerial capabilities for MSW *** findings can inform policymakers and practitioners in their efforts to promote sustainable waste management practices in China.

关键词： China Municipal solid waste(MSW) Landfill Incineration Proliferation patterns Driving forces

A case study of a world-class research project accomplished in China:discovery of the quantum anomalous Hall effect

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National Science Review 2016年第4期3卷 404-408页

作者： Junling Huang Dongbo Shi Lan Xue Venkatesh Narayanamurti Belfer center for Science and International Affairs John F.Kennedy School of GovernmentHarvard University John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University School of public policy and Management Tsinghua University School of International and public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong University

INTRODUCTION China has achieved very impressive economic growth in the past three decades,but this success is unlikely to continue unless future economic growth is based on technological innovation,derived from strong and sustainable basic *** Chinese leadership has clearly recognized the need for the development of world-class research universities and the need for a thorough reform

关键词： Hall over very A case study of a world-class research project accomplished in China case

A Study of the Impacts of the Spatial Differences in Climate Engineering Programs on the Intensities of Extreme High-Temperature Events in China Under A 1.5℃ Temperature Control Target

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2020年第2期26卷 161-175页

作者： KONG Feng School of public policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China center for Crisis Management Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China center for Social Risk Assessment in China Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China

Based on the daily maximum temperature data and average temperature data prediction for the period ranging from 2020 to 2099 under the scenario of BNU-ESM climate engineering(G4 test)and non-climate engineering(RCP4.5),the regional differences in the extreme high-temperature intensities in China during the implementation of climate engineering programs(2020 to 2069)and after the implementation of those programs(2070 to 2099)were analyzed using the Weibull Distribution *** results are as follows.(1)The comparison of the two scenarios shows that climate engineering has not fundamentally changed the spatial variation of the intensity of extreme hightemperature events in different recurring periods in *** was found that in both scenarios,the extreme hightemperature intensities were characterized by the spatial differentiations of low-temperature intensities on the QinghaiTibet Plateau,and high-temperature intensities in the eastern and northwestern region.(2)The comparison of the two scenarios shows that climate engineering in the two study periods could help mitigate the extreme high-temperature intensities with different recurrence periods in China,and the mitigation effects during the implementation period would be significantly higher than those after the implementation.(3)The comparison between the periods ranging from 2020 to 2069 and 2070 to 2099 under the proposed climate engineering scenarios suggests that there would be no strong rebounding of extreme high-temperatures following the implementation of climate engineering ***,the mitigation effect of extreme high-temperature intensity during the implementation of climate engineering is significantly higher than that after the completion of climate engineering.(4)According to the comparison between the average temperature changes in China before and after the implementation of the climate project,the average temperature in China has been reduced by at least 1.25℃,which effectively allevi

关键词： climate engineering extreme high-temperature intensities recurrence period spatial patterns climate changes

Reaping the Economic Benefits of Decarbonization for China

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China & World Economy 2014年第5期22卷 37-54页

作者： Fei Teng Frank Jotzo Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyResearch Center for Contemporary ManagementTsinghua University Crawford School of public policy Australian National University

Chinaneeds to reduce its carbon emissions if global climate change mitigation is to succeed. Conventional economic analysis views cutting emissions as a cost, creating a collective action problem. However, decarbonization can improve productivity andprovide co-benefits that accord with multiple national policy objectives. We track China ＇ s progress in reducing the emissions intensity of the economy, and construct a macro scenario with China＇s carbon emissions peaking in the 2020s. Investment in greater energy productivity and economic restructuring away from heavy industries can bring productivity gains, and decarbonization of energy supply has important co-benefits for airpollution and energy security. Combined with lower climate change risks and the likelihood thai China＇s actions will influence other countries, this suggests that cutting carbon emissions is not only in China＇s self-interest but also in the global interest. To properly identify the true costs and benefits of climate change action requires new thinking in economic analysis.

关键词： China climate change mitigation co-benefits

Measuring and Visualizing Research Collaboration and Productivity

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2018年第1期3卷 54-74页

作者： Jon Garner Alan L.Porter Andreas Leidolf Michelle Baker Search Technology Inc. School of public policy Georgia Institute of Technology Ecology center Utah State University Department of Biology Utah State University

Purpose： This paper presents findings of a quasi-experimental assessment to gauge the research productivity and degree of interdisciplinarity of research center outputs. Of special interest, we share an enriched visualization of research co-authoring patterns. Design/methodology/approach： We compile publications by 45 researchers in each of 1） the iUTAH project, which we consider here to be analogous to a ＂research center,＂ 2） CG1-a comparison group of participants in two other Utah environmental research centers, and 3） CG2--a comparison group of Utah university environmental researchers not associated with a research center. We draw bibliometric data from Web of Science and from Google Scholar. We gather publications for a period before iUTAH had been established （2010-2012） and a period after （2014-2016）. We compare these research outputs in terms of publications and citations thereto. We also measure interdisciplinarity using Integration scoring and generate science overlay maps to locate the research publications across disciplines. Findings： We find that participation in the iUTAH project appears to increase research outputs （publications in the After period） and increase research citation rates relative to the comparison group researchers （although CG 1 research remains most cited, as it was in the Before period）. Most notably, participation in iUTAH markedly increases co-authoring among researchers--in general; and for junior, as well as senior, faculty; for men and women： across organizations; and across disciplines. Research limitations： The quasi-experimental design necessarily generates suggestive, not definitively causal, findings because of the imperfect controls. Practical implications： This study demonstrates a viable approach for research assessment of a center or program for which random assignment of control groups is not possible. It illustrates use of bibliometric indicators to inform R＆D program management. Originality/value： New visualizations

关键词： Bibliometrics Interdisciplinarity Multidisciplinarity Research evaluation Research collaboration mapping Science visualization Scientometrics Social networkanalysis