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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 34-49页

作者： WANG Shuang MU Lin LI Xue XIE Jun DONG Ming School of Energy and power engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Optical Information and Energy engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China

Turbulent agglomeration is viewed as a promising technology for enhancing fine particle removal *** better understand particle transport,agglomeration behaviors,and fluid-particle interactions,we numerically explored these phenomena under cylindrical vortex wake influence using a coupled large eddy simulation and discrete element method(LES-DEM)*** validity of the LES approach was verified by comparison with available direct numerical simulation(DNS)*** adopted the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts(JKR)contact model for particle-particle *** particle dispersion and agglomeration characteristics of particles with different diameters(d_(p)=2-20μm)in the laminar and transition of shear layer(TrSL)flow regimes were *** particles were concentrated at the vortex centers,while larger particles accumulated around the *** agglomeration efficiency exhibited an M-shaped profile spanwise(y-direction).With increasing Reynolds number,the agglomeration efficiency and turbulence intensity *** particle agglomeration efficiency peaks at a certain Reynolds ***,at higher Reynolds numbers,reducing the residence time of particles in the flow field decreases the agglomeration efficiency.

关键词： microparticle particle agglomeration discrete element method large eddy simulation

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Machine learning-assisted fluorescence visualization for sequential quantitative detection of aluminum and fluoride ions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 68-78页

作者： Qiang Zhang Xin Li Long Yu Lingxiao Wang Zhiqing Wen Pengchen Su Zhenli Sun Suhua Wang School of Environmental Science and engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The presence of aluminum(Al^(3+))and fluoride(F^(−))ions in the environment can be harmful to ecosystems and human health,highlighting the need for accurate and efficient *** this paper,an innovative approach is presented that leverages the power of machine learning to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of fluorescence-based detection for sequential quantitative analysis of aluminum(Al^(3+))and fluoride(F^(−))ions in aqueous *** proposed method involves the synthesis of sulfur-functionalized carbon dots(C-dots)as fluorescence probes,with fluorescence enhancement upon interaction with Al^(3+)ions,achieving a detection limit of 4.2 nmol/***,in the presence of F^(−)ions,fluorescence is quenched,with a detection limit of 47.6 nmol/*** fingerprints of fluorescence images are extracted using a cross-platform computer vision library in Python,followed by data ***,the fingerprint data is subjected to cluster analysis using the K-means model from machine learning,and the average Silhouette Coefficient indicates excellent model ***,a regression analysis based on the principal component analysis method is employed to achieve more precise quantitative analysis of aluminum and fluoride *** results demonstrate that the developed model excels in terms of accuracy and *** groundbreaking model not only showcases exceptional performance but also addresses the urgent need for effective environmental monitoring and risk assessment,making it a valuable tool for safeguarding our ecosystems and public health.

关键词： Machine learning Aluminum ion detection Fluorine ion detection Fluorescence probe K-means model

Vacuum ammonia stripping from liquid digestate:Effects of pH,alkalinity,temperature,negative pressure and process optimization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 638-650页

作者： Qiuhong Chen Donghai Yang Xiang Chen Xiankai Wang Bin Dong Xiaohu Dai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China YANGTZE Eco-Environment engineering Research center National Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment Protection for Yangtze River Economic BeltChina Three Gorges CorporationWuhan 430010China

High ammonia-nitrogen digestate has become a key bottleneck limiting the anaerobic digestion of organic solid *** ammonia stripping can simultaneously remove and recover ammonia nitrogen,which has attracted a lot of attention in recent *** investigate the parameter effects on the efficiency and mass transfer,five combination conditions(53℃ 15 kPa,60°C 20 kPa,65°C 25 kPa,72°C 35 kPa,and 81°C 50 kPa)were conducted for ammonia stripping of sludge *** results showed that 80%of ammonia nitrogen was stripped in 45 min for all experimental groups,but the ammonia transfer coefficient varied under different conditions,which increased with the rising of boiling point temperature,and reached the maximum value(39.0 mm/hr)at 81°C 50 *** ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was more than 80%for 30 min vacuum stripping after adjusting the initial pH to above 9.5,and adjustment of the initial alkalinity also affects the pH value of liquid *** was found that pH and alkalinity are the key factors influencing the ammonia nitrogen dissociation and removal efficiency,while temperature and vacuum mainly affect the ammonia nitrogen mass transfer and removal *** terms of the mechanism of vacuum ammonia stripping,it underwent alkalinity destruction,pH enhancement,ammonia nitrogen dissociation,and free ammonia *** this study,two-stage experiments of alkalinity destruction and ammonia removal were also carried out,which showed that the two-stage configuration was beneficial for ammonia *** provides a theoretical basis and practical technology for the vacuum ammonia stripping from liquid digestate of organic solid waste.

关键词： Liquid digestate Vacuum ammonia stripping Alkalinity Mass transfer Process optimization

Laser‑Induced Highly Stable Conductive Hydrogels for Robust Bioelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 117-120页

作者： Yibo Li Hao Zhou Huayong Yang Kaichen Xu State Key Laboratory of Fluid power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China

Despite the promising progress in conductive hydrogels made with pure conducting polymer,great challenges remain in the interface adhesion and robustness in longterm *** address these challenges,*** Hwan Ko and Taek-Soo Kim’s team introduced a laserinduced phase separation and adhesion method for fabricating conductive hydrogels consisting of pure poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate on polymer *** laser-induced phase separation and adhesion treated conducting polymers can be selectively transformed into conductive hydrogels that exhibit wet conductivities of 101.4 S cm^(−1) with a spatial resolution down to 5μ***,they maintain impedance and charge-storage capacity even after 1 h of *** micropatterned electrode arrays demonstrate their potential in long-term in vivo signal recordings,highlighting their promising role in the field of bioelectronics.

关键词： Laser processing Conductive hydrogels Stable interface Bio-interfacing electrodes Bioelectronic application

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Research progress on the environmental risk assessment and remediation technologies of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 1-20页

作者： Xurui Mai Jing Tang Juexuan Tang Xinyue Zhu Zhenhao Yang Xi Liu Xiaojie Zhuang Guang Feng Lin Tang College of Environmental Science and engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control(Hunan University) Ministry of EducationChangsha 410082China power China Zhongnan engineering Corporation Limited Changsha 410014China

Controlling heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil has been a significant *** heavy metals seriously threaten the surrounding ecological environment and human *** effective assessment and remediation of heavy metals in agricultural soils are *** two aspects support each other,forming a close and complete decisionmaking ***,this review systematically summarizes the distribution characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution,the correlation between soil and crop heavy metal contents,the presence pattern and migration and transformation mode of heavy metals in the soil-crop *** advantages and disadvantages of the risk evaluation tools and models of heavy metal pollution in farmland are further outlined,which provides important guidance for an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of heavymetal pollution in farmland soils and the assessment of the environmental *** remediation strategies involve multiple physical,chemical,biological and even combined technologies,and this paper compares the potential and effect of the above current remediation technologies in heavy metal polluted farmland ***,the main problems and possible research directions of future heavy metal risk assessment and remediation technologies in agricultural soils are *** review provides new ideas for effective assessment and selection of remediation technologies based on the characterization of soil heavy metals.

关键词： Source Migration transformation Risk assessment Remediation Heavy metals Agricultural soils

Novel Low-Carbon Optimal Operation Method for Flexible Distribution Network Based on Carbon Emission Flow

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Energy engineering 2025年第2期122卷 785-803页

作者： Chao Gao Kai Niu Wenjing Chen Changwei Wang Yabin Chen Rui Qu Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Construction Promotion Office of Guangdong power Grid Co. Ltd.Guangzhou510030China School of Electrical engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China School of Electrical engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China

With the widespread implementation of distributed generation(DG)and the integration of soft open point(SOP)into the distribution network(DN),the latter is steadily transitioning into a flexible distribution network(FDN),the calculation of carbon flow distribution in FDN is more *** this end,this study constructs a model for low-carbon optimal operations within the FDN on the basis of enhanced carbon emission flow(CEF).First,the carbon emission characteristics of FDNs are scrutinized and an improved method for calculating carbon flow within these networks is ***,a model for optimizing low-carbon operations within FDNs is formulated based on the refined CEF,which merges the specificities of DG and intelligent ***,this model is scrutinized using an upgraded IEEE 33-node distribution system,a comparative analysis of the cases reveals that when DG and SOP are operated in a coordinated manner in the FDN,with the cost of electricity generation was reduced by 40.63 percent and the cost of carbon emissions by 10.18 *** findings indicate that the judicious optimization of areas exhibiting higher carbon flow rates can effectively enhance the economic efficiency of DN operations and curtail the carbon emissions of the overall network.

关键词： Flexible distribution network carbon emission flow distributed generation soft open points

Alteration mechanism and classification and mechanical properties of altered granite

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： DONG Jinyu SHI Shang LIU Handong REN Minghao LI Jianyong North China University of Water Resources and Electric power College of Geosciences and engineering， North China University of Water Resources and Electric power

Altered rock， often encountered in major engineering projects， can seriously affect the stability of rocks and slopes surrounding deeply buried tunnels. This study addressed the alteration mechanism， alteration degree classification， and mechanical parameters of altered rock in engineering project areas using field testing， thin slice identification， X-ray diffraction， and major element testing. Results showed that the altered rock types in the areas of the Pingjiang Pumped Storage power Station (Hunan Province) and a diversion tunnel in northern Xinjiang include biotite granodiorite， biotite monzogranite， and cataclastic granite， and that the main alteration mechanisms are chloritization of biotite and clayization of feldspar minerals. The altered rocks were classified as slightly， moderately， or strongly altered according to their apparent characteristics， rebound value， longitudinal wave velocity， metamorphic mineral content， and porosity. The bulk density， elastic modulus， cohesion， and internal friction angle (Poisson’s ratio) of the altered rocks decreased (increased) with increase in the degree of alteration. Numerical simulations showed that in altered rock slope areas， the zone of strong rock alteration and the moderate–strong alteration contact zone exhibit locally large deformations that represent certain hazard to engineering projects. These results provide valuable guidance and support for major projects in altered rock areas.

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Bioenergy recovery and carbon emissions benefits of short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment on low organic sewage sludge anaerobic digestion:A pilot-scale study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 321-335页

作者： Hui Wang Xiang Fu Haozhe Huang Danni Shen Dongdong Fan Liming Zhu Xiaohu Dai Bin Dong College of Environmental Science and engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Yangtze Eco-Environment engineering Research center China Three Gorges CorporationBeijing 100038China Yangtze River Eco-Environmental engineering Research center Shanghai InvestigationDesign and Research Institute Co.LTDShanghai 200092China China Construction Third engineering Bureau First engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430000China

Sewage sludge in cities of Yangzi River Belt,China,generally exhibits a lower organic content and higher silt contentdue to leakage of drainage system,which caused low bioenergy recovery and carbon emission benefits in conventional anaerobic digestion(CAD).Therefore,this paper is on a pilot scale,a bio-thermophilic pretreatment anaerobic digestion(BTPAD)for low organic sludge(volatile solids(VS)of 4%)was operated with a long-term continuous flow of 200 *** VS degradation rate and CH_(4) yield of BTPAD increased by 19.93%and 53.33%,respectively,compared to those of *** analysis of organic compositions in sludge revealed that BTPAD mainly improved the hydrolysis of proteins in *** analysis of microbial community proportions by high-throughput sequencing revealed that the short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment was enriched in Clostridiales,Coprothermobacter and Gelria,was capable of hydrolyzing acidified proteins,and provided more volatile fatty acid(VFA)for the subsequent *** combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)analysis showed that the number of bacteria with high methanogenic capacity in BTPAD was much higher than that in CAD during the medium temperature digestion stage,indicating that short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment could provide better methanogenic conditions for ***,the greenhouse gas emission footprint analysis showed that short-term bio-thermophilic pretreatment could reduce the carbon emission of sludge anaerobic digestion system by 19.18%.

关键词： Sludge Anaerobic digestion Bio-thermophilic pretreatment Pilot scale Molecular microbiology Carbon emissions

Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Performance Prediction Loss Model of Centrifugal Compressors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第02期 590-606页

作者： ZHANG Lei FENG Xueheng YUAN Wei CHEN Ruilin ZHANG Qian LI Hongyang AN Guangyao LANG Jinhua Department of power engineering North China Electric Power University Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency power Generation Technology North China Electric Power University Baoding Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency power Generation Technology North China Electric Power University

The selection of loss models has a significant effect on the one-dimensional mean streamline analysis for obtaining the performance of centrifugal *** this study,a set of optimized loss models is proposed based on the classical loss models suggested by Aungier,Coppage,and *** proportions and variation laws of losses predicted by the three sets of models are discussed on the NASA Low-Speed-Centrifugal-Compressor(LSCC) under the mass flow of 22 kg/s to 36 kg/*** results indicate that the weights of Skin friction loss,Diffusion loss,Disk friction loss,Clearance loss,Blade loading loss,Recirculation loss,and Vaneless diffuser loss are greater than 10%,which is dominant for performance ***,these losses are considered in the composition of new loss *** addition,the multi-objective optimization method with the Genetic Algorithm(GA) is applied to the correction of loss coefficients to obtain the final optimization loss *** with the experimental data,the maximum relative error of adiabatic the three classical models is 7.22%,while the maximum relative error calculated by optimized loss models is 1.22%,which is reduced by 6%.Similarly,compared with the original model,the maximum relative error of the total pressure ratio is also *** a result,the present optimized models provide more reliable performance prediction in both tendency and accuracy than the classical loss models.

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A Comparative Study of Purge Flow Aero-Thermal Performance under Pre-Swirl and Rotational Conditions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第02期 626-638页

作者： GAO Hongyu WANG Yutian XU Renjie XU Qingzong School of Energy and power engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Institute of engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Investigating the interaction between purge flow and main flow in gas turbines is crucial for optimizing thermal management,and enhancing aerodynamic *** the high-speed rotating rotor poses challenges;however,employing the pre-swirl method to model rotational effect can facilitate experimental *** study evaluates the validity of the pre-swirl method for modeling rotational *** simulations are conducted under both stationary conditions,with seven swirl ratios,and rotational *** investigation focuses on the underlying mechanisms of pre-swirl and ***-swirl and rotation impart circumferential velocity to the purge flow relative to the blade,resulting in a diminishing effect on endwall *** the other hand,pre-swirl reduces the adverse pressure gradient,and the rotation generates Coriolis forces acting on the passage vortex,both contribute to an increasing effect on endwall *** pre-swirl condition,the diminishing effect is dominant,while in rotational condition,neither the diminishing nor the increasing effect exhibits an overwhelmingly dominant trend.

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